In the present study ,we aimed to observe the effect of curcumin on TSST-1-induced inflammatory cytokines in splenocytes of mouse and provide evidence for the further study on the effect of curcumin on inflammatory shock .Lactate de-hydrogenase (LDH) release assay was used to determine cytotoxicity of different doses of TSST-1 and curcumin .Inflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA and flow cytometry .The doses of TSST-1 and curcumin we used in the present study did not cause significant cytotoxicity .TSST-1 induced higher level of IFN-γand IL-2 production but relatively lower level of TNF-α.The production of IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-12 was undetectable .TSST-1 induced Th1 cytokines (IFN-γand IL-2) were not IL-12-dependent which was different from LPS-induced IFN-γ.Curcumin significantly reduced IFN-γand TNF-αproduction at the concentration of 15 umol/L (P<0 .05) ,but had no effect on IL-2 production (P>0 .05) .It’s suggested that curcumin could significantly inhibit the production of IFN-γand TNF-αby splenocytes induced by TSST-1 ,but could not affect the prolifera-tion of T cells .

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of botulinumtoxin type A (Botox-A) combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy on the upper limb muscle spasm after stroke.Methods:86 cases of patients with upper limb muscle spasm after stroke in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group,with 43 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with electromyographic biofeedback therapy,and the observation group was treated with Botox-A based on the basis of control group.The improvement of upper limb muscle spasm,Upper limb movement function,the active range of wrist joint and life skills before and after treatment were compared between two groups.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate of improvement of upper limb muscle spasm of observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05);At 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment,the Fugl-Meyer scores,Wrist joint activities,modified Barthel index (MBI) of two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P＜0.05),which were significantly higher in the observation group than those of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Botox-Acombined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy had remarkable clinical effect on the upper limb muscle spasm after stroke,which could effectively reduce the upper limb spasticity,improve the arm and wrist movement ability and the ability of daily life.

Objective To explore the risk factors for early interhepatic recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)on CT imaging before treatment.Methods 1 1 5 patients suffered from HCC from July 2003 to January 2009 were retrospec-tively enrolled for reviewing their clinical characteristics and CT signs.The status of metastasis and/or recurrence was followed reg-ularly.Signs on pre-treatment enhanced CT images were measured and analyzed.Analysis of variance and independent sampler t test were applied for Univariate survival analysis.Then multivariate analysis was carried out by the Logistic regression,Lon rank meth-od,and p-value < 0.05 was defined to be statistically significant.Results The early interhepatic recurrence and metastasis rate of the study group was 58.26%.With univariate analysis,tumor size,location,extent,capsule,satellite nodule,vascular invasion, AVM and necrosis were the risk factors for early recurrence and metastasis of HCC on pre-treatment enhanced CT imaging (P<0.05).Multi-variable Logistic regression analysis showed that tumor size,satellite nodule,vascular invasion capsule and were independently sig-nificant CT signs for early interhepatic recurrence and metastasis of HCC (P =0.031,0.005、0.037、0.048).Conclusion Pre-treat-ment enhanced CT imaging with HCC was closely related to early interhepatic recurrence and metastasis of the tumor.A tumor of larger size,with satellite nodules,without complete capsule and vascular invasion on CT may predict a tendency to early interhepatic recurrence and metastasis of HCC.

The method of quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) for determination of epigoitrin in Radix Isatidis was established based on solid phase extraction (SPE).The twice ultrasonic extraction method using pure water was used for fully extracting epigoitrin in sample, and then the extraction was enriched and concentrated by poly-Sery MCX SPE cartridge.The effect of sample pretreatment and qNMR experimental conditions was investigated.The qNMR experiment conditions were selected using DMSO as solvent, calibrated 2,3,5-triiodobenzoate as internal standard, and P1(pulse width)=14.1 μs, d1(pulse delay time)=5 s, NS(number of scan)=256.The .1H-NMR peaks of δ 5.365-5.399 (H-7b, d, 1H) of epigoitrin were chosen as the quantitative peaks.Method validation was performed including precision (intra-day precision RSD was 0.5%, and the inter-day precision was 0.8%), linearity (correlation coefficient r>0.9991), LOD (0.05 mg/g, standard curve method) and LOQ (0.19 mg/g, S/N≥150).The recoveries of the SPE-qNMR were 97.4%-101.7%.The result showed that the method was stable, accurate and reliable.With this method the epigoitrin in a real Radix Isatidis was determined to be <0.19-1.26 mg/g.SPE combining with qNMR could extend the application field of qNMR, especially in the detection of low-content component in complex samples.

Objective To analyze the effects of five proteins secreted by Chlamydia trachomatis on the phagocytosis of macrophages and dendritic cells derived from bone marrow cells of C3H/HeJ mice. Methods Glutathione S-transferase ( GST)-CT311, GST-GIgA, GST-cHtrA, GST-OmcBc and GST-Pgp3 proteins were prepared through an Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression system and purified by GST Mag-Beads. Chlamydia membrane protein GST-IncA was also prepared as a control. Proteins of interest were ob-tained by cleaving off GST-tag with PreScission protease. Macrophages (MΦ) and dendritic cells (DC) were prepared from bone marrow cells of C3H/HeJ mice and pretreated with either 100 μg/ml or 500 μg/ml of the above proteins. LPS was used as a control to testify the specificity of the proteins' functions. Four hours after pretreatment,fluorescent beads were added to culture media to evaluate the changes in phagocytosis with direct immunofluorescence assay. Results LPS and low concentration (100 μg/ml) of these proteins had no significant influence on the phagocytosis of DC and MΦ,while high concentration (500 μg/ml) of Pgp3, cHtrA and CT311 could significantly promote the phagocytosis of DC and MΦ. Conclusion Pgp3, cHtrA and CT311 can promote the in vitro phagocytosis of DC and MΦ,which may facilitate the in vivo dissemina-tion of Chlamyida trachomatis.

Objective To investigate the multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) evaluating the clinical staging of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study conducted.The clinicopathological data of 46 AEG patients who were admitted to the Peking University Cancer Hospital between January 2016 and April 2018 were collected.All patients underwent MDCT before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and at preoperative 2 weeks,the distance between tumor center and boundary of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) was judged through coronal measured values and axial formula method.Patients underwent radical resection of gastric cancer + D2 lymph node dissection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy,pathologists reviewed the distance between center of AEG and boundary of EGJ,T staging (ycT) and N staging (ycN) of clinical staging,T staging (ypT) and N staging (ypN) of pathological staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were determined according to TNM staging of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) (8th edition),and tumor regression grading (TRG) was determined according to the criterion established by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.Observation indicators:(1) CT examination after neoadjuvant chemotherapy;(2) clinical staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy;(3) postoperative pathological examination;(4) postoperative pathological staging;(5) accuracy of clinical staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy;(6)relationship between imaging changes of CT examination and pathological reactions.Count data were described as absolute number or percentage,and comparisons among groups were analyzed by the chi-square test.Comparisons of ordinal data were analyzed by the non-parametric test.Results (1) CT examination after neoadjuvant chemotherapy:5 of 46 AEG patients,coronal images of CT showed whole tumor and boundary of EGJ,axial images of CT showed EGJ wall thickening,heterogeneous enhancement in all layers of lesions,and unsmooth serosal surface;the distance between tumor center and boundary of EGJ is less than 2 cm by direct measurement,5 patients were confirmed as esophageal cancer staging.For 41 patients,the same coronal image of CT cannot showed whole tumor and boundary of EGJ,axial images of CT showed EGJ wall thickening,heterogeneous enhancement in all layers of lesions,and irregular-shaped serosal surface;27 patients whose calculated values were negative based on formula method used esophageal cancer staging,and 14 patients whose calculated values were positive used gastric staging.(2) Clinical staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy:among 46 AEG patients,ycT staging:staging ycT1,ycT2,ycT3,ycT4a and ycT4b were respectively detected in 1,6,31,6 and 2 patients;ycN staging:staging ycN0,ycN1,ycN2 and ycN3a were respectively detected in 5,14,23 and 4 patients.(3) Postoperative pathological examination:of 46 patients,38,3,3 and 2 were respectively confirmed as adenocarcinoma,adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cell carcinoma,adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with squamous carcinoma.Of 46 patients,the distance between tumor center and boundary of EGJ can be observed in 14 patients by gastric cancer staging and 32 patients by esophageal cancer staging.(4) Postoperative pathological staging:ypT staging:1,3,5,29,7 and 1 patients were respectively detected in staging ypT0,ypT1,ypT2,ypT3,ypT4a and ypT4b;ypN staging:17,4,15,9 and 1 patients were respectively detected in staging ypN0,ypN1,ypN2,ypN3a and ypN3b.One,3,16 and 26 patients were confirmed as staging TRG 0,TRG 1,TRG 2 and TRG 3,including 20 patients tumor regression and 26 patients without tumor regression.(5) Accuracy of clinical staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy:the accuracies of ycT staging and ycN staging were 78.3％ (36/46) and 54.3％ (25/46).(6) Relationship between imaging changes of CT examination and pathological reactions:of 46 patients,33 and 13 had respectively reduced and stable gastric wall thickness of primary lesion.Among 20 patients with tumor regression,17 and 3 had respectively reduced and stable gastric wall thickness of primary lesion;of 26 patients without tumor regression,reduced and stable gastric wall thickness of primary lesion were respectively in 16 and 10 patients,with no statistically significant difference (x2 =3.069,P＞0.05).Of 46 patients,31,14 and 1 had respectively reduced,stable and increased sum of minor diameters of suspicious celiac lymph nodes.The reduced,stable and increased sum of minor diameters of suspicious celiac lymph nodes were detected in 16,4,0 of 20 patients with tumor regression and 15,10,1 of 26 patients without tumor regression,respectively,with no statistically significant difference (Z =-1.629,P＞ 0.05).The changes of gastric wall thickness of primary lesion and sum of minor diameters of celiac lymph nodes before operation were not consistent to that after operation in 3 patients.CT examination showed gastric wall thickness of primary lesion reduced after chemotherapy,and sum of minor diameters of celiac lymph nodes didn't change;pathological staging and clinical staging were respectively in staging ypN0 and ycN1.Conclusion According to the TNM staging of AJCC (Sth edition),the distance between tumor center and boundary of EGJ is judged through coronal measured values and axial formula method and therefore determining to select staging system of esophageal cancer or gastric cancer,meanwhile,rectifying over T3 staging of Siewert Ⅱ gastric cancer and increasing overall accuracy of clinical staging.

Objective:To analyze the clinical adverse events of the first carbon ion therapy system in radiotherapy for cancer patients in China.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical trial monitoring data of the carbon ion therapy system obtained by the Pharmacovigilance Center of Gansu Province. A descriptive study was conducted on the demographic characteristics, radiotherapy techniques, irradiation site and dose parameters, postoperative follow-up, and adverse event information of 46 tumor patients who received carbon ion therapy and participated in the clinical trial in Wuwei Cancer Hospital, Gansu Province from November 2018 to February 2019. Frequency and percentage were used to describe and analyze the occurrence of adverse events after carbon ion therapy for cancer patients in different groups. All subjects who received radiotherapy were grouped according to the treatment dose and fractionation method.Results:The median age of the 46 patients was 47 years old, and the male to female ratio was 30∶16. There were 15, 5, 8, 9, and 9 patients with head and neck, chest, abdomen, pelvic cavity, and limb spinal tumors, respectively. The total duration of radiotherapy was 2-4 weeks for 10-16 times. There were 246 adverse events in 45 cases, with an incidence of 98%. No severe adverse events occurred. The adverse events definitely related to carbon ion devices accounted for 19.1%, and no severe adverse events related to carbon ion devices occurred. According to the evaluation criteria of common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE), the main adverse events were CTCAE grade 2 and below, with only 1 (2%) head and neck tumor patient (nasopharyngeal malignant tumor) experienced CTCAE grade 3 adverse events after treatment. In addition, 43 patients developed acute adverse reactions, with an incidence of 93%, mainly involving the skin, mucosa, eyes, ears, pharynx and esophagus, upper gastrointestinal tract, lower gastrointestinal tract (including pelvic cavity), lung, genitourinary tract, heart, central nervous system and hematology (white blood cells, platelets and neutrophils), etc. Conclusion:The adverse reactions of patients treated with the first carbon ion therapy system are mainly CTCAE grade 2 and below, and the clinical adverse events are mild and controllable.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) with the prognosis of locally advanced gastric carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

METHODSPatients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma undergoing NACT in our hospital from November 2010 to September 2011 were enrolled in this prospective study. MRI examinations were performed before and after NACT. ADCs of the whole lesion (ADCentire) and high signal area on DWI (ADCmin) were calculated, and the cancer thickness on T2-weighted images was measured. All the patients were divided into long-term survival group and poor prognosis group, according to the 3-year survival status. The pre-therapy baseline values and early percentage changes (%delta) of the above parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were employed to compare the performance of the above parameters in the discrimination of different prognosis groups.

RESULTSA total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 14 patients of long-term survival group and 10 patients of poor prognosis group. No statistical difference in baseline ADCmin and ADCentire was shown between long-term survival group and poor prognosis group [ADCmin: (1.17 ± 0.23)×10⁻³ mm²/s vs. (1.23 ± 0.27) × 10⁻³ mm²/s, P>0.05; ADCentire: (1.43 ± 0.20) × 10⁻³ mm²/s vs. (1.50 ± 0.24) × 10⁻³ mm²/s, P>0.05]. The % ΔADCmin and % ΔADCentire were both higher in long-term survival group than those in poor prognosis group (% ΔADCmin: 21% vs. 5%, P=0.06; % ΔADCentire: 23% vs. 1%, P=0.02). Through ROC curves, the AUCs for pre-therapy cancer thickness, ADCmin and ADCentire were 0.693, 0.543 and 0.600 respectively, and AUCs for % deltathickness, % ΔADCmin and % ΔADCentire were 0.532, 0.729 and 0.779 respectively, in the differentiation of prognosis. Using % ΔADC≥15% to predict long-term survival, the positive predictive value (PPV) for % ΔADCmin was 81.8% and % ΔADCentire was 83.3%. Using % ΔADC ≤ 10% to predict poor prognosis, the PPV for % ΔADCmin was 63.6% and % ΔADCentire was 70.0%.

CONCLUSIONSThe change of ADC after NACT of gastric carcinoma is correlated with long-term prognosis. The significantly increased ADC is prone to signify long-term survival. ADCentire is better than ADCmin in the prognosis prediction.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) with the prognosis of locally advanced gastric carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods Patients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma undergoing NACT in our hospital from November 2010 to September 2011 were enrolled in this prospective study. MRI examinations were performed before and after NACT. ADCs of the whole lesion (ADCentire) and high signal area on DWI (ADCmin) were calculated, and the cancer thickness on T2-weighted images was measured. All the patients were divided into long-term survival group and poor prognosis group, according to the 3-year survival status. The pre-therapy baseline values and early percentage changes (%△) of the above parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were employed to compare the performance of the above parameters in the discrimination of different prognosis groups. Results A total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 14 patients of long-term survival group and 10 patients of poor prognosis group. No statistical difference in baseline ADCmin and ADCentire was shown between long-term survival group and poor prognosis group [ADCmin: (1.17±0.23)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.23±0.27) ×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05; ADCentire: (1.43±0.20)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.50±0.24)×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05]. The %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were both higher in long-term survival group than those in poor prognosis group (%△ADCmin: 21% vs. 5%, P=0.06; %△ADCentire: 23% vs. 1%, P=0.02). Through ROC curves, the AUCs for pre-therapy cancer thickness, ADCmin and ADCentire were 0.693, 0.543 and 0.600 respectively, and AUCs for %△thickness, %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were 0.532, 0.729 and 0.779 respectively, in the differentiation of prognosis. Using %△ADC≥15% to predict long-term survival, the positive predictive value (PPV) for %△ADCmin was 81.8% and %△ADCentire was 83.3%. Using %△ADC≤10% to predict poor prognosis, the PPV for %△ADCmin was 63.6% and%△ADCentire was 70.0%. Conclusions The change of ADC after NACT of gastric carcinoma is correlated with long-term prognosis. The significantly increased ADC is prone to signify long-term survival. ADCentire is better than ADCmin in the prognosis prediction.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) with the prognosis of locally advanced gastric carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods Patients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma undergoing NACT in our hospital from November 2010 to September 2011 were enrolled in this prospective study. MRI examinations were performed before and after NACT. ADCs of the whole lesion (ADCentire) and high signal area on DWI (ADCmin) were calculated, and the cancer thickness on T2-weighted images was measured. All the patients were divided into long-term survival group and poor prognosis group, according to the 3-year survival status. The pre-therapy baseline values and early percentage changes (%△) of the above parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were employed to compare the performance of the above parameters in the discrimination of different prognosis groups. Results A total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 14 patients of long-term survival group and 10 patients of poor prognosis group. No statistical difference in baseline ADCmin and ADCentire was shown between long-term survival group and poor prognosis group [ADCmin: (1.17±0.23)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.23±0.27) ×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05; ADCentire: (1.43±0.20)×10-3 mm2/s vs. (1.50±0.24)×10-3 mm2/s, P>0.05]. The %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were both higher in long-term survival group than those in poor prognosis group (%△ADCmin: 21% vs. 5%, P=0.06; %△ADCentire: 23% vs. 1%, P=0.02). Through ROC curves, the AUCs for pre-therapy cancer thickness, ADCmin and ADCentire were 0.693, 0.543 and 0.600 respectively, and AUCs for %△thickness, %△ADCmin and %△ADCentire were 0.532, 0.729 and 0.779 respectively, in the differentiation of prognosis. Using %△ADC≥15% to predict long-term survival, the positive predictive value (PPV) for %△ADCmin was 81.8% and %△ADCentire was 83.3%. Using %△ADC≤10% to predict poor prognosis, the PPV for %△ADCmin was 63.6% and%△ADCentire was 70.0%. Conclusions The change of ADC after NACT of gastric carcinoma is correlated with long-term prognosis. The significantly increased ADC is prone to signify long-term survival. ADCentire is better than ADCmin in the prognosis prediction.