Objective To explore the differentiation of allogeneic naive T cells to regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper (TH) 1/2/17 cells by coculture with bone marrow-derivedimmature dendritic cells (irnDC).Method Bone marrow-derived imDC were cultivated from Balb/c mice.Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated DC were harvested as mature dendritic cells (mDC) and unstimulated cells were collected as imDC.Then irnDC or mDC were cocultured with allogeniec naive T cells,respectively.TH1 cytokines [interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-2],TH2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10),and TH17 cytokine (IL-17) of co-cultured cells were detected by enzyme linked immunospot assay.CD4+ Forkhead box p3 (FoxP3) + Treg proportion in CD4+ cells in the co-cultured system with IL-2 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was analyzed by flow cytometry.Result As compared with mDC,na(i)ve T cells cocultured with imDC secreted much less IFN-γ (11.67 ± 2.18 vs.182.00±23.71,P＜0.01),IL-2 (26.67±2.96 vs.318.30± 18.62,P＜0.01),IL-4 (17.00±3.78 vs.45.33±3.48,P＜0.01),IL-10(7.00±1.00vs.158.70±10.90,P＜0.001) and IL-17 (0.66 ± 0.33 vs.238.30 ± 24.39,P＜0.001).Furthermore,imDC induced more CD4+ FoxP3+ Tregs than mDC after adding IL-2 and TGF-β1 in the coculture system for 7 days (22.70 ± 1.53 ％ vs.5.42 ± 1.27％,P＜0.01).Conclusion imDC are more effective to induce na ve T cells to Tregs,but not differentiate to TH 1/TH 2/TH 17 cells.These findings provide in vitro experimental evidence for induction of transplant tolerance by adoptive transfer of imDC.

Objective To investigate whether rat adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs) could resist human xenoantibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis and to explore its possible mechanisms.Method SD rat ASCs were isolated,rASCs at passage 2 to 8 were used for the following studies and rat lymphocytes were harvested as control cells.α-Gal expression was detected by flow cytometry.After incubation of rASCs with 20％ normal human serum (NHS) or heat inactivated normal human serum (HINHS),flow cytometry was used to detect cytotoxicity,IgG or IgM binding,and C3c,C4c and C5b-9 deposition.Result We successfully established the method to isolate and culture rASCs.The morphology of rASCs remained unchanged after passages.rASCs were positive for tell surface markers of CD44 and CD90,while negative for CD45 and MHC-Ⅱ.As compared with rLCs,rASCs significantly resisted human natural antibody and complement-mediated lysis when incubated with 20％ NHS in vitro (20.42％ ± 2.80％ vs 51.84％ ± 6.70％,P ＜ 0.01).Mechanistically,rASCs expressed lower level of α-Gal (13.97 ± 0.33 vs.24.47 ± 3.03,P＜0.05),which was correlated with decreased binding of human xenoreactive IgG and IgM (IgM:9.4 ± 2.0 vs.107.2± 4.8,P＜0.01; IgG:5.73 ± 1.0 vs.27.49 ± 3.9,P＜0.01) and reduced deposition of complements C3c,C4c and C5b-9 (C3c:294.6 ± 38.02 vs.1924 ± 509.4,P＜0.05; C4c:35.23 ± 3.1vs.177.3 ± 37.17,P＜0.05; C5b-9:5.63 ± 1.74 vs.37.05 ± 7.4,P＜0.01).Conclusion These data demonstrated that the resistance of rASCs to human xenoantibody and complement-mediated lysis is associated with low expression of xenoantigen a-Gal and inhibition of MAC (membrane attack complex) formation.

Objective:To ascertain the endemic status of paragonimiasis in Zhejiang Province.Methods:From 2005 to 2020, 2-3 villages in 1-2 counties (cities, districts, hereinafter refferred to as counties) in historical endemic areas of paragonimiasis in Zhejiang Province were selected for monitoring each year. In each village, 50 to 150 local residents were selected as monitoring subjects, venous blood samples were collected, and serum Paragonimus antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fifty to 100 intermediate hosts crabs or crayfish were collected in each village, and the infection of Paragonimus metacercaria was detected by crushing precipitation. Results:The positive rate of Paragonimus antibody was 2.9% (94/3 297); 3 929 crabs or crayfish were divided into 2 749 groups, 790 of which were found to have Paragonimus metacercaria infection, with a Paragonimus metacercaria infection rate of 28.7%. Conclusions:Paragonimus transmission chain exists in some counties of Zhejiang Province, which still has the potential risk of Paragonimus epidemic. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and carry out extensive health education to improve residents' self-protection awareness.

Objective:To understand the personal dose level of nuclear medical workers in a hospital, and to provide basis for health management of nuclear medicine occupational population.Methods:From January 2014 to December 2018, 147 radiation workers in a hospital were selected as the monitoring objects, and the individual dose monitoring data were analyzed. The correlation between individual dose and clinical workload was analyzed.Results:The average annual personal dose of 147 staff members was below the national dose limit. Compared with the radiation department, the average annual personal dose of nuclear medical staff was higher, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . There was a positive correlation between the annual average personal dose and the corresponding injection workload (Rs=0.69, P<0.05) . Conclusion:The occupational exposure risk of nuclear medical technicians and nurses is high, and reasonable protective measures should be taken to reduce the radiation exposure dose. Conclusion The occupational exposure risk of nuclear medical technicians and nurses is high, and reasonable protective measures should be taken to reduce the radiation exposure dose.

Objective:To understand the personal dose level of nuclear medical workers in a hospital, and to provide basis for health management of nuclear medicine occupational population.Methods:From January 2014 to December 2018, 147 radiation workers in a hospital were selected as the monitoring objects, and the individual dose monitoring data were analyzed. The correlation between individual dose and clinical workload was analyzed.Results:The average annual personal dose of 147 staff members was below the national dose limit. Compared with the radiation department, the average annual personal dose of nuclear medical staff was higher, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . There was a positive correlation between the annual average personal dose and the corresponding injection workload (Rs=0.69, P<0.05) . Conclusion:The occupational exposure risk of nuclear medical technicians and nurses is high, and reasonable protective measures should be taken to reduce the radiation exposure dose. Conclusion The occupational exposure risk of nuclear medical technicians and nurses is high, and reasonable protective measures should be taken to reduce the radiation exposure dose.

AIM:To explore the roles and associations of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha(HNF4A)and mu-protocadherin(MUCDHL)in the kidney of diabetic mice.METHODS:(1)A cohort of six 12-week-old db/m mice and six db/db mice were selected and maintained on a standard diet until 16 weeks.The protein levels of fibronectin(FN),collagen type III(Col-III),E-cadherin,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),HNF4A,Snail and MUCDHL in renal tissues were scrutinized using Western blot.Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to observe the distribution and expres-sion of FN,HNF4A and MUCDHL.(2)Mouse renal tubular epithelial cells(mRTEC)were cultured in vitro and catego-rized into groups:normal glucose(NG)group,high glucose(HG)group,overexpression control groups(NG+vector and HG+vector),overexpression groups(NG+OE-MUCDHL,HG+OE-MUCDHL,NG+OE-HNF4A and HG+OE-HNF4A),knockdown control groups(NG+control and HG+control),and knockdown groups(NG+si-MUCDHL,HG+si-MUCDHL,NG+si-HNF4A and HG+si-HNF4A).The relevant protein levels were also detected by Western blot.RESULTS:(1)In db/db group,elevated body weight,blood glucose and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR)indicated significant re-nal injury.Compared with db/m group,the mice in db/db group exhibited increased expression of FN,Col-III,α-SMA and Snail,and decreased expression of E-cadherin,HNF4A and MUCDHL.MUCDHL was predominantly expressed in the apical membrane of renal tubular epithelial cells,FN in the tubular mesenchyme,and HNF4A in the plasma and nu-cleus of renal tubular cells.(2)In HG group,there was an up-regulation in the expression of fibrosis-related proteins and a down-regulation in the expression of E-cadherin,HNF4A and MUCDHL compared with NG group.Overexpression of MUCDHL led to a decrease in the expression of FN,Col-III,α-SMA and Snail proteins,an increase in the expression of E-cadherin and MUCDHL proteins,and unaltered expression of HNF4A.Knockdown of MUCDHL resulted in a reversal of the aforementioned effects,with HNF4A expression remaining unaltered.Overexpression of HNF4A led to an increased ex-pression of MUCDHL,and the expression changes of the remaining indicators were consistent with the overexpression of MUCDHL.Knockdown of HNF4A reversed the aforementioned effects.MUCDHL may represent a downstream target gene of HNF4A.CONCLUSION:The diminished expression of HNF4A and MUCDHL in the renal tubules of diabetic mice implies their involvement in the progression of renal fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease(DKD).HNF4A may potentially impede the progression of renal fibrosis in DKD by up-regulating the expression of MUCDHL.

【Objective】 To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the collection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) in pediatric patients with thalassemia major (TM) weighing 20 kg or less. 【Methods】 PBSCs collection data of 170 pediatric patients with TM weighing 20 kg or less from January 2013 to December 2020 in our center were reviewed. Safety was assessed by the occurrence of adverse events during apheresis procedures, and efficacy was evaluated by the number of CD34+ cells collected. 【Results】 A total of 171 PBSCs procedures were performed on 170 patients with TM weighing 20 kg or less, with a median age of (4.98±1.53) years and a median weight of (17.30±2.18) kg. The probability of collecting at least 1×10⁶ CD34+ cells/kg during a single course of apheresis was 99.41% (169/170), with a median (5.88±4.23) ×10⁶ CD34+ cells collected per kg of weight of the recipient. A minimum pre-apheresis hemoglobin (Hb) of 60 g/L in patients with TM weighing 20 kg or less was safe and feasible. The most common adverse event of G-CSF mobilization in TM patients is bone pain, with the incidence of 7.65% (13/170), which was higher than that of healthy children donors in our center. The most common adverse events during the collection were pain at the puncture site of the femoral vein (6.47%, 11/170) and low pressure of the fluid (2.92%, 5/170). And no serious complications related to PBSCs mobilization, central venous catheter(CVC)placement or the apheresis procedure occurred. 【Conclusion】 PBSCs collection by COM.TEC blood cell separator in children weighing 20 kg or less is safe and efficacious.

In recent years,China has made great progress in basic nanomedicine,nanotoxicology and nanobiology research.Nanotechnology has been continuously applied in biomaterial and medical device,more and more medical devices applying nanomaterials are developed and manufactured.In order to gain more comprehension and accurate understanding of the research and industrial development in nanobiomaterial medical devices,this study reviewed the common nanomaterial in medical devices and the regulatory situation of nanomaterial medical devices at home and abroad,and discussed the current challenges in biological evaluation of nanomaterial medical devices,with a view to providing ideas for the safety evaluation and research of related products.

【Objective】 To explore the role of RYBP in activating PARP-1 dependent Parthanatos and promoting response to YM155 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. 【Methods】 CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to analyze the inhibition ratio and cell death percentage after YM155 treatment in both RYBP overexpression group and control group. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Parthanatos-related proteins. 【Results】 Compared with control group, RYBP overexpression group showed higher inhibition ratio and cell death percentage after YM155 treatment. Overexpression of RYBP activated PARP-1 with or without YM155 treatment. Besides, after YM155 treatment, KYSE170-RYBP showed more PAR accumulation in the nucleus, AIF translocation from mitochondria to the nucleus than control cells. 【Conclusion】 RYBP can activate PARP-1/PAR/AIF-dependent induced Parthanatos in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and enhance response to YM155.

ObjectiveThis research focused on examining the distinctive characteristics of nutrient intake and dietary patterns among long-lived elderly individuals. Additionally， the study was aimed to explore the specific dietary components that may impact the skeletal muscle mass in this particular group. MethodsThis study was conducted in the Chongming area of Shanghai， China. A total of 206 long-lived elderly individuals aged 90 or above were recruited. The 3-day 24-hour dietary recall method was used to collect dietary information and general demographic data through face-to-face interviews with professional nutritionists. The skeletal muscle mass index（SMI） was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis（BIA）， and low skeletal muscle mass was diagnosed based on the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. T-test analysis， chi-square test， and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and skeletal muscle mass. ResultsIn terms of food intake categories， compared with the long-lived elderly people with normal muscle mass， the intake of cereals containing miscellaneous beans and vegetables in the long-lived elderly people with low muscle mass was significantly lower（P<0.05）. In terms of the nutrient intake， compared with the long-lived elderly people with normal muscle mass， the intake of total energy， carbohydrate， dietary fiber， vitamin D， folic acid， phosphorus， potassium， magnesium， iron， and manganese in the long-lived elderly people with low muscle mass was significantly lower（P<0.05）. After continuous adjustment for the covariates， multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the intake levels of folic acid and dietary fiber were important factors influencing skeletal muscle mass， Individuals with lower intake levels of folic acid and dietary fiber are at a higher risk of low muscle mass in long-lived elderly individuals ［OR_{folic acid T1}， _{dietary fiber T1} （95%CI）： 2.90 （1.11‒7.61）； 4.09 （1.53‒10.91）］. ConclusionThe consumption of cereals that include a variety of beans and vegetables was noticeably lower in the long-lived elderly individuals with lower muscle mass when compared to those with normal muscle mass. Furthermore， low levels of folic acid and dietary fiber intake are associated with an increased risk of low skeletal muscle mass.