OBJECTIVE To explore cell death type of lateral line hair cellsinduced by cisplatin in zebrafish. METHODS Zebrafish larva were incubated in 1mM cisplatin solution for 6 hrs to induce about 90%lateral line hair cells loss. Time lapse imaging was used to detect the morphology of cisplatin-incubated hair cells in wildtypezebrafish pre-labelled by live dyes Bodipy TR C5-ceramide and Sytogreen 24. TUNEL assay and In situ anti-active Caspase-3 antibody staining were performed to detect nuclei fragmentation and Caspase-3 activity respectively. RESULTS Compared to control group, hair cells condensationand nuclei fragmentation (P<0.05) were detected in cisplatin-incubated group, and active Caspase-3 activity was also observed after cisplatin addition. CONCLUSION Cisplatinmay induced zebrafish lateral line hair cells loss by Caspase-3-dependent apoptotic pathway.

AIM:To explore the effect of Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4)-Notch signaling pathway blockade on the development of Thelper 17(Th17) cells in the asthmatic mice.METHODS:Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group, asthma group, normal saline group, anti-Dll4 antibody group, and immunoglobulin G group.The protein expression of Dll4 was detected by immunohistochemical staining.The proportion of Th17 cells in mouse spleen isolated CD4+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry.The protein expression of Th17 transcription factor retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) was determined by Western blot.The serum level of interleukin (IL)-17 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS:The expression of Dll4 in the lung tissues from asthma group significantly increased as compared with anti-Dll4 antibody group.The proportion of Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells was significantly down-regulated, and the protein expression of RORγt in the lung tissues was significantly reduced in anti-Dll4 antibody group compared with asthma group (P<0.05).Moreover, the serum level of IL-17 in anti-Dll4 antibody group was significantly reduced compared with asthma group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The blockade of Dll4-Notch signaling pathway inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells in asthmatic mice.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the antimicrobial resistance phenotype and molecular typing characteristics of Salmonella (S.) typhi and S. paratyphi in Jiangsu province from 2012 to 2015. Methods The samples were collected from typhoid and paratyphoid patients in Jiangsu province. The biochemical identification and serotyping were carried out after isolation and culture. Kirby-Bauer (K-B) testing was used to detect the drug susceptibility of the strains. The molecular typing characteristics of S. typhi and S. paratyphi were analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results The resistant rates of 134 S. typhi and S. paratyphi A strains to nalidixic acid were highest (61.2%and 86.7%), while the resistant rates to remaining antibiotics were less than 15.0%. Most of S. typhi and S. paratyphi A strains were resistant to only one antibiotic. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of S. typhi and S. paratyphi A accounted for 2.6% and 13.3%respectively. The composition of the all-sensitive strains of S. typhi increased by 44.3%in 2015, at the same time, there were also MDR S. pa ra typhi A strains, which were resistant to 5 and 6 antibiotics. S. paratyphi A could be divided into eight molecular patterns by PFGE, showing that the similarity between the MDR strains and other strains was relatively low. The S. paratyphi A strains with same pattern were resistant to same antibiotics. S. typhi could be divided into 68 molecular patterns by PFGE, with large variability between different patterns. There was no corresponding relationship between the patterns and the drug resistance characteristics. Conclusions The overall antibiotic resistance of S. typhi and S. paratyphi A strains showed a decreasing trend, but the number ofantibiotics to which they were resistant increased. PFGE patterns of S. typhi showed diversity without correspondence to antibiotic characteristics. PFGE patterns of S. paratyphi A were less with correspondence to antibiotic characteristics. We should pay more attention to key patterns in key areas.

Objective To explore the pregnancy outcomes in women whose fetal/embryonic heart rate( FHR) were below 120 beats per minute( bpm) before 8 weeks pregnancy and determine the predictive value of FHR in pregnancy outcome . Methods The laboratory examinations ,clinical data and clinical history of the pregnant women whose FHR were below 120 bpm before 8 weeks pregnancy were retrospectively analyzed . Results When gestational age(GA) was less than 8 weeks ,pregnancy loss was observed in 11 .0% ( 110/998 ) cases with an FHR less than or equal to 120 bpm ,and pregnancy loss occurred in all the cases ( 23/23) with an FHR less than or equal to 70 bpm . The proportions of first trimester loss were 86 .4% (19/22) for pregnancies with an FHR of 71 －80 bpm ,75 .7% (28/37) for pregnancies with an FHR of 81－90 bpm ,25 .5% (14/55) for pregnancies with an FHR of 91 －100 bpm , 6 .3% (13/208) for pregnancies with an FHR of 101 －110 bpm ,and 2 .0% (13/653) for pregnancies with an FHR of 111 －120 bpm .ROC analysis showed that the best cut-off value to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes was an FHR of 94 bpm . The area under the ROC curve was 0 .906 ( P ＜ 0 .0001 ) and its sensitivity and specificity values were 97 .86% and 71 .43% respectively . Conclusions Fetal/embryonic heart monitoring before 8-weeks pregnancy can be an effective predictor for early pregnancy outcome . The best cut-off value to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes is an FHR of 94 bpm .

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of norovirus outbreaks in schools in Xicheng District of Beijing from 2017 to 2022, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of norovirus outbreaks in schools. Methods: Data of norovirus outbreaks in schools in Xicheng District, Beijing during 2017 to 2022 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Realtime PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of group GⅠand GⅡnorovirus, the positive norovirus nucleic acid samples were sent to Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention for molecular typing. Results: From 2017 to 2022, 185 norovirus outbreaks were reported in schools in Xicheng District, including 166 cluster outbreaks and 19 outbreaks. A total of 2 044 cases were reported, with a total attack rate of 13.92%. There were two peaks in the outbreak time, which were from March to June after the spring semester and from October to December after autumn semester. Primary schools were the most common place of occurrence (101 cases), followed by nursery institutions (68 cases) and secondary schools (16 cases). There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates among different sites(12.37%, 22.78%, 8.47%, χ2=263.34, P<0.01). There were significant differences in the incidence of vomiting, diarrhea, nausea and stomachache among different students (χ2=263.33, 90.58, 20.42, 30.29, P<0.01). Vomiting was the main symptom in primary school and nursery school children (96.41%, 98.28%), and the diarrhea rate was higher in middle school students (68.22%). The outbreaks were mainly caused by type GⅡ norovirus. The genotype from 2017 to 2021 showed the characteristics of diversity, mainly GⅡ.2[P16], but there was no significant advantage for the GⅡ.2 [P16] during 2019 to 2021. Conclusions The norovirus outbreak in schools in Xicheng district of Beijing from 2017 to 2022 are mainly caused by GⅡ type genome. The main genotype is GⅡ.2[P16]. Norovirus infection mainly occurred in primary schools and kindergartens. For the vulnerable populations, it is necessary to improve the capacity to early identification, student infectious disease management, active infection control and prevention measures, and pathogen surveillance and sporadic case monitoring.

Objective:To explore the application of COVID-19-specific IgG antibody in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection.Method:Omicron BF.7/BA.5 naturally infected population, healthy population vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine, and Omicron BF.7/BA.5 breakthrough cases were enrolled into this study. The serum WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG were detected by indirect ELISA, and the serum-specific IgG antibody levels of different populations were compared. The application value of the two antibody titers and the ratio of the two antibodies in identifying Omicron BA.5 epidemic strain infection were explored by the ROC curve, aiming to provide technical support for pathogen diagnosis.Results:The antibody titers of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in the breakthrough cases were higher than those in the naturally infected population and the healthy population ( P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection was 0.947 and 0.961, respectively. The AUC of BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG antibody titer ratio was 0.873. When the antibody titer ratio was 0.855, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00% and 90.00%, respectively. According to the interval since the last infection, the AUC of the ratio of BA.5-S-IgG to WT-S-IgG antibody titer to identify the infection of epidemic strains less than 30 days and more than 30 days was 0.887 and 0.863, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity were both above 80%. Conclusion:Both BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG, as well as the combination of these two antibodies, are of high value in the identification of epidemic strains.

Objective:To explore the application of COVID-19-specific IgG antibody in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection.Method:Omicron BF.7/BA.5 naturally infected population, healthy population vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine, and Omicron BF.7/BA.5 breakthrough cases were enrolled into this study. The serum WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG were detected by indirect ELISA, and the serum-specific IgG antibody levels of different populations were compared. The application value of the two antibody titers and the ratio of the two antibodies in identifying Omicron BA.5 epidemic strain infection were explored by the ROC curve, aiming to provide technical support for pathogen diagnosis.Results:The antibody titers of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in the breakthrough cases were higher than those in the naturally infected population and the healthy population ( P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection was 0.947 and 0.961, respectively. The AUC of BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG antibody titer ratio was 0.873. When the antibody titer ratio was 0.855, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00% and 90.00%, respectively. According to the interval since the last infection, the AUC of the ratio of BA.5-S-IgG to WT-S-IgG antibody titer to identify the infection of epidemic strains less than 30 days and more than 30 days was 0.887 and 0.863, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity were both above 80%. Conclusion:Both BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG, as well as the combination of these two antibodies, are of high value in the identification of epidemic strains.

Objective:To evaluate the detection ability of two kinds of high-throughput method to determine neutralizing antibodies based on a microneutralization test (MNT).Methods:Serum samples were collected from the early phase and follow-up period (117 samples in total) for neutralizing antibody testing. They were tested using MNT, pseudovirus neutralization assay (PBNA), competitive inhibition assay (including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA)) to evaluate the correlation coefficients and threshold values for the effectiveness of these high-throughput neutralizing antibody assays.Results:The correlation coefficients for PBNA, ELISA, and CLIA relative to MNT were 0.760, 0.778, and 0.725, respectively, for individuals infected with 2019-nCoV. The area under the ROC curve was 0.901 for a cutoff value of 50 for the PBNA assay, 0.934 for a cutoff value of 1∶8 for the ELISA assay and 0.838 for a cutoff value of 1.28AU/ml for the CLIA assay when the threshold value for the microneutralization test was taken as 1: 10 (less than 1: 10 is considered negative).Conclusions:The high-throughput method for the detection of COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies are scientific and feasible, and provide an important technical tool for the regular prevention and control of the epidemic.

Objective:To clarify the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Huoxue recipe in the treatment of liver fibrosis of chronic viral hepatitis.Methods:An open, positive-drug, parallel-controlled study method was applied. A total of 207 cases of liver fibrosis with chronic hepatitis B and C diagnosed with liver biopsy and transient elastography were selected. According to the principle of syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine, self-made Yiqi Huoxue recipe ( n = 127) and Fuzheng Huayu capsule ( n = 80) were used for the treatment course of 24-48 weeks. Change score of TCM symptom, liver biochemistry, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and noninvasive liver fibrosis index [aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4)] were compared between the two groups to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Yiqi Huoxue recipe on liver fibrosis. Results:Yiqi Huoxue recipe group and Fuzheng Huayu capsule group baseline LSM, APRI and FIB-4 was compared, and there was no statistically significant difference between them ( P > 0.05). Yiqi Huoxue recipe and Fuzheng Huayu capsule received patients had improved symptom scores to a certain extent. Hepatic facies, discomfort over liver area, and soreness and weakness of waist and knees ( P < 0.05) was significantly improved in Yiqi Huoxue recipe than Fuzheng Huayu capsule. Liver biochemical indicators (ALT, AST, GGT, ALP) had gradually relapsed with the extension of treatment duration and the normalization rate between the two groups after 24 to 48 weeks had reached 100% vs. 100%, 100% vs. 93.8%, 96.8% vs. 92.3% and 87.5% vs. 81.8%. After 12 weeks of treatment, APRI values ??of both groups had significantly reduced, and after 48 weeks of treatment, LSM values of both groups had significantly improved. Moreover, Yiqi Huoxue recipe FIB-4 score was significantly improved after 48 weeks of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant compared to Fuzheng Huayu capsule group ( P < 0.05). After treatment, LSM, APRI, and FIB-4 total effectiveness in the two groups were 80.0% vs. 63.6%, P = 0.046; 68.4% vs. 52.0%, P = 0.052; 68.4% vs. 62.0%, P = 0.437, respectively. LSM total effectiveness was significantly higher in Yiqi Huoxue recipe treated group than Fuzheng Huayu capsule group. Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue decoction can be used as an optimal treatment for liver fibrosis of chronic viral hepatitis.

The discussion and research on the clinical dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） have attracted increasing attention. Through approaches including modern technology， evidence-based medical methods， and multi-disciplinary treatment， we should construct a sound TCM inheritance and innovation system， establish a collaborative innovation mechanism， and integrate major research projects， striving to make breakthroughs in TCM theory， methodology， standards， and regulation system， promoting the scientific and technological progress of TCM， and thereby improving its curative effect. The China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） carried out a series of youth salon seminars for clinical dominant diseases in TCM， discussing and sorting out the advantages of the dominant diseases in clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in specific diseases or fields. Authoritative experts in the industry were invited to give comment and guidance to form a report. Centering on clinical research of dominant diseases， thematic research was carried out in the aspects of practice， human experience-based evidence， and transformation path. Through the systematic study of the dominant diseases， the advantages of TCM in different stages of disease treatment were excavated to constantly improve the prevention and treatment ability of TCM and carry forward the advancement of TCM theory and practice. At the same time， the communication and understanding between traditional Chinese and western medicine were improved， laying the foundation for the further formation of industry guidelines or consensus and comprehensive promotion. These seminars are expected to provide references for the development of policy planning， clinical diagnosis and treatment， health economy， and social services in TCM and lay the foundation for the formation of a new modern diagnosis and treatment system with Chinese characteristics.