Objective:To investigate the minimal local anesthetic dose(MLAD) of bupivacaine for caesarean section in combined spinal-epidural anesthesia(CSEA).Methods:Designed by up-and-down,34 parturients who met the standards were given bupivacaine as planned dose gradient.Hemodynamics were monitored continuously,untoward effects were observed and APGAR of the neonates were given.Results:The MLAD of bupivacaine which is used in CSEA for caesarean section is 5.03 mg(4.1～5.1 mg),and that of ED90 and ED95 are 7.15 mg,7.89 mg respectively.Conclusion:The clinical easy to use dose of bupivacaine is 7.5 mg which is used in CSEA for most parturients.

Objective:To compare the myocardial toxicity and the influence of MLAC—ropivacaine and MLAC—bupivacaine on myocardial zymogram of parturients during the first stage of labor while using epidural block for pain relief,and to provide experimental bases for choosing reasonable local anesthetics for labor analgesia.Methods:20 parturients were chosen and divided into two groups randomly (one is bupivacaine group,the other ropivacaine group).Each parturient received 20ml of MlAC-anesthetics at the required time.Blood samples were obtained from 20 parturients at different intervals and blood serum from these samples were preserved at -70℃ to determine their AST,LDH,CK-MB,and also to evaluate the analgesic effect,monitor and manage these parturients and fetus after analgesia.Results:There were no significant difference in the following aspects:(1)general data (2) obstetric character (3) analgesic effect,vital signs (4) Apgar scores of neonates (5) partal pattern (6) bleeding volume (7) myocardial zymogram between groups at each time point.There were significant difference in myocardial zymogram at different time.Conclusion:The change in myocardial zymogram is correlated to birth process,but it has nothing to do with analgesic formula.Both MLAC-ropivacaine and MLAC-bupivacaine are safe and effecive for pain relief during the first stage of labor by epidural block.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small,non-coding,single-stand RNA molecules which are composed of 21-25 ribonucleotides.They regulate gene expression at post-transcription and participate in many important biological processes including cell growth,apoptosis,viral infection and cancer development.At present,the studies on miRNAs in cervical lesion include miRNAs expression characteristic of cervical cancer and precancerous lesion,the association with HPV infection and prognosis of cervical lesion,cervical cancer development,diagnosis and therapy.

Communication barriers between doctors and patients are the main reasons leading to contradictions between doctors and patients. The paper analyzes the existing barriers in the information communication process, including language barrier, time barrier and communication psychological barrier, some possible strategies of dredging are proposed such as popularizing the medical information, establishing communication mechanism between doctors and patients, and improve the communication ability of doctors.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the curative effect of Zhenggu qutong tincture on acute soft tissue injury. METHODS:140 cases of acute soft tissue injury were treated with Zhenggu qutong tincture (treatment group) and Xiaoshangtong linimentum (control group) for 6 times each day (interval of 2 h) with cure course of seven days. The total effective rate and obvious effective rate were observed while the improvement of symptoms such as pain, tenderness, swelling, dysfunction and ecchymosis were also determined. RESULTS: The total effective rates were 94.29% for treatment group and 77.14% for control group while obvious effective rates were 74.28% and 37.14% respectively with significant difference (P

This paper analyzes that information techniques have agreat dmpact on the construction of literature resource.It also presents problems involved in the current information resources development in a special library.Based on the above analysis,the authors put some suggestions in order to improve the quality of the literature resource construction.

Objective To explore the effects of modified long-term low concentration caudal blocking in medium-term drug induced odinopoeia.Methods According to the digital table,63 patients received drug induced odinopoeia were divided randomly into the control group(without analgesis)and treatment group(analgesis).The control group were treated with caudal blocking with mifepristone,premelle and ethacridine lactate.The treatment group received additional treatments of 0.75％ bupivacaine hydrochloride + 2％ lidocaine hydrochloride + morphine sulfate injection based on treatment of the control group.The duration of labor,bleeding volume and severity of pain were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results The duration of labor of the treatment group was (5.33 ±3.77) h,which was significantly shorter than that of the control group [(7.88 ± 2.62) h] (t =8.01,P ＜ 0.05).The severity of pain of the treatment group were all better than those of the control group(all P ＜0.05).There was no significantly statistificant difference in bleeding volume between the two groups (t =4.63,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Application of modified long-term low concentration caudal blocking in medium-term drug induced odinopoeia has confirmed analgesis effects,and can shorten duration of labor without increasing bleeding volume.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of long-term aerobic exercise on the heart and sympathetic neural remodeling ( structure and function remodeling) in heart failure rats induced by myocardial infarction.METHODS:Heart failure model after myocardial infarction was performed by ligating anterior descending coronary artery in the Wistar rats. Four weeks after operation, the rats were randomly divided into sham operation sedentary ( S) group, heart failure sedenta-ry ( H) group and heart failure exercise ( HE) group.The animals in HE group underwent 10-week treadmill running, while those in S group and H group were sustained in a resting state.The cardiac structure and function including left ven-tricular internal diameter at diastole ( LVIDd) , left ventricular internal diameter at systole ( LVIDs) , left ventricular anteri-
or wall diameter at diastole (LVAWDd), left ventricular anterior wall diameter at systole (LVAWDs), left ventricular pos-terior wall diameter at diastole ( LVPWDd) and left ventricular posterior wall diameter at systole ( LVPWDs) , and cardiac function parameters including fractional shortening (FS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured by echocardiography.The myocardium was collected for histopathological observation with Masson staining, and the collagen volume fraction ( CVF) was determined.The concentrations of norepinephrine ( NE) in the myocardium and plasma were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography.The frequency domain analysis was applied for determining the heart rate variability (HRV) via subcutaneous recording electrode involving total power (TP), normalized low power (LFn), nor-malized high power ( HFn) and LF/HF ratio.The mRNA expression of collagen type I ( Col-I) , collagen type III ( Col-III) , atrial natriuretic factor ( ANF) ,α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) ,β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) , sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) was detected by real-time PCR.The protein levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptor (TrkA), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured by Western blotting.RESULTS:(1) Compared with S group, body weight ( BW) , LVIDd, FS, LVEF, TP, HFn, the mRNA expression ofα-MHC and SER-CA2a, and the protein levels of NGF, TrkA and TH decreased (P<0.05).Left ventricular weight (LVW), left ventricu-lar mass index (LVMI), LVAWDd, LVAWDs, LVPWDd, LVPWDs, CVF, plasma and myocardial NE content, LFn, LF/HF, and the mRNA expression of ANF,β-MHC, Col-I and Col-III increased ( P<0.05) in H group.(2) Compared with H group, LVW, LVMI, LVIDd, FS, LVEF, TP, HFn, the mRNA expression ofα-MHC and SERCA2a, and the pro-tein levels of NGF, TrkA and TH were raised (P<0.05), while CVF, plasma and myocardial NE content, LFn, LF/HF, and the mRNA expression of ANF, β-MHC, Col-I and Col-III decreased ( P<0.05 ) in HE group.CONCLUSION:Long-term aerobic exercise training leads to inhibition of heart and sympathetic neural remodeling and improvement of cardi-ac function and autonomic modulation in the rats after myocardial infarction.

PET/CT is often used in the management of patients with lymphoma ,and have been recom-mended for the staging and response assessment in diffuse large B -cell lymphoma and Hodgkin ,slymphoma .Al-though follicular lymphoma is almost always 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose avid ,PET/CT is not routinely used in the clinical practice of follicular lymphoma .But there is a growing body of literature supporting the use of PET /CT in follicular lymphoma.Therefore,on the application of PET/CT in follicular lymphoma ,we review the recent litera-tures in this paper .

Objective To analysis the causes and characteristic of cracked teeth with pulpitis and explore clinical diagnosis and treatment methods.Methods A total of 78 tooth that was identified as a cracked tooth with pulpitis was recorded and analyzed in terms of the age,the position in the mouth,and the location of crack-line.After reducing the cusp height,root canal therapy and crown restoration,the patients were followed up for one year and the treatment effectiveness was reviewed.Results The most prevalent age was 39-49 years.The most of cracked teeth were found in the maxillary molars.There were 65 cases (83.33%)that were treated successfully,the function of 1 1 cases (14.10%)were improved,and the rate of failure were 2.56% (2 cases).Conclu-sion Reasonable clinical diagnosis and treatment can contribute to the retention of the cracked teeth.Coronal restoration after root canal therapy might be a very effective way to treat cracked teeth with pulpitis.