Objective To explore the value of using the characteristic P wave of the intracavitary electrocardiogram (ECG) in positioning the tips of the peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC).Methods Totally 201 patients with PICC from December 1,2015 to February 29,2016 were enrolled in this study.The characteristic P wave of the intracavitary ECG was applied to locate the PICC tips.The pre-determined depth of catheter insertion (Y),highest P wave (L),and actual insertion depth (Z) were recorded.Chest radiography was performed after a successful insertion of PICC.The optimal depth (H) was recorded.Then we observed the sensitivity of P wave in positioning PICC tips,the operative time of positioning PICC tip with intracavitary ECG,and the difference in the predicted depth and the actual depth of PICC insertion.Results The sensitivity of the intracavitary ECG in positioning PICC tips was 100％.The operation time of the intracavitary ECG in guiding PICC tip was significantly shorter than the that of ultrasonic diagnosis of ectopic PICC [(3.4 ± 2.4) min vs.(5.6 ± 3.4) min] (P =0.006 9).The actual depth of ECG-guided positioning was significantly more accurate than the predicted depth [(0.4 ± 0.1) cm vs.(3.9 ± 0.8) cm] (P =0.007 2).L minused Z averaged (4.3 ± 1.6) cm.Conclusion Positioning PICC tips with ECG is simple,accurate,and easy to learn,and it is worth to be widely used in clinical settings.

Objective To investigate clinical features , outcomes and prognosis gerontol delirium . Methods Patients with gerontol delirium diagnosed between January 2011 and January 2013 were identified by a retrospective review of records in the Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command .Totally 132 patients were included , 59 females and 73 males, with a median age of 71.4 years (range 65-97).The diagnostic criteria were based on the DSM-Ⅳ and Delirium Rating Scale.Dementia, depression, mental retardation and other cognitive dysfunction were excluded .General condition of patients , etiology , clinical features , treatment and prognosis were all performed using the SPSS 20.0 for windows.A P value of <0.05 was considered as significant . Results Disturbance of consciousness were observed in all 132 patients.Old age, coma and serious infection in the course , endotracheal intuba-tion and(or) tracheotomy, a variety of basic diseases all come up with poor prognosis . Conclusion Delirium progresses quickly. Etiological treatment can help to control the conditions of delirium .

Objective To make sure whether Bcrp1 is the marker of cervical cancer stem-like cells or not by studying the characterization of Bcrp1+ HeLa cells.Methods Immunofluorescence stained flow cytometry and electron microacope were used to sort and observe uhrastructures of Bctp1+ and Bcrp1- HeLa cells.Flow cytometry wag used to identify the cycle and the rate of apoptosis with annexin V in two group cells.The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)and caspase-3 were tested using western blot methed.Results (1)There were 7.1% Bcrp1+ cells and 92.9% Bcrol- cells in HeLa cells.Bcrp1+ HeLa cells were large in size of nuclear and nucleoli are clear.and there were rich of cytomicrosome and rough endoplasmic reticulum.After sorted and cultured for 24,48,72 hours,the adhesion in Bcrp1+ cells were 72.8%,81.1%,80.4%,respectively.While,they were 3.3%,18.7%,12.6%at each time for Bcrpl- cells(all P<0. 05 ). (2) There are more S phase cells in Bcrp1+ cells than that in Bcrp1- cells (54. 1% vs 21.1%, P <0. 05) ,while the percentage of G0/G1 and G2/M in Bcrp1 - cells were highter than those in Bcrp1 + cells (53.0% vs 44. 4% ,25.9% vs 1.5% ; all P <0. 05 ). The rate of apoptosis in Bcrp1+ cells was lower than that in Bcrp1 - cells (0. 2% vs 5.3%, P < 0. 05 ). ( 3 ) The expression of PCNA in Bcrp1 + cells was higher than that in Bcrp1- cells (3140 vs 2255, P< 0. 05 ), while the expression of caspase-3 of Bcrpl + cells was lower than that in Bcrp1 - cells ( 1970 vs 3551, P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion There are more vigor and ability of proliferation and lower rate of apeptosis in Bcrp1 + HeLa cells than those in Bcrp1 - cells ,which may be some characters of cervical cancer stem cells.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the cardiac AMP-activated protein kinase ( AMPK) activity and the effects of AMPK activator on cardiac structure and function in the mice with different β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) stimulation patterns . METHODS:Male BALB/c mice were subcutaneously injected with AMPK activator ( AICAR, 250 mg· kg -1 · d-1 ) or saline, and infused with β-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO, 5 mg· kg-1· d-1) for 14 d.The cardiac functions were evalu-ated by echocardiography or hemodynamic method , and the hearts were harvested after infusion cessation immediately or 3 d later.Phosphorylated AMPK ( p-AMPK) was measured by Western blot .RESULTS:Sustained ISO infusion increased p-AMPK level.AICAR did not further increase p-AMPK but attenuated ISO-induced increase in heart weight .Sustained ISO infusion increased cardiac systolic function as indicated by left ventricular fractional shortening ( FS) and maximum rate of pressure rise (+dp/dtmax).The cardiac systolic function was not further increased by AICAR .The cardiac diastolic func-tion as indicated by left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was not different in each group .In contrast, cardiac p-AMPK level was similar between the control mice and the mice with sustained ISO infusion and ceased infusion for 3 d. In this model, AICAR improved the cardiac systolic and diastolic functions , which were impaired by ISO.Moreover, the increased pattern of p-AMPK level was similar with that of heart rate upon ISO stimulation .CONCLUSION: Sustained ISO infusion increases p-AMPK.After ISO infusion cessation for 3 d, p-AMPK is decreased to the basal level .β-AR-in-duced inotropic effects should be avoided to investigate the cardioprotective role of AMPK activation in the β-AR stimulation models.

Objective:To find the discrepancies caused by HLA B gene variants in HLA B antigen homozygotes which were typed again by DNA method.Methods:75 blood samples assigned HLA B homozygotes by serology were typed and detected HLA B expression variants by PCR SSP.Results:The 12 samples had been assigned the second alleles by DNA method in 75 HLA B homozygotes by serology.One out of 12 samples was identified expression variant by PCR SSP.The null allele was caused by the insertion of an extra cytosine at the beginning of exon 4.Conclusion:HLA B gene typing by PCR SSP will be the use of supplement to serology.The expression variant detection by PCR SSP will improve accuracy for tissue typing and benefit clinical application.

AIM: To optimize the extraction process of the total flavonoids of Pollen typhae. METHODS: The optimum extraction process was selected with the orthogonal design (L 27 (3 13 )), using the contents of typhaneoside and isorhamnetin 3 O neohesperidoside as the evaluating criteria. RESULTS: The significant effects of alcohol concentration, extraction time and extraction times on the extraction of the total flavonoids of Pollen typhae were discovered. CONCLUSION: The optimum extraction process was as follows: Pollen typhae was extracted with 40% alcohol for two times, each with the solvent volume 14 times of the weight of the raw materials and extraction time for 3 h.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment of tricuspid valve regurgitation after valve replacement.Methods Twenty one patients with tricuspid valve insufficiency after valve replacement were performed surgical treatment.Tricuspid valve-plasty was performed in 17 patients and tricuspid valve replacement was done in 4 patients.Three patients underwent edge-to-edge tricuspid valveplasty.DeVega procedure was performed in 5 patients.Cosgrove-Edward annuloplasty ring was used in 15 patients.Four patients' valve were replaced by SJM bileallet mechanical prostheses.Results There was 3 patients dead early after operation with a mortality of 14.3％(3/21).The causes of death including multiple organ failure,cardiac arrest and low cardiac output syndrome.The rate of early postoperative complications was 33.3％ (7/21),including pulmonary edema,arrhythmia,acute renal failure and low cardiac output syndrome.The patients were followed up 9-60 months.The rate of readmission was 23.8％ (5/21).Two patients went to hospital again for pleural effusion,1 patient for left ventricular dysfunction and 2 patients for right ventricular dysfunction.The other patients recovered well.Conclusions Surgical therapy is effective on severe tricuspid valve regurgitation after valve replacement.Preoperative aggressive treatment of heart failure,a reasonable grasp of surgical indications and timing of surgery,strict perioperative management are the keys to guarantee patients a smooth recovery.

OBJECTIVE　To study the bioequivalence of methylprednisolone (MP) tablets in healthy volunteers.METHOD　A rapid and sensitive RP-HPLC assay was modified for the determination of the drug levels in plasma. In a randomized two-way crossover design, 40 mg single dose po domestic (B) and imported (A, MedrolTM) MP tablets, respectively, were given to 18 male healthy volunteers. The parameters were estimated by non-compartment model with a statistic analysis of ANOVA and two one-side t-test.RESULTS　The tmax,cmax,t1/2 and AUC0～∞ of tablet-B and-A were (1.9±0.5) h and (2.1±0.5) h, (597.6±119.8 ) ng*mL-1 and (572.6±121.7) ng*mL-1,(2.2±0.4) h and (2.3±0.4) h,(2528.4±558.8) h*ng*mL-1 and (2571.2±647.4) h*ng*mL-1,respectively.The mean relative bioavailability of the tablet-B vs A was 99.62%. There was no significant difference between the two products.CONCLUSION　The results suggested that these two products were bioequivalent.

AIM: To explore the effects of cholestoral and mevalonate synthesis inhibitor lovastatin (LOV) on the proliferation of NB4 cells and elucidate the mechanisms. METHODS: Cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay;the expression of H, K, N- ras oncogenes in NB4 cells at different time point after LOV treatment were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Both total p21 Ras protein and p21 Ras protein on the cellular membrane were examined by flow cytometry. RESULTS:①LOV inhibited the proliferation of NB4 cells. ②All three kinds of ras were expressed in NB4 cells. ③LOV caused no increase in H, K, N- ras mRNA level. Amount of total p21 Ras protein did not change as the time varied. Concomitantly,p21 Ras protein localized on the cellular membrane decreased. CONCLUSION:LOV inhibits the proliferation of NB4 cells. Targeting HMG-CoA reductase, LOV blocks the isoprenylation of p21 Ras protein which affects its anchorage on the cellular membrane. No change in the H, K, N- ras mRNA and total p21 Ras protein expression is detected.

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of the bone marrow cells transfected with human multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) on the reconstruction of murine hematopoietic function.METHODS: The mononuclear cells of the bone marrow from donors, BALB/C mice, treated with 5-Fu previously, were isolated and transfected with human multidrug resistance gene in vitro , then transplanted to the tertiary recipients. After lethal irradiation(8.5 Gy) and bone marrow transplantation, the recipients were selected with Taxol 7 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection, VCR 5 mg/kg or DNA 5 mg/kg intravenous injection. The survival rate and blood pictures of mice as well as the integration and expression of target gene MDR1 were studied. RESULTS: The lethal irradiated murine hematopoietic function could be reconstructed and protected from toxicity of high doses Taxol, VCR and DNR selection after reinfusing the hematopoietic progenitor cells containing human multidrug resistance gene (MDR1). The survival rate and survival time of experimental mice were higher than that in the control group. The integration and expression of MDR1 gene in recipients were confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR and FCM. CONCLUSION: The integration and expression of human multidrug resistance gene in recipients may play an important role in the reconstruction and protection of murine hematopoietic function.