ObjectiveThe full name of vertebroplasty is percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). It is a clinical technique that injects bone cement into the diseased vertebral body to achieve strengthening of the vertebra. The research on the safety and efficacy of bone cement is the basis for clinical application. In this study, vertebroplasty is used to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of Tecres and radiopaque bone cement in experimental pigs, and to determine the puncture method suitable for pigs and the pre-clinical evaluation method for the safety and efficacy of bone cement. MethodsTwenty-four experimental pigs (with a body weight of 60-80 kg) were randomly divided into an experimental group (Group A) and a control group (Group B). Group A was the Tecres bone cement group, and Group B was the radiopaque bone cement group, with 12 pigs in each group. Under the monitoring of a C-arm X-ray machine, the materials were implanted into the 1st lumbar vertebra (L1) and 4th lumbar vertebra (L4) of the pigs via percutaneous puncture using the unilateral pedicle approach. The animals were euthanized at 4 weeks and 26 weeks after the operation, respectively. The L4 vertebrae were taken for compressive strength testing, and the L1 vertebrae were taken for hard tissue pathological examination to observe the inflammatory response, bone necrosis, and degree of osseointegration at the implantation site. ResultsThe test results of compressive strength between groups A and B showed no significant difference at 4 weeks and 26 weeks after bone cement implantation (P > 0.05). Observation under an optical microscope (×100) revealed that at 4 weeks postoperatively, both groups A and B showed that the bone cement was surrounded by proliferative fibrous tissue, with lymphocyte infiltration around it. The bone cement was combined with bone tissue, the trabecular arrangement was disordered, and osteoblasts and a small amount of osteoid were formed. At 26 weeks postoperatively, bone cement was visible in both groups A and B. The new bone tissue was mineralized, the trabeculae were fused, the trabecular structure was regular and dense with good continuity, and no obvious inflammatory reaction was observed. ConclusionIn experimental pig vertebrae, there were no significant differences observed in the compressive strength, inflammation response, bone destruction, and integration with the bone between Tecres and non-radiopaque bone cement. Both exhibited good biocompatibility and osteogenic properties. It indicates that using vertebroplasty to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bone cement in pigs is scientifically sound.

Objective:To establish HPLC fingerprints of Aristolochia contorta and honey-processed Aristolochia contorta; To analyze the changes of chemical components before and after honey processing with multivariate statistics; To provide a reference for the study on the toxicity reduction of Aristolochia contorta.Methods:The fingerprints of 11 batches of Aristolochia contorta and honey-processed Aristolochia contorta were established through HPLC. Clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and independent sample t-test were used to compare the changes of chemical components of Aristolochia contorta before and after honey processing.Results:The results showed that there were 14 common peaks in the fingerprints of Aristolochia contorta and Aristolochia contorta. 7 common peaks were identified. Both HCA and PCA could clearly distinguish the samples of Aristolochia contorta before and after honey processing. OPLS-DA found and screened 7 differential markers, and the order of difference significance was peak 3 > peak 7 (7-hydroxy aristolochic acid A) > peak 5 (aristolochic acid C)> peak 8 (aristolochic acid D) > peak 6 > peak 2 (Magnolia alkaloid) > peak 14 (aristolochic acid Ⅰ). After honey processing, the content of chemical components represented by peaks 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 14 decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:This method is simple and specific, which can be used for the fingerprint analysis of Aristolochia contorta and honey-processed Aristolochia contorta, and can effectively distinguish Aristolochia contorta and honey-processed Aristolochia contorta, and provide a reference for the processing research of toxicity reduction of Aristolochia contorta honey processing.

Objective:To establish the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprint and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) content determination method of Curcumae Radix standard decoction; To predict the quality markers of Curcumae Radix standard decoction combined with network pharmacology.Methods:UPLC method was used to establish the fingerprint of Curcumae Radix standard decoction, and the common peaks were determined. Combined with chemical pattern recognition techniques such as similarity analysis and clustering analysis, Curcumae Radix standard decoction from different producing areas was studied, and curcumol was used as an index to determine the content of 24 batches of Curcumae Radix standard decoction. At the same time, network pharmacology was used to predict potential of curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one.Results:A total of 24 batches of Curcumae Radix standard decoction from different habitats were compared and analyzed, and 10 common peaks were calibrated. The similarity of 24 batches of samples ranged from 0.982 to 0.999. Clustering analysis and principal component analysis divided them into three categories. Heat map analysis showed that peak 8 (curcumol) and peak 9 ((1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one) were the main components. The content of curcumol in 24 batches of Curcumae Radix standard decoction was 0.69-1.87 mg/g; curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β- (3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one may regulate the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, calcium signaling, and excitation by regulating neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, calcium signaling, and excitation. It was preliminarily predicted that curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one were potential quality markers of Curcumae Radix.Conclusion:Curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one are potential quality markers of Curcumae Radix standard decoction, and the established fingerprint can be used for the quality control of Curcumae Radix standard decoction.

Multimorbidity is significantly associated with life quality decline, disability, and increased mortality risk. Additionally, it leads to greater consumption of healthcare resources, presenting substantial challenges to healthcare systems globally. To better assess the burden of multimorbidity, its impact on patient health outcomes and healthcare services, and to explore the underlying mechanisms in its development, this paper summarizes the existing methods used for measuring and analyzing multimorbidity in research and practice, including disease count, disease-weighted indices, multimorbidity pattern recognition (such as disease association analysis, clustering analysis, and network analysis) and longitudinal methods to provide references for the accurate assessment of the prevalence of multimorbidity and its changes and improve the validity and universality of research findings.

OBJECTIVE To observe the changes of static functional connectivity(sFC) and dynamic functional connectivity(dFC) of amygdala subregions in patients with bilateral idiopathic tinnitus and hearing loss(TINHL). METHODS The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) data of 30 patients with bilateral tinnitus and hearing loss and 37 normal controls(NCs) were collected to analyze the intensity changes of sFC and dFC in 8 subregions of amygdala and the whole brain in TINHL patients. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age,sex and education between the two groups. Compared with the NCs group,the sFC intensity of the right basolateral subregion and right cerebellar peduncle 1 region,the left basolateral subregion and left orbital medial frontal gyrus and left angular gyrus in TINHL group was significantly decreased. The dFC intensity of left amygdalostriatal subregion and left precuneus in TINHL group was increased,but the dFC intensity was reduced in the left basolateral subregion and right angular gyrus as well as between the right superficial subregion and right medial orbital of superior frontal gyrus. CONCLUSION Among the 8 subregions of amygdala,the bilateral basolateral subregions,the left amygdalostriatal subregion and the right superficial region shown abnormal functional connectivity with other regions of the brain,which are the important parts of emotional abnormalities in TINHL.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of visualized precise lung expansion for determining the intersegmental plane in thoracoscopic segmentectomy.Methods:Sixty-four American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, regardless of gender, aged 33-77 yr, with body mass index of 16-34 kg/m 2, undergoing elective thoracoscopic segmentectomy under general anesthesia, were included. They were preoperatively reconstructed with 3D CT bronchovascularization to reconstruct the pulmonary vasculature, bronchus, and the virtual intersegmental planes of the lungs. The patients were divided into 2 groups ( n=32 each) using a random number table method: visualized precise lung expansion group (group V) and modified expansion and atrophy group (group E). Group V used visualized precision lung expansion to determine the intersegmental planes, and group E used the modified expansion and atrophy method to determine the intersegmental planes. The intraoperative intersegmental plane determination time, target segmental bronchus identification and treatment time, anesthesia time, operation time, postoperative air leakage, pulmonary atelectasis, fever, occurrence of lung infection, postoperative 24 h drainage volume, drain removal time and hospitalization time were recorded in the two groups. Results:Compared with group E, the intersegmental plane determination time, target segment bronchial identification and treatment time, anesthesia time and operation time were significantly shortened in group V( P<0.05).There were no significant differences between groups in the 24 h postoperative drainage volume, drain removal time, hospitalization time or incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the modified expansion and atrophy method, visualized precise lung expansion can effectively shorten the intersegmental plane determination time in thoracoscopic segmentectomy.

Objective:To establish UPLC fingerprint method and 2 contents determination methods of Buddleja officinalis; To provide a reference for improving the quality control standard and evaluation of Buddleja officinalis from different habitats.Methods:UPLC method was used to establish the fingerprints of 17 batches of Buddleja officinalis. The similarity evaluation, clustering analysis, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to compare the quality differences of Buddleja officinalis from different habitats. The contents of acteoside and linarin in Buddleja officinalis were determined.Results:There were 12 common peaks in UPLC fingerprints of Buddleja officinalis, six of which were identified as echinacoside, acteoside, cynaroside, isoacteoside, linarin, and apigenin. The fingerprint similarity of 17 batches of Buddleja officinalis was more than 0.9; Buddleja officinalis from different habitats were classified into 2 groups. Five differential markers were determined by OPLS-DA analysis. The order of significance was acteoside > peak 3 > echinacoside > isoacteoside > linarin. Edgeworthia chrysantha was identified by the method of fingerprint as counterfeit. The results of content determination showed that the content of Buddleja officinalis in Hubei and Sichuan was the high and stable.Conclusion:The method can effectively analyze the differences of Buddleja officinalis from different habitats, and provide reference for the quality control of Buddleja officinalis.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of pedicle screw placement between computer navigation guidance and freehand assistance in the surgical treatment of isthmic spondylolysis at the lumbar vertebrae.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 47 patients with bilateral isthmic spondylolysis at the L 5 vertebra who had been treated at Department of Spinal Surgery, The General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command from January 2020 to April 2023. All were male patients with an age of (24.0±4.3) years. They were divided into a study group (13 cases subjected to pedicle screw placement assisted by computer navigation guidance) and a control group (34 cases subjected to pedicle screw placement assisted freehandedly). The 2 groups were compared in terms of surgical incision length, intraoperative bleeding, screw placement time, postoperative hospital stay, total hospitalization cost, postoperative complications, rate of screw reposition, angle between pedicle screw and upper endplate, angle between bilateral pedicle screws, and placement accuracy; the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score for lumbar spine function, and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were also compared between preoperation, 1-week postoperation, and the last follow-up. Patient satisfaction was assessed according to the modified MacNab criteria, and internal fixation failure and isthmic healing were also evaluated at the last follow-up. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P>0.05). The differences were not statistically significant in surgical incision length, intraoperative bleeding, screw placement time, postoperative hospital stay, or postoperative complications ( P>0.05). However, in the study group, the total hospitalization cost was significantly higher than that in the control group, the rate of screw reposition [7.7% (2/26)] significantly lower than that in the study group [26.5% (18/68)], the angle between pedicle screw and upper endplate and the angle between bilateral pedicle screws were both significantly smaller than those in the control group, and the placement accuracy [92.3% (24/26)] was significantly greater than that [70.6% (48/68)] in the control group (all P<0.05). All patients were followed up for 7.0 (5.0, 14.0) months. Patients in both groups showed significant improvements in VAS, JOA score, and ODI at postoperative 1 week and the last follow-up compared with the preoperative values, and the improvements at the last follow-up were significantly larger than those at postoperative 1 week ( P<0.05). According to the modified MacNab criteria at the last follow-up, patient satisfaction was rated as excellent in 10 cases, as good in 2 cases and as moderate in 1 case in the study group while as excellent in 27 cases, as good in 3 cases, as moderate in 3 cases and as poor in 1 case in the control group. In the study group, there were 1 case of internal fixation failure, 1 case of spine cutting-out by titanium cable, and 12 cases of bony healing of the isthmus; in the control group, there were 2 cases of internal fixation failure, 2 cases of spine cutting-out by titanium cable, and 29 cases of bony healing of the isthmus. Conclusions:In the surgical treatment of bilateral isthmic spondylolysis at the L 5 vertebra, computer navigation-guided pedicle screw placement is safe and reliable, showing an advantage of higher accuracy over freehand placement. It deserves clinical promotion due to its satisfactory therapeutic effects.

Objective To compare the effect of routine speech training and computer-assisted training on post-stroke dysarthria. Methods From March,2021 to April,2023,72 patients with post-stroke dysarthria in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were ran-domly divided into control group(n=36)and experimental group(n=36).Both groups received routine rehabili-tation,while the control group received routine speech training,and the experimental group received computer-assisted training,for four weeks.They were assessed with modified Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment(m-FDA)and Speech Intelligibility(SI)before and after intervention. Results Eight cases in the control group and one case in the experimental group dropped down.The scores of m-FDA and SI improved in both groups after treatment(|Z|＞4.183,P＜0.001),and there was no significant difference between two groups(|Z|＜1.598,P＞0.05).Noninferiority of m-FDA was found between two groups(|t|＞3.656,P＜0.001). Conclusion Computer-assisted training could improve the speech function of patients with post-stroke dysarthria,simi-lar to routine speech training.

At present, the research on Global Health Competencies is mainly conducted in the field of the establishment of competency models and application of indicators. This review summarizes the research progress of the Global Health Competency and its models, and focuses on cutting-edge research from the aspects of target audience, purpose, content, classical model, methods and future development. The competency model is suggested to be adjusted and updated according to the practices of different countries and regions. The research and funding of the competency model in the field of public health is suggested to be strengthened, and the global health and diplomacy are suggested to be combined to enrich and improve the competency model. Finally, this review aims to promote Global Health Competencies research in China, especially to improve the global health talent training system and relevant policies in further research.