Objective: To explore the effect of Laminarina Japonica Polysaccharides (LJPS) on blood glucose in diabetes mice.Methods: Effect of LJPS on alloxan inducing diabetes mellitus model was investigated by applying different doses(125,250 and 500mg/kg bw).Results: The doses of LJPS were able to lower blood glucose level by 34.96%,20.70% and 26.82% respectively. They also decreased BUN level, enhanced liver glycogen, calcium in serum and insulin concentration. LJPS could restore the injury of alloxan induced pancreas islet significantly by histopathological findingConclusion: The results show that LJPS is an active component in protecting against alloxan induced pancreas injury and mediating the blood glucose level.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of pulmonary rehabilitation therapy including respiratory exercise and vibration expectoration on patients with pulmonary infection after abdominal surgery.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted.Seventy-six patients with pulmonary infection after abdominal surgery admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University from September 2015 to September 2016 were enrolled.According to whether accept the pulmonary rehabilitation therapy or not,the patients were divided into two groups.In the control group (n =35),the convemional expectoration method was adopted.The patients in pulmonary rehabilitation group (n =41) received both methods of the control group and pulmonary rehabilitation treatment,including respiratory exercise (effective cough,lip reduction breathing),respiratory exercise device (respiratory exerciser tri-ball),and vibrated expectoration.The 24-hour sputum volume,degree of comfort,inflammatory and pulmonary function parameters,and recovery situation were recorded in the two groups.Results ① There were no significant differences in the parameters of inflammation and pulmonary function before treatment between the two groups.After treatment,the white blood cell (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in both groups were significantly decreased,and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were significantly increased.The above changes in pulmonary rehabilitation group were more significant than those of the control group [WBC (× 109/L):11.12 ± 2.88 vs.13.42 ± 2.62 at 3 days,8.22 ± 1.48 vs.9.27 ± 1.92 at 5 days;CRP (mg/L):13.47 ± 4.77vs.16.03±4.94 at 3 days,9.69±1.56 vs.11.77±1.41 at 5 days;FEV1 (L):2.48±0.14 vs.2.29±0.16 at 3 days,FEV1/FVC:0.78±0.04 vs.0.75±0.04 at 3 days;all P ＜ 0.05].② The 24-hour sputum volume within 3 days of pulmonary rehabilitation group were significantly higher than that of the control group (mL:30.51 ± 4.15 vs.18.30 ± 3.64at 1 day,31.08±3.22 vs.20.37±3.20 at 2 days,29.03±2.55 vs.19.03±2.51 at 3 days,all P ＜ 0.01].③ In the pulmonary rehabilitation group,the recovery time of pulmonary infection symptoms (days:5.44 ± 1.45 vs.6.20 ± 1.55),the days of antibiotic use (days:12.61 ± 3.15 vs.15.03 ± 3.78),the time of getting out of the bed (days:4.05 ± 0.74vs.4.51±0.89),and the hospital days (days:19.95±3.90 vs.22.00±4.42) were significantly shorter than those of the control group (all P ＜ 0.05),and the degree of comfort was significantly better than that of the control group (comfort score:2.71 ±0.90 vs.2.14±0.91,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The application of pulmonary rehabilitation including respiratory exercise and vibration expectoration in abdominal surgery patients with pulmonary infection can promote recovery,and it has a good clinical and practical application value.

Objective To investigate the effects of caudal type homeobox 2 (Cdx2) silence on reservion of multi-drug resistance of gastric carcinoma cisplantin-resistant cell SGC7901/DDP.Methods Gastric carcinoma cisplantin-resistant cells SCG7901/DDP in the logarithmic phase were cultured in the plate,and were divided into the experimental group [gastric carcinoma cells of SGC7901/DDP were infected with a silent Cdx2-recombinanted lentiviral vector (pLL-Cdx2-shRNA)],the negative control group (gastric carcinoma cells of SGC7901/DDP were infected with empty lentiviral vector) and the blank control group (gastric carcinoma cells of SGC7901/DDP were not treated).The protein and mRNA expressions of Cdx2 and apoptosis related genes like c-myc,cyclin D1 and survivin were detected by the Western blot and reverse-transcription PCR,respectively.The sensitivity of the cells in the 3 groups to adriamycin,5-fluorouracil and cisplatium were assessed by MTT.The pump-out rate of adriamycin,cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of the 3 groups were analyzed using flow cytometry.All measurement data were expressed with mean ± standard deviation.Comparison among multi-groups was done by one-way analysis of variance,and comparison between 2 groups was done by SNK-q test.The enumeration data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results The relative protein expression levels of Cdx2,c-myc,cyclin D1 and survivin were 0.187 ± 0.060,0.086 ± 0.004,0.016 ± 0.005 and 0.276 ± 0.012 in the experimental group,0.535 ± 0.033,0.379 ± 0.006,0.141 ± 0.003 and 0.672 ± 0.009 in the negative control group,and 0.567 ± 0.014,0.354 ± 0.004,0.162 ± 0.008 and 0.517 ± 0.313 in the blank control group,respectively.The relative protein expression levels of Cdx2,c-myc,cyclin D1 and survivin in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the negative control group and the blank control group (F =247.385,3.353,597.882,98.628,P ＜0.05).The relative mRNA expression levels of Cdx2,c-myc,cyclin D1 and survivin were 0.184 ± 0.010,0.212 ± 0.022,0.045 ± 0.009 and 0.401 ± 0.027 in the experimental group,0.894 ± 0.056,0.538 ± 0.021,0.163 ±0.009 and 0.824 ± 0.016 in the negative control group,and 0.837 ±0.049,0.545 ±0.032,0.157 ±0.010 and 0.782 ±0.056 in the blank control group,respectively.The relative mRNA expression levels of Cdx2,c-myc,cyclin D1 and survivin in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the negative control group and the blank control group (F =243.776,161.793,138.523,118.426,P ＜ 0.05).The IC50 values detected by MTT of adriamycin,5-flurouracile and cisplatin to gastroc carcinoma cisplantin-resistant cell SCG7901/DDP were (0.12 ± 0.05) mg/L,(0.52 ± 0.13) mg/L and (0.82 ± 0.13) mg/L in the experimental group,(0.33 ± 0.08) mg/L,(4.10.± 1.25) mg/L and (2.81 ± 0.50) mg/L in the negative control group,(0.39 ±0.15)mg/L,(4.05 ± 1.44) mg/L and (3.28 ± 1.03) rng/L in the blank control group,respectively.The pump-out rates of adriamycin of the experimental group,negative control group,and the blank control group were0.21％,0.37％ and 0.35％.Compared with the negative control group and the blank control group,the IC50values of adriamycin,5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in the experimental group were significantly increased,and thepump-out rate of adriamycin was significantly decreased (F =8.101,13.854,15.159,x2 =7.106,P ＜ 0.05).The ratios of cells in the G0/G1 phase were 17.87％,34.71％ and 37.20％ in the experimental group,negative control group and the blank control group,respectively.Compared with the negative control group and blank control group,the ratio of cells in the G0/Gt was significantly decreased (x2=1.055,P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of cells in the G2/M phase in the experimental group was 11.93％,and the apoptosis rate was 31.13％,which were significantly higher than the negative group (0.26％,16.58％) and the blank control group (0.35％,13.18％) (x2=2.249,11.030,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Silent Cdx2 can effectively enhance the sensitivity of the SGC7901/DDP cells and the intracellular accumulation concentration of the drugs.Silent Cdx2 can also reverse the multidrug resistance of the SGC7901/DDP cells.

This study performed phylogenic analysis on a dengue strain isolated from an outbreak of dengue fever in 2009 at Yiwu City of Zhejiang Province,China,and further to analyze the immunogenicity of E protein of this viral isolate.Firstly,the viral genome was amplified by RT-PCR and phylogenetic trees were constructed by MEGA 4 based on both nucleotide and amino acid sequences of E and NS1 proteins.The phylogenetic analysis showed that the similarity of Yiwu strain with the Guangzhou GZ1D3 strain and the India GWL-25 strain was over 99％.Secondly,the expression plasmid of E protein was constructed and transfected into 293T cells.The secreted E protein were then purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and used to inoculate BALB/c mice.The humoral immunity was evaluated by ELISA and neutralizing antibody analysis.Resuits showed that the E protein of Yiwu strain could induce dengue specific IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies.Therefore,the study found that the Yiwu strain was classified into the subtype Ⅲ of dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3),and the E protein of this strain had strong immunogenicity

Objective: To determine health risk behaviors related to accidental injury of adolescent in Jiangxi province,and to provide a peference for taking targeted measures to prevent the occurence of adolescent’s risk behaviors. Methods: By using the cluster stratified sampling, students of grade one and grade two from 10 classes in 5 middle schools in Nanchang city and from 1 middle school in Wuyuan county were selected. Health risk behaviors were investigated through questionnaire survey and were compared within the two areas. Results: Regarding to safety, the rates of never or rarely wearing a helmet when riding a bicycle during the past 12 months, never or rarely wearing a seat belt, text or Email while driving a vehicle and in a physical fight were very high. In Wuyuan county, 35.2% of the students have ever tried cigarette smoking, 51.5% of the students have had at least one drink of alcohol, 4.0% of the students have ever had sexual intercourse, 32.7% of the students describe their weight as slightly or very overweight, 49.1% of the students trying to lose weight. After standardized, the rate of health risk behaviors in Nanchang city was higher than that in Wuyuan county. Conclusion here are more healthrisk behaviors found among middle school students in Nanchang than in Wuyuan county.The targeted measures should be taken to develop healthy behavior habits of the students to effectively reduce its occurence.

Objective To evaluate the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in cognitive decline in aged mice with sepsis.Methods Forty-five SPF healthy aged female C57BL/6 mice,aged 10-12 months,weighing 20-30 g,were assigned into 3 groups (n=15 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),sepsis group (group Sep) and NF-κB selective inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) group (group PDTC).Lipopolysaccharide 250 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 7 consecutive days in Sep and PDTC groups,and in addition PDTC 50 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min before lipopolysaccharide injection once a day for 7 consecutive days in group PDTC.The equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.Five mice in each group were sacrificed at 2 h after the last administration,cardiac puncture was performed and blood samples were collected,and then the mice were sacrificed and hippocampi were harvested for determination of the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in plasma and hippocampal tissues using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Cognitive function was assessed using open field,elevated plus maze and Morris water maze tests at 24 h after the last administration in the other mice left in each group.Results Compared with group C,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in plasma and hippocampal tissues were significantly increased,the time of movement at the central region was shortened,the percentage of time spent in the open arms and number of entries into the open and closed arms were decreased,the escape latency was prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was shortened,and the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased in group Sep (P＜0.05).Compared with group Sep,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β5 and IL-6 in plasma and hippocampal tissues were significantly decreased,the time of movement at the central region was prolonged,the percentage of time spent in the open arms and number of entries into the open and closed arms were increased,the escape latency was shortened,and the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was prolonged in group PDTC (P＜0.05).Conclusion NF-κB is involved in cognitive decline in aged mice with sepsis.

The nursing students of Grade 2009 to Grade 2016 were selected.Their skills,midterm,usual and final performances as well as comprehensive scores of normal human morphology course were analyzed by one-way ANOVA in combination with different stages of curriculum integration in order to compare the teaching effect between traditional teaching mode + evaluation system and mixed teaching mode + formative evaluation in the course of normal human morphology.Statistical analysis by SPSS 17.0 showed that the average score of formation stage (traditional teaching mode) was 67.55 ± 12.72,the average score of integration stage (mixed teaching mode) was 72.79 ± 10.93 and the average score of development stage (formative evaluation +mixed teaching mode) was 83.94 ± 9.58.After making comparisons,the P values of ANOVA of the course of normal human body morphology in all stages were all less than 0.001,having statistical significance.The results showed that the overall development of the curriculum is becoming mature and the new teaching model can help students who usually do not like to review.

Objectives: Understanding the lingual nerve’s precise location is crucial to prevent iatrogenic injury. This systematic review seeks to determine the lingual nerve’s most probable topographical location in the posterior mandible. Materials and Methods: Two electronic databases were searched, identifying studies reporting the lingual nerve’s position in the posterior mandible.Anatomical data in the vertical and horizontal dimensions at the retromolar and molar regions were collected for meta-analyses. Results: Of the 2,700 unique records identified, 18 studies were included in this review. In the vertical plane, 8.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0%-21.7%) and 6.3% (95% CI, 1.9%-12.5%) of the lingual nerves coursed above the alveolar crest at the retromolar and third molar regions. The mean vertical distance between the nerve and the alveolar crest ranged from 12.10 to 4.32 mm at the first to third molar regions. In the horizontal plane, 19.9% (95% CI, 0.0%-62.7%) and 35.2% (95% CI, 13.0%-61.1%) of the lingual nerves were in contact with the lingual plate at the retromolar and third molar regions. Conclusion This systematic review mapped out the anatomical location of the lingual nerve in the posterior mandible, highlighting regions that warrant additional caution during surgeries to avoid iatrogenic lingual nerve injuries.

Diaphragm dysfunction is common in clinical work, which is a frequently important cause of ventilation weaning failure ignored by clinicians. Assessing diaphragmatic function while weaning helps early detection and prevention of weaning failure, so as to improve the clinical outcome of patients on mechanical ventilation (MV). Reviewing studies of diaphragmatic function evaluation in weaning, we can find that assessing diaphragmatic function during weaning can help guide weaning. Weaning predictors including pressure index, electrophysiological index and morphological index, among which bedside ultrasound as a morphological index is widely used in intensive care unit (ICU), which is simple, non-invasive, and easy to operate. It is also accurate in the assessment of diaphragmatic function and guidance on weaning, which is worthy of promotion and application.