Objective To study the effect of Bifid Triple Viable tablets combined with montmorillonite powder in the prognosis of children with diarrhea.Methods100 cases of diarrhea patients from October 2015 to December 2016 were selected.The patients were divided into control group and observation group.The control group was treated with Bifid Triple Viable tablets.The observation group was treated with Bifid Triple Viable tablets combined with montmorillonite powder treatment, compared the two groups of patients with the indicators and treatment.ResultsThe indexes of the observation group were better than the control group, the difference between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).The total effective rate (98.00%) in the observation group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (78.00%), the difference between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionThe combination of Bifid Triple Viable tablets combined with montmorillonite powder in the treatment of diarrhea patients can effectively improve the prognosis of patients and accelerate the remission time of patients, which is worth applying.

Objective To explore the expression of P53 ,Livin and PARP in epithelial ovarian cancer and its correlation with the chemotherapy resistance and clinical prognosis.Methods Seventy-four specimens of epithelial ovarian cancer confirmed by opera-tion and pathology in the gynecology department of our hospital from January 2009 to June 2011 were selected ,followed up and di-vided into chemotherapy sensitivity group and chemotherapy resistance group according to the recurrence condition.The difference of drug resistance genes ,survival rate and influencing factors of survival time were compared between the two groups.Results The positive rates of P53 ,Livin and PARP in the chemotherapy sensitivity group were 47.1% ,56.9% and 52.9% respectively ,which in the chemotherapy resistance group were 73.9% ,95.7% and 95.7% respectively ,the sensitivity rate of each item in the chemother-apy sensitivity group was lower than that in the chemotherapy resistance group (P<0.05).The median survival time in the survival rate in the chemotherapy sensitivity group was 52.0 months ,its 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 68.63% and 41.18% respec-tively ,the medium survival time in the chemotherapy resistance group was 31.5 months ,its 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 47.83% and 26.10% respectively ,the survival rate of various stages in the chemotherapy sensitivity group was higher than that in the chemotherapyresistance group ,the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05).The age ,pathological differentiation de-gree ,clinical staging and chemotherapy sensitivity degree were introduced into the Cox regression model ,the clinical staging and chemotherapy sensitivity degree had significant influence on the survival time (P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of P53 ,Livin and PARP is correlated with the chemotherapy resistance in the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer ,therefore ,which can be used to predict the chemotherapeutic effect.For the patients with high expression of drug resistance genes ,the personalized coping scheme may be given for improving the patient's prognosis.

Tunneling nanotubes(TNT) are cellular communication and transport mechanism discovered recently. TNTs play important role in immunological response and viral spread, also may involve embryonic development, regulation of gene expression and carcinogenesis. However, it was not easy to study TNT for clinical samples since intricate assay method for TNT. We suggested using histochemical assay PAS staining in cell drip to show TNT in leukemia and lymphoma samples.

Viral etiology of tumor has been studied for a century.Seven human tumor viruses were identified over the past half century.The complexity and regularity of the pathogenic mechanisms of human tumor viruses have been elucidated preliminarily.Human genome sequencing indicated that 8 ％ of human genes were composed of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs).Owing to the findings that adult T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) can cause human adult T-cell leukemia and animal exogenous and HERVs can induce tumors and malignant diseases,the relationship between HERVs and human tumors has attracted much attention receutly.Here this article discusses the association of the expression of HERVs with leukemia and solid tumors progression,which may be an important aspect of tumor virology.

As novel organisms,tumors undergo microevolution in limited time and space in vivo.Due to genetic mutations and epigenetic mechanisms,tumor cell clones undergo linear or branching evolution.In most clinic patients,tumors develop through branching evolution pathways,causing tumor heterogeneity and affecting tumor progression.Microevolution is the biological basis for the refractoriness and recurrence of tumors and has been paid attention in research and clinic recently.In this paper,acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are used as examples to demonstrate tumor microevolution and the concept of linear and branching evolution.Questions and perspective in the field of tumor microevolution research are also discussed.

Cell death as the partner of cell proliferation is one of the basic mechanism in cell biology. Recently, it became obscure since more and more patterns of cell death were reported. However, the classification of cell death, which was recommended by the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) in 2009, clarified the criteria. The theme of the recommendation and recent data from the literature were discussed in this review. The significance of studies on cell death was discussed.

The disturbance of life rhythm exerts negative influence on modem life.The relationship between the disruption of circadian rhythms and tumor growth has attracted much attention.It has been studied in breast cancer and prostate cancer,and chronotherapeutics has been used for treatment of some cancers in clinic.Researchers have begun to investigate the association of circadian rhythms with leukemia/lymphoma outside China.The literatures were reviewed and the launch of research on this field was appealed.

Human herpesviruses (HHV) are widespread all over the world,and persist in human in latent infection.When reactivated,HHV plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of tumor and other diseases.Much attention has been paid on EB virus which can cause different tumors and other diseases.Studies within this half century have elucidated the mechanism of oncogenesis of γ-HHV.Recently it was reported that other HHV may have oncomodulation functions.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are units in cancer evolution.The elucidation the origin of CSCs has great significance on prevention and treatment of cancers.This paper discusses possible origins,genetic pathways and mechanisms of CSC on the basis of the literature and authors' research.Normal stem cells could be malignantly transformed to CSC through long term accumulation of gene mutations.Induction to pluripotent stem cells by reprogramming is a possible pathway for somatic cells to become CSCs.Dedifferentiation of cancer cells to CSCs is another pathway.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT),which is an important mechanism for cellular plasticity,plays important roles in cancer metastasis and stemness of cancer cells.Cell-fusion inducing EMT could be a mechanism for the genesis of CSCs.Infection of some virus is also related to the genesis of CSCs.The complexity of cancer biology was also discussed.

Dormant follicular lymphoma, prostate carcinoma and breast carcinoma are frequently detected by autopsy of non-tumor patients. Dormancy of malignant cells in hematopoietic malignancies is associated with genesis, development and treatment of these diseases. Dormancy is the universally applied strategy by living organism during survival competition. As the in vivo neoplasm, tumor cells keep this property. Recently, much attention has been paid to the mechanisms of tumor dormancy. These studies not only have theoretical significance, provide new ways for the prevention and treatment of tumors, but also help the understanding of over-diagnosis, over-treatment and provide clues for precise medicine. This paper reviewed cellular mechanism of tumor cell dormancy,immunological and vascular regulation of dormant tumors. The clinical significance,application of these mechanisms and direction of further study, which will provide new clues for the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies, were also discussed.