Objective To evaluate the effect of lifestyle intervention on the indexes of patients with dyslipidemia.Methods CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,PubMed,Web of Science,EBSCO,EMbase,the Cochrane Library,Clinical Trials,MEDLINE were retrieved.The search terms included lifestyle intervention,lifestyle,diet,physical activity,dyslipidemia,hypercholesterolemia,lipid,low fat diet,plant sterols,low-glycemic index(GI)diets,mono-unsaturated fatty acids.Articles on randomized controlled trials(RCTs)to study the effect of lifestyle intervention on the indexes of patients with dyslipidemia were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Meta-analyses were conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software after extracting data.Results 19 articles were internalized,including 2 294 patients(intervention group,n=1,170)and(control group,n =1,124).According to the results of intervention group versus control group,total cholesterol of weighted mean difference(WMD)was (-0.61,95 ％CI.-0.84～-0.38,P＜0.01),triglyceride of WMD was(-0.28,95 ％ CI:-0.42～ 0.15),P＜0.01),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of WMD was (-0.45,95 ％ CI:-0.72 ～ 0.18,P ＜0.01),(all P＜0.01),with significantly lower WMD in intervention group than in control group.The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of WMD was (-0.05,95 ％ CI:-0.22 ～ 0.12,P =0.59),the difference was not significant.Conclusions Lifestyle intervention improves serum levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol for dyslipidemia patients,but its effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is not significant.

Raman spectroscopy has generated many branches during the development for more than 90 years. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) improves SNR by using the interaction between tested materials and the surface of rough metal, as to quickly get higher sensitivity and precision spectroscopy without sample pretreatment. This article describes the characteristic and classification of SERS, and updates the theory and clinical application of SERS. It also summarizes the present status and progress of SERS in various disciplines and illustrates the necessity and urgency of its research, which provides rationale for the application for SERS in microbiology.
Microbiology ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman

Positive linear correlation was found between TSH level and detection rate of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). When measured with a cut-off point at 9, 10, 15 and 20 mU/L of TSH, the sensitivity of positive detection rate for CH was 99.77%, 96.80%, 81.25% and 71.88%, respectively. TSH > 9 mU/L seems to be a reasonable cut-off value.

Objective To explore the chain mediating effect of mastery and self-efficacy between optimism and resilience of breast cancer patients.Methods Totally 262 breast cancer patients were investigated with general information questionnaire,resilience scale (RS-14),mastery scale for Chinese version (MSC),general self-efficacy scale (GSES) and revised life orientation test (LOT-R).Causual steps and Bootstrap method were used to test the chain mediating effect of mastery and self-efficacy between optimism and resilience.Results The media score of the participants was 18 for optimism,and the average score of the participants was 27.1±4.6 for mastery,26.0±5.9 for self-efficacy,76.6± 13.9 for resilience.There existed a significant difference in RS-14 scores among the patients with different family relationships,family income,and form of payment (all P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that optimism,mastery,self-efficacy,and resilience were positively correlated with each other(r=0.57-0.74,all P＜ 0.01).Mediation modeling analysis showed that optimism had a direct effect on resilience.The effect value was 0.361,and the effect was 49.7％.Mastery and self-efficacy mediation effect value were 0.123 and 0.162,and the mediation effect were 16.9％ and 22.3％.While chain mediating effect of mastery-self-effcacy was also significant,and the mediation effect value was 0.081 and the mediation effect was 11.1％.Conclusion Optimism influences breast cancer patients' resilience,not only through the direct path,but also through the indirect path of mastery and self-efficacy,as well as the chain mediating path between these two variables.

In recent years, in the face of the risks and challenges of public health emergencies, the demand and supply of public health talents are relatively tight, and the reform and exploration of the standardized training of public health professionals has become one of the most urgent and important topics. This study analyzed the problems of curriculum system setting, implementation of practical links and composition of tutors in the training process, and learned that Wenzhou Medical University has carried out practical exploration in strengthening theoretical study, highlighting the combination of research and study, deepening professional practice, etc., which has achieved the orderly promotion of public health training supported by supporting reform measures; Take the post competence as the guidance, and vigorously improve the practicing ability; Based on the process and result assessment, promote the reform of training mode and other preliminary results. However, there are also shortcomings and deficiencies in accuracy, supply and effectiveness. Looking at the current situation, it is suggested to promote mechanism construction, increase skill training, develop training standards, improve supporting measures, establish expert committees and other reform ideas, and explore and implement a new model of degree education connection.

Objective:To explore the application and value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in refractory infection after organ transplantation.Methods:A case report discussed about a patient with lumbar spine infection after kidney transplantation and the relevant literature was reviewed. The recipient was a 63-year-old man with low back pain after kidney transplantation. Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging showed lumbar spine infection. Multiple operations plus antibacterial and antituberculosis treatments were ineffective. Before and after treatment, numerous tests of traditional pathogenic microorganisms failed to detect any positive bacteria.Results:The detection of lumbar secretion by mNGS suggested aspergillus infection. The symptoms improved after dosing of voriconazole.Conclusions:The incidence of fungal infection of lumbar spine is low. The imaging manifestations are non-typical so that it is easy to misdiagnose. mNGS helps to timely diagnose and guide treatment. With a review of the literature, mNGS has some application value for some difficult and rare infectious diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a fetus suspected for congenital nephrotic syndrome of Finland (CNF). METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral and umbilical cord blood samples derived from both parents and the fetus. Potential variants were detected by using next-generation sequencing. Suspected variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The fetus was found to carry compound heterozygous variants c.1440+1G>A and c.925G>T of the NPHS1 gene, which were respectively inherited from its mother and father. CONCLUSION Identification of the compound heterozygous NPHS1 variants has enabled diagnosis of CNF in the fetus and genetic counseling for the affected family.
Female ; Fetus ; Finland ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; congenital ; diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

ObjectiveTo analyze the mortality data of children under 5 years in Chongming District， Shanghai， and to analyze the main causes of death of children under 5 years， so as to provide scientific basis for reducing the mortality of children under 5 years in Chongming District. MethodsData of children under 5 years in Chongming District from 2011 to 2020 were collected from the Maternal and Child Health Information System of Chongming District， Shanghai. The mortality rate and main causes of death of children under 5 years in Chongming District were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsFrom 2011 to 2020， the average mortality rate of children under 5 years in Chongming District was 6.51‰， and the overall trend was stable. The mortality rate of children under 5 years with non-local household registration （11.44‰） was significantly higher than that of children under 5 years of age with local household registration （4.88‰） （P<0.05）. The main causes of death for children under 5 years were accidental deaths （drowning， accidental asphyxia， traffic accidents）， while the main causes of death for infants were congenital heart disease， premature birth or low birth weight， congenital abnormalities， birth asphyxia and pneumonia. ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen safety education for children and their guardians and strengthen safety management for children who are not registered in this city. Departments of obstetrics and gynecology and the departments of pediatrics should be expanded， and prenatal examination should be strenthened for high risk or elderly parturient women to further reduce the death rate of children under 5 years old.

Objective To determine the most cost-effective modality for breast cancer screening in women living in Shanghai.Methods A Markov model for breast cancer was redeveloped based on true effect which was derived from a project for detection of women at high risk of breast cancer and an organized breast cancer screening program conducted simultaneously in Minhang district,Shanghai,during 2008 to 2012.Parameters of the model were derived from literatures.General principles related to cost-effectiveness analysis were used to compare the costs and effects of 12 different screening modalities in a simulated cohort involving 100 000 women aged 45 years.Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used to determine the most cost-effective modality.Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate how these factors affected the estimated cost-effectiveness.Results The modality of biennial CBE followed by ultrasonic and mammography among those with positive CBE was observed as the most cost-effective one.The costs appeared as 182 526 Yuan RMB per life year gained and 144 386 Yuan RMB per quality adjusted life-year (QALY) saved,which were within the threshold of 2-3 times of local per capita Gross Domestic Product.Results from sensitivity analysis showed that,due to higher incidence rate of breast cancer in Shanghai,the cost per QALY would be 64 836 Yuan RMB lower in Shanghai than the average level in China.Conclusion Our research findings showed that the biennial CBE program followed by ultrasonic and mammography for those with positive CBE results might serve as the optimal breast cancer screening modality for Chinese women living in Shanghai,and thus be widely promoted in this population elsewhere.

Objective:To establish an in vitro capsular bag model and compare the inhibitory effects of different 360° square-edge intraocular lens (IOL) on lens epithelial cells (LECs) migration. Methods:In vitro capsular bag model with posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was established using Transwell compartment, cell climbing slices, human collagen type Ⅳ, and IOL.The models were divided into Plate-loop HydroSmart group, C-loop HydroSmart group, and C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group according to the different square-edge IOL implanted.A blank control group was set using the Transwell compartment without IOL.The early PCO pathological manifestations in lens epithelial cell line SRA01/04 cultured in the Transwell compartment were observed with an inverted microscope.The cell morphology in different groups was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.The cell counting and cell migration inhibition rate of anterior capsule and posterior capsule were calculated by Transwell assay and cell-exclusion zone assay, respectively. Results:The early pathological characteristics of PCO, such as early Soemmering ring and small Elschnig pearl, could be found in cells in the in vitro capsular bag model after 48-hour culture.The migrating cells in model groups were fibrous.No changes mentioned above were found in blank control group.The number of migrating cells in the anterior capsule of Plate-loop HydroSmart group, C-loop HydroSmart group, C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group was 18.80±5.53, 24.67±9.80, and 34.47±10.80, respectively, and the number of migrating cells in the optical area of the posterior capsule of the three groups was 56.43±9.00, 162.20±16.38, and 121.30±12.01, respectively.The cell migration inhibition rate in the anterior capsule of Plate-loop HydroSmart group, C-loop HydroSmart group, C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group was (92.02±1.94)%, (89.76±3.10)%, (86.27±4.54)%, respectively, and the cell migration inhibition rate in optical area of the posterior capsule of the three groups was (91.60±3.65)%, (70.14±5.35)%, (78.43±3.48)%, respectively.The number of migrating cells in the anterior capsule was lower and the cell migration rate inhibition was higher in Plate-loop HydroSmart group than C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group, with significant differences (both at P<0.05). The number of migrating cells in the optical area of the posterior capsule and the cell migration inhibition rate was greater than those of C-loop HydroSmart group and C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic group, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.001). Conclusions:The in vitro capsular bag model can be used in PCO research.Compared with C-loop HydroSmart IOL and C-compensation-loop Hydrophobic IOL, Plate-loop HydroSmart IOL can more effectively inhibit the migration of LECs to the optical area of the posterior capsule.