1.Determination and Consistency Analysis of Particle Size Distribution of Budesonide Nasal Spray
Xiaoxiao ZHONG ; Wen CAO ; Biyong YANG
China Pharmacy 2017;28(18):2560-2563
OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the determination of particle size distribution of Budesonide nasal spray, and to analyze the consistency of particle size distribution of spray samples. METHODS:Water was used as dispersant for mixing and dispersing(1800 r/min). The particle sizes [d(0.1),d(0.5),d(0.9)] corresponded to accumulative particle size of 10%,50%and 90%were used as characteristic value. The distribution of granularity was determined by laser scattering method. The consisten-cy of particle size distribution of samples from 2 manufacturers (A,B) were analyzed among different batches or same batch of same manufacturer by SAS 9.3 statistical software. RESULTS:The mean values of d(0.1),d(0.5) and d(0.9) were 3.96 μm, 29.58 μm and 67.10 μm in manufacturer A. The mean values of d(0.1),d(0.5)and d(0.9)were 2.00 μm,7.53 μm and 28.51 μm in manufacturer B. By analysis,there was great difference in particle size of samples from 2 manufacturers. The particle size of the samples from manufacturer A were larger than that of manufacturer B. The consistency among different batches from manufacturer B was better,and the consistency among same batch were all good from 2 manufacturers. CONCLUSIONS:The established meth-od is suitable for particle size distribution of Budesonide nasal spray and the consistency analysis of particle size distribution.
2.Meta-analysis on the trace element contents in plasma and serum of cases with major depression
Tao LIU ; Shuming ZHONG ; Xiaoxiao LIAO ; Yanbin JIA
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science 2014;23(7):627-631
Objective To estimate the concentrations of trace element contents in plasma and serum of cases with major depression.Methods The search for all the related literatures in CBMDisc,CNKI,VIP,ScienceDirect,Medline and so on has been made.Selection criteria:examination of plasma and serum trace elements in patients with major depression and control group.Data collection and analysis:a quantitative meta-analysis was carried out by two reviewers using information based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from all papers available.Results 24 studies met inclusion criteria,all with scores of 4 or more.Zn concentration in plasma and serum of patients with major depression significantly decreased compared with that in healthy people by 2.35 mol/L,95% CI (-2.94,-1.75) (P<0.01).The concentration of Cu and Fe had no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05).Conclusion There were abnormal trace elements in the patients with major depression,Zn decreased,Cu and Fe mainly appeared as an unbalanced state.It is necessary to carry out more extensive research and in-depth exploration.
3.Research on the usage intention of hospital′s official App and influencing factors
Shuya ZHONG ; Jianping REN ; Tao ZHANG ; Liqi SUN ; Xiaoxiao LIU
Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration 2017;33(9):689-691
Objective To explore the influencing factors for usage of the official App of a hospital, based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT).Methods 616 outpatients were randomly sampled from outpatient clinics of three tertiary hospitals in Hangzhou for questionnaire survey, to learn the usage and intention for hospital′s official App.Results It was found that women (0.134), high performance expectancy (0.321), facilitating conditions (0.256), high effort expectancy (0.224), and desirable social influence (0.100) all contributed positive influence (P<0.05) to usage of such App.Conclusions It is recommended to enhance service functions of such App and simplify its usage, in addition to better promotion and online security measures.
4.Establishment of a hyperacute rejection model in ABO-incompatible renal allotransplantation in non-human primates
Junxiang WANG ; Shan ZHONG ; Xiaoxiao WANG ; Song CHEN ; Shi CHEN ; Gang CHEN
Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation 2014;35(7):421-425
Objective To establish a hyperacute rejection model in ABO-incompatible renal allotransplantation in nonhuman primates.Method ABO-incompatible renal transplantation was performed using blood group B cynomolgus monkeys as recipients and blood group A cynomolgus monkeys as donors.The transplants were distributed into 2 groups according to whether the recipient monkey was presensitized or not:(1) non-presensitized control group (n =1),not receiving any pretreatment; (2) KLH-conjugated blood group antigen A (KLH-A) presensitized group (n =3),being presensitized by subcutaneous injection of KLH-A 2 weeks prior to ABO-incompatible renal transplantation.The serum anti-blood group A antibody levels were measured using a FACS method.The graft survival time was observed and the pathologic studies were performed using the endpoint renal graft tissue samples.Result In non-presensitized control group,no hperacute rejection was observed during the surgery.With the traditional CsA triple therapy,the renal allograft survived was more than 30 days without obvious rejection,and the serum creatinine level was 263 μmol/L at day 30.After the presentization with KLH-A,recipient monkeys of KLH-A presensitized group had a markedly increased anti-A antibody levels and rapidly rejected the renal allografts from blood group A donors within 1 h after the reperfusion,which was demonstrated to be a hyperacute rejection with the pathologic studies.Conclusion The strategy of presensitization with KLH-conjugated blood group antigen significantly increases the corresponding blood group antibodies and allows the establishment of a hyperacute rejection model in ABO-incompatible renal allotransplantation in nonhuman primates.
5.Comprehensive evaluation of community health services in Shanghai
Jiangjiang HE ; Heng ZHONG ; Heping WAN ; Yingyao CHEN ; Tianye ZHANG ; Chunyan XIE ; Qiongwei HU ; Guojun HUANG ; Xiaoxiao LI ; Shanlian HU
Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration 2015;(8):633-637
The study introduced the general evaluation indicator system for community health services in Shanghai and its characteristics,analyzing the results of the comprehensive evaluation from the aspects of regions and institutions.From six aspects of financial input,human resource construction, operation mechanism,family doctor system,information system construction and the application of the comprehensive evaluation results,the paper recommended on deepening the reform of community health services.
6.Progress on study of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1
Xiaoxiao YANG ; Nana ZHENG ; Liansheng ZHONG ; Zeyu YU
Journal of Chinese Physician 2019;21(1):155-158
Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1) is a protein encoded by the GCH1 gene,which catalyze GTP to tetrahydrofolinine (BH4) under physiological condition.BH4 is a coenzyme of aromatic amino acid hydroxylase and a cofactor of nitric oxide synthases.BH4 involves in the synthesis of various hormones and neurotransmitters and plays an important role in a series of pathophysiological processes in vivo.Recent studies showed that GTPCH1 is involved in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain,doparesponsive dystonia,cancer and cardiovascular diseases.In this review,we will discuss the role of GTPCH1 in those diseases mentioned above.
7.Changes in methylation status of the whole genome and GCH1 gene in patients with herpes zoster neuralgia
Xiaoxiao YANG ; Na'na ZHENG ; Liansheng ZHONG ; Zhiqiang PAN ; Zeyu YU
Chinese Journal of Dermatology 2019;52(6):420-424
Objective To analyze the correlation between herpes zoster neuralgia and the methylation status of the whole genome and GCH1 gene.Methods From June to October in 2017,patients with confirmed herpes zoster and obvious neuralgia were selected in Department of Dermatology,The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,who achieved complete remission (no effect was observed on normal sleep) of neuralgia after antiviral and neurotrophic treatment.Finally,36 patients and 36 healthy controls were enrolled into this study.Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the healthy controls and patients before and after the treatment.Dot-blot hybridization assay was performed to determine the methylation status of the whole genome,methylated-DNA IP kit was used to enrich the methylation sites of the GCH1 gene,and real-time quantitative PCR was conducted to detect changes in methylation status of the GCH1 gene.Statistical analysis was carried out with GraphPad Prism v7.00 software by using paired t test for the comparison of methylation status before and after the treatment,and two-sample t test for the comparison between the patient group and control group.Results The relative methylation level of the whole genome was 135.94 ± 2.52 in the patients before treatment,significantly lower than that in the patients after treatment (144.76 ± 3.48,t =2.056,P < 0.05) and healthy control group (146.84 ± 3.39,t =2.580,P < 0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the methylation status of the whole genome between the patients after treatment and healthy controls (t =0.429,P > 0.05).Compared with the patients after treatment (0.89 ± 0.13) and healthy control group (0.97 ± 0.07),the methylation status of the GCH1 gene significantly decreased in the patients before treatment (0.65 ± 0.17;t =3.977,4.648 respectively,P < 0.05,< 0.01 respectively),while no significant difference between the patients after treatment and the healthy controls (t =0.506,P > 0.05).Conclusion The methylation status of the whole genome and GCH 1 gene markedly decreased in the patients with herpes zoster neuralgia.
8.Application and value of body composition measurement in the evaluation of efficacy of bariatric and metabolic surgery
Xiaoxiao ZHONG ; Beibei CUI ; Haibo TANG ; Liyong ZHU ; Shaihong ZHU
Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023;26(11):1028-1034
The use of bariatric and metabolic surgery as a central treatment for obesity has been steadily increasing. BMI, as a widely used metric for assessing obesity, has considerable relevance in the field of metabolic research. However, its limitations, such as its inability to account for variations in fat distribution, remain a subject of considerable controversy. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the relationship between changes in body composition and the risk of metabolic disease. Consequently, the study of the effects of bariatric and metabolic surgery on changes in body composition has become a major focus of bariatric and metabolic surgery research. As a potential replacement for BMI, body composition measurements are expected to improve and standardize the assessment of the effectiveness of bariatric and metabolic surgery. This underscores the urgent need for the development of methods and standards for body composition measurement. This paper undertakes a comprehensive review of the existing evidence on the application of body composition measurement techniques for the efficacy evaluation of bariatric and metabolic surgery. The intent is to provide new insights and pave the way for the exploration of future research directions in this area.
9.Application and value of body composition measurement in the evaluation of efficacy of bariatric and metabolic surgery
Xiaoxiao ZHONG ; Beibei CUI ; Haibo TANG ; Liyong ZHU ; Shaihong ZHU
Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023;26(11):1028-1034
The use of bariatric and metabolic surgery as a central treatment for obesity has been steadily increasing. BMI, as a widely used metric for assessing obesity, has considerable relevance in the field of metabolic research. However, its limitations, such as its inability to account for variations in fat distribution, remain a subject of considerable controversy. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the relationship between changes in body composition and the risk of metabolic disease. Consequently, the study of the effects of bariatric and metabolic surgery on changes in body composition has become a major focus of bariatric and metabolic surgery research. As a potential replacement for BMI, body composition measurements are expected to improve and standardize the assessment of the effectiveness of bariatric and metabolic surgery. This underscores the urgent need for the development of methods and standards for body composition measurement. This paper undertakes a comprehensive review of the existing evidence on the application of body composition measurement techniques for the efficacy evaluation of bariatric and metabolic surgery. The intent is to provide new insights and pave the way for the exploration of future research directions in this area.
10.Mechanism of Qinggongtang Against Generalized Anxiety Disorder Based on Glu/GABA Metabolic Balance
Xiaoxiao HUANG ; Zhongli XIE ; Mengyue XIE ; Shengzhen LI
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(24):28-35
ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of Qinggongtang in regulating Glu/GABA metabolic balance and the mechanism of its anxiolytic effect on rat models of anxiety. MethodFifty-four rats were randomly divided into normal, model, diazepam (0.225 mg·kg-1), and low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups of Qinggongtang (5.085, 10.17, 20.34 g·kg-1), with nine rats in each group. Except for the normal group, the other groups were subjected to indeterminate vacutainer stress and chronic restraint stress for 12 days to prepare the anxiety model. On the 3rd day of the stress, 10 days of corresponding drug intervention was started. At the end of the drug treatment, the anxiety level of rats in each group was evaluated by the elevated cross maze experiment (EPM) and the light and dark box experiment (LDB), and the effect of Qinggongtang on the anxiety behavior of rats was preliminarily analyzed. The levels of Glu and GABA in the amygdala tissue of the rats were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the changes in the synaptic ultrastructure of the amygdala of the rats in each group were observed by electron microscopy. The mRNA expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) in the amygdala were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR), and their protein expression was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with those in the normal group, rats in the model group showed an obvious anxiety state and dull yellow and lusterless fur. They were irritable, easy to anger, and preferred to curl up in the corner. The number of times the EPM entered the open arm and the residence time in the open arm were significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the residence time in the open box and the number of times the LDB went through the box were significantly reduced (P<0.01). The content of Glu in the amygdala was increased (P<0.01), and the content of GABA was reduced (P<0.01). The value of Glu/GAB was elevated (P<0.01), and the number of synaptic and pre-synaptic membrane vesicles in the amygdala was decreased. Sparse dense material in the post-synaptic membrane, increased synaptic gap, slightly disrupted internal structure, and decreased mRNA and protein expressions of GAD65, GAD67, GS, and GLT-1 in the amygdala were observed (P<0.01). Compared with those in the model group, rats in the medium-dose and high-dose groups of Qinggongtang and the diazepam group had bright fur, sensitive reactions, and more active behavior. The number of times EPM entered the open arm and the residence time in the open arm increased significantly (P<0.01), and the residence time in the open box and the number of times the LDB went through the box increased significantly (P<0.01). The content of Glu in all-dose groups of Qinggongtang and the diazepam group decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while GABA content increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). The value of Glu/GABA decreased (P<0.01), and the internal and external synaptic structure of each groups of Qinggongtang and the diazepam group was more complete. Synapses and vesicles were numerous, and the synaptic gap was more clearly defined. The efficacy of the high-dose group of Qinggongtang and the diazepam group was the best, and the mRNA and protein expressions of GAD65, GAD67, GS, and GLT-1 in the amygdala were increased in the high-dose group of Qinggongtang and diazepam group (P<0.05, P<0.01). ConclusionQinggongtang can improve synaptic plasticity and affect the expression of GAD65, GAD67, GS, and GLT-1 in the amygdala of rats to regulate Glu/GABA metabolic balance and thus exert anxiolytic effects.