Objective: In order to study how to accelerate the reconstitution immunofunction in BMT mice, first of all, we established a immunodeficiency model of BMT in BALB/C mice. Then BMT mice were injected with PCD-hIL-2 directly into skeletal muscle, and treated with traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: The experiment groups are designed as（A）Chinese medicine + PCD-hIL-2;（B）PCD-hIL-2;（C）Chinese medicine +hIL-2;（D）Chinese medicine;（E）hIL-2;（F）BMT;（G）normal control;（H）radiation control. Results: We compared groups A B C D to E or F groups, found（1）The splenocytes/thymocytes count increase obviously.（2）Killing activity of NK cell rises obviously in vivo.（3）The response of splenocytes、thymocytes、BM cells to mitogen goes up.（4）The reactivity of splenocytes to foreign IL-2 goes up. （5）CFU-GM count is increased. Conclusion: The expression of hIL-2 is very low by nude DNA injection ,but it is enough to have biological function and therapeutic effect .If only Chinese medicine was applied, the immunological condition was obviously recovered.

Objective To investigate the effects of artificial airway cuff pressure at different monitoring intervals on ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in critical patients. Methods About 56 patients treated with mechanical ventilation from January 2015 to December were grouped by ward numbers:32 patients in the south ward were in the experiment group and 24 in the north ward were in the control group. The two groups were given the same routine care, e.g., mechanical ventilation by endotracheal intubation. In the experiment group, the cuff pressure was controlled to 30cm H2O every six hours and the control group was every 4h. The two groups were compared in terms of the incidence of VAP during mechanical ventilation, occurrence time of VAP, duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality. Result The incidence of VAP during mechanical ventilation, occurrence time of VAP, duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality showed no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions For mechanically ventilated patients, the cuff pressure controlled to 30cm H2O every 6h can not increase the incidence of VAP, duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality. It can reduce the nursing workload.

Aortoiliac occlusive disease is a common and frequently-occurring disease of vascular surgery,and atherosclerosis is the main cause of its disease.Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC Ⅱ) D type of aortoiliac occlusive disease due to complex lesions,the preferred treatment method is aortobifemoral bypass.With the change of treatment concept,in-depth study of kiss stent,and the introduction of reconstruction of aortic bifurcation and integrated stent technology,endovascular therapies has achieved satisfactory short-term and long-term patency rates.At present,endovascular therapies has become the preferred treatment for TASC Ⅱ D aortoiliac occlusive disease.This article reviews the recent advances in endovascular therapies of TASC ⅡD aortoiliac occlusive disease.

Objective To explore.the effect of operative treatment for more than 70-year-old patients with osteoporotic hip fracture,and analyze the clinical feature,perioperative management and choices of operative treatment.Methods One hundred and fifty-nine patients of more than 70-year-old with osteoporotic hip fracture were operated from June 2007 to October 2010.Fracture type:38 cases with intertrochanteric fracture while femoral neck fracture in 121 cases.Results One hundred and thirty-five cases were followed up after operation ranging from 3 to 43 months.There were 2 cases by proximal femur nail internal fixation,13 cases by proximal femur locked plate internal fixation,15 cases by dynamic hip screwinternal fixation,48 cases by bipolar femoral head arthroplasty and 57 cases by total hip arthroplasty.The Harris scores of various surgical method above respectively were 100.0％ (2/2),76.9％ ( 10/13 ),80.0％(12/15),89.6％ (43/48),96.5％ (55/57).Conclusions The operation plays an important role in the treatment of elderly osteoporotic hip fracture,having so many advantages as earlier mobilization,less complications and better life quality.But it is important to pay attention to perioperative management and choose reasonable surgical approach according to classification of fracture.

BACKGROUND:Lateral retinacular release is effective to treat anterior knee pain, but it has not been confirmed through the parameters of the knee joint. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relevant parameters on the axial X-ray films of the patela before and after lateral retinacular release and then to find out the efficient parameters for patelofemoral joint disorders on the axial X-ray film of the patela, which are of most clinical significance. METHODS: Fifty patients with anterior knee pain were included randomly who admitted at the Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from February 2009 to December 2013, including 45 cases of Outerbridge I-III undergoing arthroscopic lateral retinacular release+articular cartilage repair and 5 cases of Outerbridge IV undergoing lateral retinacular release+knee joint surface replacement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After lateral retinacular release, the congruence angle, patelofemoral index and tilt angle were al reduced significantly (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01), but there was no change in the lateral patelofemoral angle (P > 0.05). The patelar trajectory restored to the corresponding central position of the femoral condyle, and meanwhile, no joint hematoma, deep vein thrombosis and patelar subluxation occurred. These findings indicate that the lateral retinacular release is of great significance for treatment of anterior knee pain induced by lateral patelofemoral compression.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of change in plasma cholesterol level in patients with sepsis, and to explore its relationship with prognosis and its clinical significance. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted. 568 patients with sepsis admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from August 2013 to August 2015 were enrolled, and 475 patients without sepsis hospitalized in the same period served as the control. The basic clinical data of the two groups were collected, and the results of blood fat and biochemical parameters were compared. The patients with sepsis were divided into death group and survival group, and risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients with sepsis were analyzed with multivariate logistic model regression analysis. Results Compared with non-sepsis patients, the levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the patients with sepsis were significantly lower [TC (mmol/L): 2.5±1.2 vs. 3.4±1.4, t = 4.274, P = 0.021; HDL-C (mmol/L): 1.6±0.9 vs. 2.5±0.8, t = 3.413, P = 0.018], and that of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) showed no statistically significant difference (mmol/L: 1.9±0.9 vs. 2.1±0.9, t = 0.749, P = 0.614). In the patients with sepsis, the patients in death group (n = 227) were older than those of the survival group (n = 341, years: 74.3±15.5 vs. 65.5±17.5, t = 4.037, P = 0.012), serum creatinine (SCr) was higher than that of survival group (μmol/L: 251.0±115.6 vs. 167.4±108.7, t = 3.254, P = 0.023), the levels of plasma TC, HDL-C and LDL-C were significantly lower than those of survival group [TC (mmol/L): 2.2±1.6 vs. 2.9±1.1, t = 3.057, P = 0.023; HDL-C (mmol/L): 1.4±0.8 vs. 1.9±0.8, t = 4.692, P = 0.016; LDL-C (mmol/L): 1.7±0.7 vs. 2.0±0.8, t = 2.541, P = 0.038]; there was no significant difference in the proportion of male, body mass index (BMI), based disease, intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization time, the severity of the disease and other biochemical indexes between two groups. With single factor analysis with indicators of statistical significance as a covariate into binary logistic regression equation, the results show that age was the risk factor of death in patients with sepsis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.024, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.010-1.048, P = 0.009], and TC was the protective factor on the prognosis of patients with sepsis (OR = 0.747, 95%CI = 0.682-0.811, P = 0.013). Conclusions Plasma cholesterol levels in patients with sepsis were significantly lowered, and the levels in death group was significantly lower than that in the survival group. TC may be used as a clinical indicator to assess the outcome of patients with sepsis.

Objective: To investigate the diagnose nutcracker syndrome with color Doppler flow imaging.Methods:Doppler sonographic findings in 47 children with orthostatic proteinuria or idiopathic hematuria and in 23 healthy control subjects were compared.The peak velocity,anteroposterior diameter and anteroposterior diameter ratio(hilar segment/aortomesenteric segment) were measured in the left renal vein.Results: The anteroposterior diameter ratio of the 2 segments were 4.13?2.34 in the patient group and 2.16?0.56 in the control.The anteroposterior diameter and the peak velocity in the aortomesenteric segment were(0.16?0.07)cm/s and(83.3?37.2)cm/s in the patient group and(0.24?0.09)cm/s and(43.1?10.8)cm/s in the control,with significant difference in between(P

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human coronavirus (HCoV) in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Hebei region, providing evidence for the diagnosis and prevention of children with respiratory tract infection.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 1 062 HCoV positive children hospitalized for respiratory tract infection in Children′s Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2015 to December 2020, aged from 33 days to 14 years, with a median age of 2 years. 27 932 (60.9%) were males and 17 944(39.1%) were females. And the gender, ages, seasonal distribution, HCoV-positive rates, co-detection distribution and clinical diagnosis of HCoV positive cases were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Enumeration data were expressed by frequency and percentage; categorical variable were compared by the Pearson χ 2test. Results:The overall HCoV-positive rate was 2.31% (1 062/45 876), which was 2.37% (662/27 932) in male children and 2.23% (400/17 944) in female children. There was no statistically significant difference between genders (χ2=0.916, P=0.339). Children at age groups<1 years (2.44%) and 1-<3 years (2.63%) had higher HCoV-positive rates than those at age groups 3-<5 years (1.97%) and ≥5 years (1.38%) (χ2=27.332, P<0.01). The HCoV-positive rates from 2015 to 2018 were 2.13%, 2.45%, 2.28% and 2.23%. The HCoV-positive rate of 2019 (1.71%) was significantly lower than in 2016 (χ2=12.05, P<0.01), 2017 (χ2=7.34, P=0.01) and 2018 (χ2=6.78, P=0.01), but there was no significant difference compared with 2015 (χ2=2.84, P=0.09). The HCoV-positive rate of 2020 (3.37%) was significantly higher than in 2015 (χ2=13.636, P<0.01), 2016 (χ2=11.099, P<0.01), 2017 (χ2=15.482, P<0.01), 2018(χ2=18.601, P<0.01) and 2019(χ2=45.580, P<0.01). The positive rate was highest in spring (March to May) in 2015 and 2017 to 2018. February to April and July to September of 2016 were the peak periods of positive detection. No obvious seasonal change was observed in 2019 and the HCoV-positive rate of 2020 was extremely low from January to July, following significantly increased from August to December. 26.37% (280/1 062) of HCoV were co-detected with other respiratory pathogens and the most frequently identified mixed detection was RSV. Three or more pathogens were detected in 7.34% (78/1 062) of the HCoV-positive samples. Bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis were more frequently observed in the single HCoV positive (61.89% and 16.75%) children compared to co-detected children(34.29% and 9.64%)(χ2=63.394 and 8.228, P<0.01). However, compared to those with HCoV mono-detection, co-detected children were more likely to have severe pneumonia (4.6% and 47.14%) (χ2=280.171, P<0.01). Conclusions:HCoV is one of the respiratory pathogens in children in Hebei region and more prevalent in spring. The susceptible population of HCoV is mainly children under the age of 3 years old. HCoV often co-detects with other respiratory pathogens, and the co-infection is one of the risk factors of severe pneumonia in children with respiratory infection.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human coronavirus (HCoV) in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Hebei region, providing evidence for the diagnosis and prevention of children with respiratory tract infection.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 1 062 HCoV positive children hospitalized for respiratory tract infection in Children′s Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2015 to December 2020, aged from 33 days to 14 years, with a median age of 2 years. 27 932 (60.9%) were males and 17 944(39.1%) were females. And the gender, ages, seasonal distribution, HCoV-positive rates, co-detection distribution and clinical diagnosis of HCoV positive cases were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Enumeration data were expressed by frequency and percentage; categorical variable were compared by the Pearson χ 2test. Results:The overall HCoV-positive rate was 2.31% (1 062/45 876), which was 2.37% (662/27 932) in male children and 2.23% (400/17 944) in female children. There was no statistically significant difference between genders (χ2=0.916, P=0.339). Children at age groups<1 years (2.44%) and 1-<3 years (2.63%) had higher HCoV-positive rates than those at age groups 3-<5 years (1.97%) and ≥5 years (1.38%) (χ2=27.332, P<0.01). The HCoV-positive rates from 2015 to 2018 were 2.13%, 2.45%, 2.28% and 2.23%. The HCoV-positive rate of 2019 (1.71%) was significantly lower than in 2016 (χ2=12.05, P<0.01), 2017 (χ2=7.34, P=0.01) and 2018 (χ2=6.78, P=0.01), but there was no significant difference compared with 2015 (χ2=2.84, P=0.09). The HCoV-positive rate of 2020 (3.37%) was significantly higher than in 2015 (χ2=13.636, P<0.01), 2016 (χ2=11.099, P<0.01), 2017 (χ2=15.482, P<0.01), 2018(χ2=18.601, P<0.01) and 2019(χ2=45.580, P<0.01). The positive rate was highest in spring (March to May) in 2015 and 2017 to 2018. February to April and July to September of 2016 were the peak periods of positive detection. No obvious seasonal change was observed in 2019 and the HCoV-positive rate of 2020 was extremely low from January to July, following significantly increased from August to December. 26.37% (280/1 062) of HCoV were co-detected with other respiratory pathogens and the most frequently identified mixed detection was RSV. Three or more pathogens were detected in 7.34% (78/1 062) of the HCoV-positive samples. Bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis were more frequently observed in the single HCoV positive (61.89% and 16.75%) children compared to co-detected children(34.29% and 9.64%)(χ2=63.394 and 8.228, P<0.01). However, compared to those with HCoV mono-detection, co-detected children were more likely to have severe pneumonia (4.6% and 47.14%) (χ2=280.171, P<0.01). Conclusions:HCoV is one of the respiratory pathogens in children in Hebei region and more prevalent in spring. The susceptible population of HCoV is mainly children under the age of 3 years old. HCoV often co-detects with other respiratory pathogens, and the co-infection is one of the risk factors of severe pneumonia in children with respiratory infection.

Objective To evaluate different inflammation markers for predicting the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in sepsis patients. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted. The adult patients with sepsis for more than 24 hours admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 1st, 2010 to November 1st, 2017 were enrolled. Inflammatory markers such as white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rata (ESR), neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), etc. were collected at ICU admission. The patients were divided into different groups according to the 24-hour AKI, and subgroup analysis was conducted according to the criteria of the Global Renal Disease Prognostic Organization (KDIGO)-AKI staging. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted with statistically significant inflammatory markers to assess the predictive value of AKI for patients with systemic infection. Results A total of 753 patients with sepsis were enrolled. 405 AKI patients were diagnosed within 24 hours, with a prevalence of 53.8%. There were 118 cases (15.7%) in AKI stage 1, 48 cases (6.4%) in stage 2 and 239 cases (31.7%) in stage 3. PCT in AKI group was significantly higher than that in non-AKI group [μg/L: 4.98 (1.51, 32.75) vs. 3.00 (0.37, 11.40), P < 0.01]. PCT of AKI stage 2 group was significantly higher than that of AKI stage 1 and 3 groups [μg/L: 27.86 (4.80, 37.26) vs. 3.00 (0.98, 16.10), 4.98 (1.51, 42.55), both P < 0.01]. Although ESR in AKI group was lower than that of non-AKI group (mm/1 h: 45.25±37.42 vs. 52.28±34.89, P < 0.01), there was no significant difference among the subgroups. CRP in AKI group was slightly higher than the non-AKI group [mg/L: 96.00 (42.20, 160.00) vs. 73.60 (21.01, 157.50)], but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in WBC or NLR between AKI group and non-AKI group. It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of PCT in predicting the occurrence of septic AKI was 0.619, with the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of 0.545-0.689 (P < 0.01). When the cut-off value of PCT > 0.4 μg/L, the sensitivity was 94.2%, the specificity was 26.5%, the accuracy was 64.2%, the positive predictive value was 61.6%, and the negative predictive value was 78.6%. Conclusion PCT could be a marker to predict AKI with sepsis patients.