Objective To evaluate the position of the fetal conus medullaris during pregnancy and its value in detecting tethered cord syndrome(TCS). Methods Nine hundred and seventy-four normal fetuses and 46 fetuses with TCS between 15 and 41 weeks gestation were involved in the study.Parameters D 1 (the distance between the end of the conus medullaris and the caudal edge of last vertebral body ossification center) and D2 (the distance from the end of the conus medullaris to the caudal skin namely the intersection point of the extending line of D1 and the skin) were measured in the caudal midsagittal plane of the spine. Sixty normal fetuses were chosed randomly for interobserver variability.Correlation analysis between these two parameters and gestational age(GA) were conducted and the normal reference value of these parameters were calculated in normal group. The ratios of growth parameters ( Biparietal diameter, Head circumference,Abdominal circumference,Femur length) to D1 and D2 were calculated separately to observe the difference of the ratios between two groups. All the parameters and ratios of normal fetuses were compared with that of TCS cases.Results There was no significant difference in D1 and D2 between two observers.A significant linear correlation between the parameters and GA was found in normal group,linear regression equations were D1=0.251 GA -2.265 cm (R2=0.926,P <0.01) and D2=0.267 GA -1.812 cm(R2=0.928,P <0.01),respectively.D1 and D2 were much lower in normal group than in abnormal group (all P <0.01). The ratios of the growth parameters to D1 and D2 were relatively stable and had statistically differences between two groups in different gestational age. Conclusions The methods that determination of D1 and D2 are simple and feasible,and could help to the prenatal diagnosis of TCS.

Objective To explore the prenatal care before pregnant for women having plan to get second child, and to provide references for the development and guidance of the nursing work for the second pregnant women.Methods From January to October 2015, 1028 pregnant ages women who had plan to have second child were randomly selected and divided into control group and experimental group according to the order of entry into Maternal and Child Health Care Center. The control group (n=514) received routine pre-pregnancy care, while the experimental group (n=514) were given combined nursing intervention. All the women were followed up for 18 to 24 months. The results of the two groups before and after the intervention were analyzed in preconception eugenic health examination related knowledge of the situation. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the mental state and the compliance of pre-pregnancy health examination were compared.Results Compared with the control group, the knowledge of prenatal health examination was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group, as well as health examination, inherited diseases, risk assessment, and pregnant related health knowledge (P<0.05). After the intervention, the scores of the two groups were significantly lower than that before intervention in SDS and SAS, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); after intervention, SDS, SAS and other psychological scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The compliance of the experimental group after intervention was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions Nursing intervention can significantly improve the health knowledge of women having second child plan, and the awareness rate is improved after intervention. The effect of nursing intervention on improving the psychological status of pregnant women is satisfactory.

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention of national free progestation eugenic health examination on service objects planned to pregnancy.Methods A total of 872 couples in Panyu District of Guangzhou were selected from January 2014 to January 2016 based on convenient sampling. All of them complied with family planning policy, planned to pregnancy and received national free progestation eugenic health examination. The participants were divided into control group (n=436) and observation group (n=436) according to the method of lottery. The control group received national free eugenic health examination, and the observation group received additional nursing care and comprehensive guidance based on the control group. The distribution of high-risk factors of the couples was recorded. The knowledge of birth defects and progestational eugenics and the pregnancy outcomes were observed.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of reproductive tract infection, pre-pregnancy virus screening, abnormal pre-pregnancy laboratory findings, adverse pregnancy outcome, family history of high risk, wife/husband environmental exposure, and other high-risk factors between two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in health and nutrition during pregnancy, the optimal reproductive age, the importance of progestation examination, the normal physiological process of pregnancy, the time of folic acid supplementation, and the prevention of birth defects between two groups (P<0.05). The observation group had significantly higher normal pregnancy rate and lower miscarriage and stillbirth rate compared with the control group (95.15% vs. 85.82% for normal pregnancy; 2.99% vs. 13.42% for miscarriage; 0.75% vs. 1.87% for stillbirth;P<0.05).Conclusions Nursing intervention in progestation eugenic health examination can effectively improve the eugenic knowledge, attitude and behavior, and the outcome of pregnancy. It can reduce the risk of birth defects.

Objective This study proposes a chairside digital design and manufacturing method for band and loop space maintainers and preliminarily validates its clinical feasibility.Methods Clinical cases of 10 children requiring space maintenance caused by premature loss of primary teeth were collected.Intraoral scan data of the affected children were also collected to establish digital models of the missing teeth.Using a pediatric band and loop space maintainer de-sign software developed by our research team,a rapid personalized design of band and loop structures was achieved,and a digital model of an integrated band and loop space maintainer was ultimately generated.A chairside space maintainer was manufactured through metal computer numerical control machining for the experimental group,whereas metal 3D printing in the dental laboratory was used for the control group.A model fitting assessment was conducted for the space maintainers of both groups,and senior pediatric dental experts were invited to evaluate the clinical feasibility of the space maintainers with regard to fit and stability using the visual analogue scale scoring system.Statistical analysis was also performed.Results The time spent in designing and manufacturing the 10 space maintainers of the experimental group was all less than 1 h.Statistical analysis of expert ratings showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group with regard to fit and stability.Both types of space maintainers met clinical requirements.Conclusion The chairside digital design and manufacturing method for pediatric band and loop space maintainers proposed in this study can achieve same-day fitting of space maintainers at the first appointment,demonstrating good clinical feasibility and significant potential for clinical application.

In the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by dysregulated lipid metabolism in hepatocytes, the quest for safe and effective therapeutics targeting lipid metabolism has gained paramount importance. Sanhuang Xiexin Tang (SXT) and Baihu Tang (BHT) have emerged as prominent candidates for treating metabolic disorders. SXT combined with BHT plus Cangzhu (SBC) has been used clinically for Weihuochisheng obese patients. This retrospective analysis focused on assessing the anti-obesity effects of SBC in Weihuochisheng obese patients. We observed significant reductions in body weight and hepatic lipid content among obese patients following SBC treatment. To gain further insights, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of SBC in HFD-fed mice. The results demonstrated that SBC treatment mitigated body weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation in HFD-fed mice. Pharmacological network analysis suggested that SBC may affect lipid metabolism, mitochondria, inflammation, and apoptosis-a hypothesis supported by the hepatic transcriptomic analysis in HFD-fed mice treated with SBC. Notably, SBC treatment was associated with enhanced hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and the inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/NF-κB pathways. In conclusion, SBC treatment alleviates NAFLD in both obese patients and mouse models by improving lipid metabolism, potentially through enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. These effects, in turn, ameliorate inflammation in hepatocytes.
Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism* ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Organelle Biogenesis ; Retrospective Studies ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Obesity/metabolism* ; Liver ; Inflammation/metabolism* ; Body Weight ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipids ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects*