Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication of cirrhotic portal hypertension and the main cause of mortality in patients. Studies revealed no significant differences in emergency hemostasis rate,fatality rate,and rebleeding rate between patients receiving endo-scopic treatment and vasoactive agents.The advances in emergency management of esophageal variceal bleeding,including endoscopic band ligation,sclerotherapy,and use of vasoactive agents,are reviewed,with emphasis on emergency endoscopic treatment and drug therapy for esophageal variceal bleeding.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect on enhancement of contraction and relaxation functions of cardiomyocytes induced by of MN9202 TEA, Forskolin, and MB. Methods The twitch amplitude was measured with a video edge tracker method. The following indexes, including ph (peak height), peak height/baseline percent (ph/bl, %), maximal velocity of contraction (+dL/dt) and maximal velocity of diastolization (-dL/dt), were recorded by a computer. Results TEA, Forskolin and MB increased electrically-induced contraction as shown by the following indexes: ph, ph/bl%, +dL/dt and -dL/dt. Forskolin and MB markedly augmented function of cardiac myocyte contraction and diastolization. Comparing with the control group, Forskolin (10-8mol/L) increased ph from 0.12?0.03(um)to 0.24?0.06 (um), ph/bl % from 12?3% to 27?6%, +dL/dt from 1.8?0.5 (um/s) to 3.8?0.9 (um/s), -dL/dt from 1.8?0.22 (um/s) to 3.5?0.7 (um/s). These indexes increased by 91%, 123%, 110% and 89%, respectively. MB also increased significantly; ph, ph/bl %, +dL/dt and -dL/dt were 0.14?0.04um, 11?4%, 2.2?0.3um/s and 2.2?0.6um/s, respectively. MN9202 (3?10~ -6mol/L) decreased the indexes (+dL/dt and -dL/dt ) which were increased by Forskolin significantly. Conclusion TEA, Forskolin and MB increased function of cardiac myocyte contraction and diastolization. These drugs might elevate intracellular calcium content indirectly and directly. The effects of TEA, Forskolin and MB were attenuated by MN9202. MN9202 might not only block Dihydropyridine Receptor, but might also inhibit calcium influx. Further study is needed to elucidate exact mechanism of MN9202.

Objective To find convenient methods for remote consultation of images of ocular fundus diseases. Methods A remote consultation system composed of internet was set up.The consultation information,including images,words and figures,was published on internet as web pages,so that the consultants would get the notice and the appointment by e mail.After reading the information on line,the consultants gave their opinions back to internet. Results The remote consultation system of images of ocular fundus diseases was setted up and managed successfully,and 23 patients had been diagnosed by this system. Conclusion The system which has clinical practicality is a simple,quick,effective and economic method for remote consultation of images of ocular fundus diseases. [

0.05). There was a higher prevalence of IBS in Heilongjiang province (14.02%) than that in Shanghai (11.72%, P

Objective To compare the operation modes of AP-960 full automated ELISA system.Methods Two models were tested: beginning with adding specimens(model 1) and beginning with adding enzymes(model 2).The following factors were compared: the consumption of suckers,usage of time,result of test and the usual alarm during the test.Results The consumptions of suckers were 564 and 84 respectively.The needing time of the former mode was 125 minutes and that of the latter mode was 90 minutes.Conclusion The mode beginning with adding enzymes(model 2) is better for the current status of our clinical laboratory.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the utilization of the most used splitting drugs in the inpatients of our hospital,and to promote rational use of splitting drugs. METHODS:The medical orders of oral tablets in the inpatients of our hospital in Jan. 2016 were analyzed statistically in respects of consumption quantity,classification dosage,department dosage and the proportion of scored tablets. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:There were 217389 medical orders of tablets in the inpatients of our hospital in Jan. 2016. There were 12792 medical orders of splitting drugs,with utilization rate of 5.88%. The most used splitting tablet were car-diovascular drugs and drug for nervous system,accounting for 53.31% and 20.72% of total. The splitting tablets were mostly used in respiratory and critical care medicine department. Top 10 departments in the list of the number of splitting drug medical orders prescribed 8993 splitting drug medical orders,accounted for 70.30% of total. Top 20 drugs in the list of the number of splitting drugs were involved in 8971 medical orders,accounting for 70.13%of total;there were 14 kinds of scored drugs and 7506 medi-cal orders of splitting scored drugs,accounting for 83.67% of top 20 medical orders of splitting drugs. Among splitting drugs,49 types had scored-line,which were prescribed in 9265 medical orders of splitting drug,accounting for 72.43% of all medical or-ders of splitting drug. Lacking of information in most package inserts about the tablet can or can not split,it is suggested to note this information in package inserts by pharmaceutical enterprises. For commonly used splitting drugs without scored-line,it is pro-posed to produce small-size drugs or add scored-line.

Objective To investigate the feature of Th1 cytokines induced by Mtb-specific antigen in patients with refractory pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods 28 patients with refractory pulmonary tuberculosis,67 patients with first-treated pulmonary tuberculosis,and 25 healthy controls with positive T.spot (LTBI group) were enrolled.IFN-γ,IL-2 and TNF-α in supernatants from PBMCs stimulated with ESAT-6 and CFP-10 were analyzed with Bender Flowcytomix on flow cytometry.Results The levels of the three cytokines were utmost high in patients with first-treated pulmonary tuberculosis.The lowest level of IFN-γ and IL-2 were induced in patients with refractory pulmonary tuberculosis,and were significantly lower than the LTBI group(Mann-Whitney U ＝ 105.5,162.5,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The immunotherapy with IFN-γ and IL-2 may play a role in treatment for refractory pulmonary tuberculosis but not for most of first-treated pulmonary tuberculosis.

【Objective】To observe the effect of ligustrazine(Lig) on cell apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 and p53 in rats hippocampal neurons after anoxia,and to explore its protective mechanism.【Methods】Primary culture technique of rat hippocampal neurons was used to establish the model of anoxia.At the 14th day of the culturing,the cultured cells were divided into model group,and high-,middle-and low-dosage ligustrazine (800,200 and 50 ?g/mL respectively) groups,which were exposed to anoxia environment for continuous 1.5 hours.Flow cytometer was used for the quantitative analysis of apoptosis rate of neurons,and in-situ hybridization was used to detect the bcl-2 and p53 mRNA expression of hippocampal neurons.【Results】In middle-dosage ligustrazine group after exposure to anoxia environment for 1.5 hours,the apoptosis rate and the bcl-2 and p53 mRNA expression of hippocampal neurons differed from those in other groups(P

Objective To screen the optimal dose of Tangtong Formula in vitro. Methods RSC96 Schwann Cells were cultivate by DMEM mediums which contains different concentrations of glucose (5–125 mmol/L). The prevention effects of Tangtong Formula at different concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0 mg/mL) on the proliferation of RSC96 Schwann Cells induced by high glucose were detected. After the RSC96 Schwann Cells were cultivated in 100 mmol/L and 125 mmol/L high glucose mediums for 72 h, the apoptosis of RSC96 Schwann Cells was detected by flow cytometry Annexin V/PI, and the apoptosis rate was calculate; the proliferation situation of RSC96 Schwann cells in different times was detected by CCK-8 method. Results RSC96 Schwann cells were in apoptosis after being intervened by 100 mmol/L and 125 mmol/L high glucose mediums. The apoptosis rates were respectively(7.46±0.96)％ and(16.53±1.01)％, with statistical significance compared with control group (P<0.01). Different concentrations of Tangtong Formula could alleviate the inhibitory effect of high glucose on the proliferation of RSC96 Schwann cells, and the threshold concentration of Tangtong Formula in 24 h was 0.25 mg/mL. The concentrations of Tangtong Formula in 0.5 mg/mL, 1.0 mg/mL, and 1.5 mg/mL could inhibit the apoptosis of RSC96 Schwann cells induced by high glucos, compared with 125 mmol/L high glucose group, the apoptosis rate of RSC96 Schwann cells decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Among three different doses, when the dose of Tangtong Formula is in 1.5 mg/mL, the effects on inhibiting apoptosis are the best.

Objective To study the feature of MIG and IFN-γ obtained from PBMCs stimulated with Mtb specific antigens and the potential value in the differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis from bacterial pneumonia and primary lung cancer. Methods 90 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 31 patients with bacterial pneumonia and primary lung cancer were enrolled. MIG and IFN-γin supernatants from PBMCs stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens were analyzed with Bender Flowcytomix on flow cytometry. The diagnostic values were established based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results PBMCs stimulated with Mtb-specific antigens produced significantly higher levels of MIG compared with IFN-γ The level of MIG in active pulmonary TB patients was significantly higher than in controls(3023.0 pg/ml vs 112.5 pg/ml, P ＜0.0001). The MIG and IFN-γtests were positive in 96. 8 and 86. 7% of the TB patients, the specificity was up to 94. 4 and 87. 1%. With combination of MIG and IFN-γtests, the positive rate increased among TB patients to 97. 8% without a significant decrease in specificity. Conclusions The responses of the MIG and IFN-γagainst to Mtb-specific antigens could be used to discriminate newly-treated active pulmonary tuberculosis fiom bacterial pneumonia and primary lung cancer. Combination of MIG and IFN-γ might be a simple and quick approach to diagnosis newly-treated active pulmonary tuberculosis.