Developing countries are facing a big challenge of how to promote sexual and reproductive healthe Poverty erasion.reproductive health service promotion,schools and communities intervention,discussion between children and their parents encouragment are helpful to solve the sexual and reproductive problems with the adolescents

OBJECTIVE: To explore the alteration and the clinical significance of QT dispersion in acute pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: From May 2011 to April 2012, 42 hospitalized PE patients in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were enrolled, and divided into a high-risk group and a non-high-risk group according to the clinic state on admission. Another 30 healthy subjects with matched age and genders were enrolled as a normal control group. QT interval was measured manually in 12- lead conventional electrocardiogram within 24 hours on admission and after the treatment. QT dispersion (QTd) and heart rate-corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) were also calculated. All patients were followed up during hospitalization, and were divided to a death group and a survival group. RESULTS: QTd and QTcd in the high-risk group [(70.2±34.0), (88.1±43.3) ms] and the non-high-risk group [(49.3±21.8), (59.1±26.2) ms] were significantly higher than those in the normal control group[(33.2±12.4), (36.7±14.2) ms] (P<0.05), while QTd and QTcd in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the non-high-risk group (P<0.05). The interval of electrocardiogram was (5.6±2.5) days between 24 hours on admission and after the treatment (ECG). QTd and QTcd were reduced significantly after the treatment in the survival group [(41.0±16.4), (47.4±18.0)ms] compared with those on admission [(54.0±33.0), (67.2±40.5)ms] (P<0.05), but the QTd and QTcd after the treatment were also significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the QTd and QTcd between 24 hours on admission and after the treatment in the death group (P>0.05). Logistic regression showed that high-risk of PE, right ventricular dysfunction and high QTcd after the treatment were the main risk factors of hospital death. CONCLUSION QTd and QTcd are increased in PE. PE patients with right ventricular dysfunction, high-risk of PE, and high QTcd after the treatment suggest weak prognosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Conduction System ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Embolism ; complications ; physiopathology ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are human's closest evolutionary relatives next to Chimpanzees, and they are widely used in biomedical researches. Analyses of the rhesus monkey trasnscriptome and the sequence divergence between monkey and human are of importantce to the development of scientific analyses and to the application and interpretation of the results from animal experiments. In this study, we analyzed the genetic and transcriptional information. Four hundred and one clones were randomly selected from a liver tissue cDNA library of rhesus monkey, and the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced. We acquired 393 effective ESTs that were assembled into 221 Unigenes with Phrap software. Alignments of the sequences showed that 188 Unigenes matched with known proteins in Swiss_prot database, of which 16 Unigenes matched the known rhesus proteins, and 171 Unigenes had high homology with human proteins. Then the result of BLASTN comparison showed that 26 of another 33 Unigenes matched the known rhesus genes. Finally, the remaining Unigenes were aligned in dbEST and rhesus genome database, and the results suggested 3 Unigenes be newly discovered ESTs of rhesus.
Animals ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; chemistry ; Gene Library ; Liver ; chemistry ; Macaca mulatta ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global public health issue. Clinical cure (also known as functional cure) of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is the ideal therapeutic goal recommended by the latest guidelines for the prevention and treatment of CHB in China and globally. Optimized treatment regimens with direct-acting antiviral agents ［e.g., nucleos(t)ide analogues］ or immunomodulators (e.g., pegylated interferon-α) sequentially or in combination tend to have low cure rates. Rapid development has been achieved in the research and development of drugs for the treatment of CHB. This article reviews the clinical study of new antiviral drugs for CHB, including the selection of subjects, study design, dosage, dose escalation, adverse events, and efficacy evaluation. It is necessary to introduce the knowledge of quantitative pharmacology to analyze the association of drug exposure in body with efficacy and adverse reactions, and exploratory indicators should be incorporated for comprehensive analysis. This review provides related experience and new ideas for the clinical research and development of new anti-HBV drugs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the tolerance, pharmacokinetics, and antiviral activity of coblopasvir hydrochloride capsules in patients with hepatitis C. MethodsA total of 36 patients with hepatitis C who were admitted to The First Hospital of Jilin University from November 2016 to January 2017 were enrolled as subjects, and four dose groups (30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg, and 120 mg) and one placebo group were established. The subjects were administered once daily for 3 consecutive days; tolerance was evaluated on D2 and D6, and follow-up was performed on D8 and D10. The subjects were enrolled based on single dose escalation, and a multiple-dose study was conducted under the premise of good tolerance to single dose. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure the plasma concentration of coblopasvir hydrochloride in human body, and WinNonlin 6.4 software was used to calculate main pharmacokinetic parameters. HCV RNA load was used to evaluate antiviral activity at different time points; a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups, and the LSD t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsAfter coblopasvir hydrochloride capsules were administered orally once a day at a dose of 30-120 mg, the plasma concentration and exposure of coblopasvir hydrochloride increased with the increase in dose. There were no significant differences in plasma concentration and exposure between multiple-dose administration and single-dose administration in a fasting state, without accumulation in human body. After the oral administration of coblopasvir hydrochloride capsules once a day, the subjects with HCV genotype 1b had a reduction in HCV RNA load since baseline, with the lowest level at 120 hours, and there was a significant difference in antiviral activity between different dose groups (F=14.621, P＜0.000 1), among which the 60 mg group had a significantly greater reduction than the 30 mg group (P=0.025), while there was no significant difference between the 60 mg group and the 90/120 mg group (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in HCV RNA load between different groups of patients with HCV genotype 2a (P＞0.05). Of all 36 subjects, 20 reported 34 cases of treatment-emergent adverse events, among which 19 cases were associated with coblopasvir hydrochloride, and no significant adverse events or serious adverse events were observed. ConclusionOral administration of coblopasvir hydrochloride capsules in a fasting state at a dose of 30-120 mg/d (for 3 consecutive days) has good safety and antiviral activity. Therefore, it has good application prospect in the treatment of HCV infection and provides a basis for dose selection in phrase 2 study.

Objective: To identify the disease-causing mutations in a pedigree with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) from Yunnan province, and analyze the relationship between the genotype and the phenotype. Methods: The blood samples and the clinical data of the HCM family members were collected.The coding exons and their flanking intronic regions of 28 previously reported genes related to HCM were screened in the proband by high-throughput sequencing. The mutations in proband were confirmed and detected in all family members as well as in 159 healthy controls by Sanger sequencing.The relationship between the genotype and the phenotype was analyzed in this pedigree. Results: Two missense mutations of Arg1045His and Ala26Val in β myosin heavy chain gene(MYH7) were identified. Genetic screening showed that the mother and brother of the proband carried Arg1045His mutation.Both mutations were absent in other family members and in 159 healthy controls.Disease onset age was less than 50 years old in this pedigree, chest pain, exertional dyspnea and syncope were the major symptoms, and all accompanied by severe left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular outflow tract stenosis.The grandma of the proband suffered sudden cardiac death. The proband had the worst symptoms and the earliest disease onset in this pedigree. Conclusions We find a pedigree with familial HCM from Yunnan province carrying MYH7 Arg1045His and Ala26Val mutations. The study suggests that Arg1045His mutation in MYH7 gene caused HCM is malignant with early onset, severe ventricular hypertrophy and poor prognosis. Arg1045His and Ala26Val double-mutant might have dosage effects and aggravate the clinical phenotype of the patient.