Objective:To explore the clinical effect of transvaginal and laparoscopic myomectomy.Methods:A total of 40 cases treated with hysteromyomectomy in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University and Dalian Women′s and Children′s Medical Center from Decedmber 2018 to March 2020 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were assigned into the observation group (20 cases) and the control group (20 cases). In the observation group, hysteromyomectomy was performed via vagina, and in the control group, hysteromyomectomy was performed via laparoscope. Then the time of operation, the amount of bleeding, the recovery time of gastrointestinal function, 24 h postoperative drainage, 12 h postoperative pain and hospitalization expenses were compared between the two groups.Results:The operation of the observation group and the control group were completed as planned. The operation time, the amount of bleeding of the observation groupwere less than those of the control group: (69.75 ± 19.43) min vs. (84.50 ± 22.4) min, (119.25 ± 56.37) ml vs. (159.00 ± 63.73) ml, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The recovery time of gastrointestinal function, 24 h postoperative drainage, 12 h postoperative pain in two groups had no significant differences ( P>0.05). The hospitalization expenses in observation group was lower than that in control group: (2.27 ± 0.12) ten thousand Yuan vs. (2.66 ± 0.10) ten thousand Yuan, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with laparoscopic myomectomy, transvaginal myomectomy has the advantages of shorter operation time, less bleeding and less hospitalization expenses.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of alcohol use and related factors in HIV positive and HIV negative males. Methods: Baseline data were from the prospective cohort study of comparative HIV and aging research in Taizhou of Zhejiang province from January to December, 2017. The information about alcohol use in the last month was collected through a face-to-face questionnaire interview. Participants were categorized into non-current drinkers, light/moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers according to the US National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) standard. Results: A total of 1 367 HIV positive males and 2 418 HIV negative males were included. Current alcohol use rate (35.2%, 481/1 367) and heavy alcohol use rate (5.0%, 24/481) were significantly lower in HIV positive males than in HIV negative males (48.0%, 1 161/2 418; 23.5%, 273/1 161), but the proportion of drinking wine and yellow rice wine were significantly higher (21.8%, 105/481; 9.1%, 44/481) in HIV positive males than in HIV negative males (13.5%, 157/1 161; 5.8%, 67/1 161). The multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis results showed that larger waist circumference, current smoking and regular physical exercise were associated with heavy alcohol use behavior in HIV positive males, and age ≥30 years, current smoking, regular physical exercise, higher score of depressive symptoms, heterosexual transmission route and baseline CD₄⁺T cells counts of 200-499 cells/μl were significantly associated with mild/moderate alcohol use behavior in HIV positive males. Conclusions The alcohol use rate was significantly lower in HIV positive males than in HIV negative males in Taizhou. It is important to strengthen intervention on alcohol drinking behavior and chronic disease risk factors, such as larger waist circumference, smoking and so on.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of sleep disorder in HIV positive and negative individuals, and compare the distributions and epidemiologic characteristic of different subtypes of sleep disorder between two groups. Methods: Baseline data were from the prospective cohort study of comparative HIV and aging research in Taizhou of Zhejiang province from January to December, 2017. A total of 459 HIV positive patients and 798 HIV negative controls with sleep disorders (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index >5 or at least one question with answers of "most nights" or "every night" for Jenkins Sleep Scale) were included in the analysis. Cluster analysis was conducted to identify the different subtypes of sleep disorder based on 15 sleep-related questions. Results: A total of 1 257 participants were divided into three groups (clusters), i.e. difficulty falling asleep and sleep keeping group (cluster 1), the mild symptoms group (cluster 2), and restless night and daytime dysfunction group (cluster 3), accounting for 19.4% (89/459), 63.8% (293/459) and 16.8% (77/459) in HIV positive group and 13.8% (110/798), 60.5% (483/798) and 25.7% (205/798) in HIV negative group (χ²=16.62, P<0.001). In HIV positive group, the patients in cluster 1 and 3 were older and had higher frailty score, the patients in cluster 1 had highest level of depression, and the more patients in cluster 3 had low body weight or overweight (χ²=13.29, P=0.039; χ²=23.33, P<0.001; χ²=25.71, P<0.001; χ²=15.37, P=0.004). In HIV-negative group, similar findings were found for age, depressive symptoms and frailty score. In addition, the proportion of those who were illiteracy or with primary school education level was significantly high in cluster 1, and the proportion of abnormal waist-to-hip ratio was significantly higher in cluster 1 and 3 (χ²=30.59, P<0.001; χ²=11.61, P=0.003). Conclusions The proportion of every subtype of sleep disorder in HIV positive individuals were different to those in HIV negative individuals. Mental and physical health status were the main factors affecting the prevalence of sleep disorder. It is necessary to conduct targeted interventions to improve sleep quality.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of mitochondrial haplogroups and their correlation with neurocognitive disorder (NCD) in HIV positive individuals. Methods: Baseline data were from the prospective cohort study of comparative HIV and aging research in Taizhou of Zhejiang province from January to December, 2017. A cross-sectional survey was performed in 448 HIV positive individuals. Sanger method was used for the sequencing and genotyping of whole mitochondrial genome of HIV positive individuals. NCD prevalence in the HIV positive individuals was assessed by Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) in questionnaire interviews. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the associations between mtDNA haplogroups and NCD. Results: In this sample, mitochondrial haplogroups D (19.6%, 88/448), B (19.4%, 87/448) and F(17.0%, 76/448) were the most predominant haplogroups. The overall prevalence rate of NCD was 20.3% (91/448), and was high in haplogroups A (23.1%, 9/39), D (21.6%, 19/88), F (26.3%, 20/76) and M7 groups (26.1%, 12/46), respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting confounding factors, such as age and gender, compared with haplogroup A, there were no differences in the prevalence rate of NCD among HIV positive individuals with haplogroup B, D, F, M7, M8, N9, and others. Conclusion The study explored primarily correlation between mitochondrial haplogroups and NCD among HIV positive individuals and suggested that there is no significant association between mitochondrial haplogroups and NCD, but further longitudinal investigation with large sample size of HIV positive population is needed to confirm this finding.