Adrenoleukodystrophy ; genetics ; therapy ; Animals ; Color Vision Defects ; genetics ; therapy ; Dependovirus ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; ethics ; trends ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leber Congenital Amaurosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Lentivirus

Objective To study the in vitro heating ability of Ni-Cu thermoseeds and their effect on the rabbit liver cells and tissues. Methods The temperature of rabbit liver tissues were monitored under an alternating magnetic field.MTT assay was used to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of the extra-liquid of the Ni-Cu thermoseeds;Hemolytic test was carried out to estimate its blood toxicity;and muscular implantation test was employed to determine the levels of its tissue toxicity.Results The thermoseeds used in this experiment showed a high heating ability in alternating magnetic field in vitro.MTT assay showed that the toxicity of the material on mouse fibroblast(L-929) cell lines was 1 degree,which means non-cytotoxic.Hemolytic test revealed a hemolysis rate(HR) of 3.25%(less than 5%),showing that the thermoseeds had no hemolytic reaction.Muscular implantation test showed different levels of inflammatory reaction in the muscle tissues.Conclusion Thermoseeds induced heating in alternating magnetic field can achieve an appropriate temperature,and the gilded thermoseeds have a high biocompatibility with 1 degree cytotoxicity without leading to hemolytic reaction.

Objective The main purpose of this study was to discuss the current situation of our nursing education from the perspective of educate,and to provide enlightenment for the higher nursing education reform.Methods The current situation of the development of nursing education questionnaire was adopted to conduct the survey.Results Nursing education in our country faced with the problems such as imperfection of the education concept,lack of humanistic curriculum,less practice classes,theory was divorced from practice,single evaluation tools of teaching.Conclusions Our country should carry on the reform of education mode,build international nursing personnel training system,improve the training quality and competition of nursing personnel.

Objective To explore the difference in the regulating effect of electroacupuncture on serum insulin (Ins) and fat consumption between male and female simple obesity rat and the possible mechanism of its action.Methods A rat model of simple obesity was made by induction with sodium glutamate. The rats were randomized into model and electroacupuncture groups (male and female), 10 rats each. A normal group of 10 rats (male and female) was established as a control. Points Quchi, Zhongwan, Guanyuan, Housanli, Fenglong and Sanyinjiao were selected in the electroacupuncture group. Stimulation with a low frequency of 2 Hz was provided after needle insertion. The treatment was given once daily for 28 consecutive days. Serum Ins content, and greater omentum, pericardiac and perirenal fat weights were measured in the male and female groups of rats before and after electroacupuncture intervention. The comparisons were made.Results Serum Ins content, and greater omentum, pericardiac and perirenal fat weights were significantly lower in the electroacupuncture male and female groups of rats than in the model male and female groups of rats (P<0.01) and also in the electroacupuncture male group of rats than in the electroacupuncture female group of rats (P<0.05).Conclusions Electroacupuncture has different degrees of weight-reducing effect in both male and female obesity rats. The reducing effect on serum Ins content, and greater omentum, pericardiac and perirenal fat weights is better in male obesity rats.

To investigate physicians' knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in tertiary hospitals in northeast China.Physicians from 77 tertiary hospitals in northeast China were surveyed with a questionnaire,which included questions such as risk factors,symptoms,exacerbations,comorbidities and diagnostic criteria of COPD.Besides cigarette smoking,air pollution and pulmonary infections,only 22.5％ (40/178) physicians recognized that the biomass fuels may induce COPD.Totally 59.0％ (105/178) physicians recognized the importance of spirometry to the diagnosis of COPD.Besides dyspnea,cough,sputum production,wheezing and chest tightness,only 23.7％ (42/177)of physicians considered that limitation of activity was an important symptom of COPD.65.5％ (116/177)physicians believed that recurrent lung infections was one of the most important comorbidities of COPD.However,less than 30％ [20.9％ (37/177)-28.8％ (51/177)] physicians were aware of the other important comorbidities.The physicians of tertiary hospitals in northeast China need to be systematically educated on COPD to meet the new guideline.

Objective To explore the mechanism of rapamycin-eluted stent in vascular endothelial injury. Meth?ods (1)Rapamycin (rapamycin group) was injected to rabbit dorsum muscle to simulate rapamycin-eluted stent implanta?tion into muscles. Control group and acetone control group were established at the same time. Morphological change in mus?cle was observed and serum calcium levels were measured after rapamycin injection.(2)HUVECs were incubated with 0.1, 1, 10 and 100μg/L rapamycin for 48 h respectively or with 1μg/L rapamycin for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h respectively.Cell via?bility was examined by MTT and its relationship with drug concentration and treatment time were analyzed.(3)HUVECs were divided into control group and 1μg/L rapamycin group. After 48 h,morphological changes of HUVECs were assessed by HE staining,the production of nitric oxide was examined by Nitric Oxide Assay Kit and the intracellular calcium ion con?centration was tagged with Fluo-3/AM. Results (1) Organizational morphology in local muscle with rapamycin injection represent stent implantation of rabbit,and calcium content in local muscle increased significantly in rapamycin group com?pared with nomal control group and acetone control group(P<0.05). (2) Cell survival rate decreased significantly upon ad?ministration of rapamycin in both concentration and time dependent manner(P<0.01). (3) In rapamycin group, cytoplasm vacuoles, nucleus pycnosis and nuclear fragmentation were observed;compared with control group,the levels of intracellular free Ca2+increased while the levels of nitric oxide was reduced. Conclusion Rapamycin treatment lead of injury to vascular endothelial cells which might through up-regulating intracellular Ca2+level.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of routine extraluminal use of an Arndt endobronchial blocker (AEB) for one-lung ventilation (OLV) in infants.Methods Thirty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ infants,aged 6-36 months,weighing 5-18 kg,undergoing elective thoracoscopic surgery,were enrolled in the study.The loop of AEB was fastened to the front of the endotracheal tube (ETT),and the blocker was placed externally to the ETT.After induction of general anesthesia,the AEB's placement was facilitated through the use of a fibreoptic bronchoscope.Mean arterial pressure,heart rate,end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide,oxygen saturation and airway pressure were recorded before AEB placement (T1),during AEB placement (T2),at the beginning of OLV (T3),at the beginning of two lung ventilation (T4) and at extubation (T5).The AEB placement time and successful placement and lung collapse time were recorded.The satisfaction with lung collapse,AEB shifting,hoarseness and development of intraoperative adverse cardiovascular events and hypoxemia and hypoventilation during OLV were recorded.Results Compared with the baseline at T1,no significant change was found in heart rate or mean arterial pressure at the other time points (P＞ 0.05),airway pressure was significantly increased at T2,3,and end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was increased at T4 (P＜0.05).The AEB placement time was (5.6± 1.2) min,the success rate of AEB placement 93％,the rate of satisfaction with lung collapse 83％,and the incidence of AEB shifting (only found in the pediatric patients in whom AEBs were placed on the right side) 13％.No intraoperative adverse cardiovascular events,hypoxemia or hypoventilation was observed in the pediatric patients in whom AEBs were successfully placed.Conclusion Routine extraluminal use of an AEB can provide a fast,safe and effective method for OLV in infants.

Chemical peeling is one of the three most common skin resurfacing techniques.Alphahydroxy acid,salicylic acid,trichloroacetic acid and Jessner's solution are common chemical peeling agents,and their action depths range from the stratum corneum to the reticular layer of the dermis.Chemical peeling has been widely applied to aesthetic dermatology,and this review mainly summarizes common chemical peeling agents and application of chemical peeling in discosmetic dermatoses,such as acne and melasma,and facial rejuvenation.

Objective: To observe the effects of moxibustion at different times on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), in the uterine tissues of rats with dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention, and to explore the differences and possible mechanisms of moxibustion at different times in easing pain in dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention. Methods: Forty-three female Wistar rats were randomly divided into a blank control group (n=7), a model group (n=9), a pre-moxibustion group (n=9), an immediate-moxibustion group (n=9) and a pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group (n=9). Rat models of primary dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention were established using (0±1) ℃ ice water immersion method combined with injection of estradiol benzoate for 10 d, followed by injection of oxytocin on the 11th day. Rats in the 3 intervention groups received moxibustion to Shenque (CV 8) and Guanyuan (CV 4), 10 min for each acupoint, once a day. Rats in pre-moxibustion group were given mild moxibustion, beginning on the 8th day during modeling, for 3 continuous days; rats in immediate-moxibustion group were given one time mild moxibustion, immediately after injection of oxytocin on the 11th day during modeling; rats in pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group were given mild moxibustion, beginning on the 8th day during modeling till immediately after injection of oxytocin on the 11th day during modeling, for 4 continuous days. The level of PGF2α in the rat uterine tissues was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the levels of PGE2 and AVP in rat uterine tissues were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: Compared with the blank control group, the levels of PGF2α and AVP, the PGF2α/PGE2 ratio in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the PGE2 level was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the rat uterine tissues in the model group. Compared with the model group, the writhing latency was significantly prolonged, the writhing number and the total writhing score were all decreased in the pre-moxibustion group, the immediate-moxibustion group and the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group (all P<0.01); the levels of PGF2α and AVP, and the PGF2α/PGE2 ratio were all significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the PGE2 level was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the rat uterine tissues of the 3 treatment groups. Compared with the pre-moxibustion group, the writhing number and the total writhing score were all decreased in the immediate-moxibustion group and the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group (all P<0.01), the writhing latency was significantly prolonged in the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group(P<0.01); the levels of PGF2α and PGF2α/PGE2 ratio were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the PGE2 level was significantly increased (P<0.01) in rat uterine tissues in the immediate-moxibustion group and the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group. Compared with the immediate-moxibustion group, the writhing latency was significantly prolonged and the writhing number was decreased (all P<0.05), and the total writhing score was decreased (P<0.01) in the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group; the PGF2α level and the PGF2α/PGE2 ratio were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the PGE2 level was significantly increased (P<0.01) in rat uterine tissues in the pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion group. Conclusion: Moxibustion at different times all can produce obvious analgesic effects on dysmenorrhea due to cold-dampness retention in rats, and pre-moxibustion plus immediate-moxibustion ranks the top. The mechanism of this analgesic effect may be via the regulation of abnormal PGF2α, PGE2 and AVP levels, to effectively inhibit the spastic contraction of uterine smooth muscle in dysmenorrhea rat, thereby improving the ischemia and hypoxia in uterus.

Objective To establish an animal model for evaluating immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.Methods New Zealand rabbits were intramuscularly administrated with three doses of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) with two weeks interval between each injection.Serum samples were collected at different time points before and after vaccination.Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and opsonophagocytosis assay (OPA) that were in conformity with the World Health Organization (WHO) standards were used to detect the concentrations of serotype-specific antibodies and their bactericidal activities.Results The concentrations (Geometric mean concentration, GMC) of serotype-specific antibodies in rabbit serum samples were well correlated with their bactericidal activities (Geometric mean titer, GMT) following vaccination.Moreover, the dynamic changes of GMC and GMT of the same serotype-specific antibody remained consistent as time went by.Conclusion Rabbit model can be used to analyze the immunogenicity of PCV13 vaccine with quantitative ELISA and OPA, which indicates that it is a suitable animal model for evaluating immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.