Objective To explore the patients satisfaction with participation in medical and nursing decision making and the influencing factors among cancer patients, and to provide a basis for developing better medical care services. Methods Totally 159 cancer patients were recruited from Beijing Cancer Hospital, and then were investigated with the general information questionnaire, the patients′ expectation for participation in clinical decision making scale, the patients′ competence for participation in clinical decision making scale, and the patients′satisfaction with participation in medical and nursing decision making questionnaires. Results The total score of patients′satisfaction with participation in medical and nursing decision making were (45.92±3.91) and (34.25±3.31) respectively. Compared with female patients, male patients had higher satisfaction with medical decision making (46.45±3.24&44.87±4.84) and nursing decision making (34.68 ± 2.93&33.42 ± 3.84) (t=2.416, P=0.017;t=2.275, P=0.024);and compared with melanoma patients, lung cancer patients had higher satisfaction with medical decision making (46.51 ± 2.69&43.33 ± 7.07, P=0.002);compared withⅢstage patients, Ⅳstage patients had higher satisfaction with nursing decision making(34.97±2.24&32.40±4.56, P<0.01). Meanwhile, the satisfaction with participation in decision making was significantly positively associated with patients′ expectation and competence for participation in clinical decision making. Conclusions Patients′satisfaction for decision making may vary from different gender, tumor types, disease stages, and patients′expectation and competence. Health care providers still further strength patients′ knowledge and initiative of decision making, and then improve patients′satisfaction with participation in decision making.

Bioleaching of Cu and Fe in low-grade chalcopyrite using Penicillium janthinellum strian GXCR was studied. As a result, shaking bioleaching was more efficient than submerged bioleaching; Cu bioleaching was much better than Fe bioleaching; under conditions of optimum carbon source (10% sucrose, W/V), optimum nitrogen source (1.5% NaNO3, W/V), shaking bioleaching and the optimum combination of conditions (initial pH 6.0 in leaching media, 5% (W/V) 200-mesh ore and initial inocula of 3.0x10(5) conidia/mL), Cu bioleaching efficiency reached 87.31% (W/W). One of the most important factors affecting Cu bioleaching in shaking bioleaching was the initial pH in leaching media (F > F0.05). The major organic acids for Cu and Fe bioleaching were citric and oxalic acids, respectively. Low bioleaching efficiency by submerged bioleaching was due to low production of citric and oxalic acids. The mechanisms employed by the GXCR in Cu bioleaching included biochemical functions of citric and oxalic acids as well as ore crack caused by mechanical power generated from mycelial growth.
Biodegradation, Environmental ; Citric Acid ; chemistry ; Copper ; metabolism ; Industrial Waste ; prevention & control ; Iron ; metabolism ; Oxalic Acid ; chemistry ; Penicillium ; metabolism ; Refuse Disposal ; methods

Aiming at the application of big data of biobank , this paper briefly analyzed the ethical and legal is-sues.Combined with the potential legal attribute of biobank namely creditor ' s right, virtual property right , and new intellectual property right , this paper also detailed the legal basis of biobank .Regarding the disputes existing in the big data ' s ownership of biobank and non -establishment of the sharing system of big data , this paper mean-while put forward some planning assumptions and suggestions .Firstly, the boundary between privacy protection and the development of big data should be determined .Secondly , the legal attribute and ownership of the big data of biobank should be confirmed .Finally, it should establish a sharing system of biobank when strengthen the protec-tion of intellectual property right .

Objective: To analyze the anesthetic effect of dexmedetomidine in laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy and its influence on hemodynamics, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Ramsay sedation score after operation. Methods: A total of 86 patients who received laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy under general intravenous anesthesia in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from March 2017 to June 2017 were enrolled, and all the patients were divided into two groups by using random number table method. The observation group (43 cases) was intravenously injected with dexmedetomidine (0.6 μg/kg) before induction of general anesthesia, and the dose was changed to 0.4 μg/kg after 15 min with drug withdrawal till 30 minutes before surgery, the control group (43 cases) was given an equal volume of 0.9% normal saline. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate change before anesthetic induction (T₁), tracheal intubation time (T₂), after intubation (T₃), section time (T₄) and the immediate time after intubation (T₅) were compared between the two groups. The VAS and Ramsay scores at 1 h and 4 h after surgery and the intraoperative doses of anesthesia maintenance drugs were also compared between the two groups. Results: The heart rate and MAP of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at the time of T₁, T₃-T₅, the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The VAS and Ramsay scores of the observation group were better than those of the control group at 1 h and 4 h after operation, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The intraoperative doses of propofol and remifentanil in the observation group were (964±251) mg and (3.1±0.8) mg, respectively, which were less than those in the control group [(1 485±425) mg and (4.8±0.8) mg], the differences were statistically significant (t = 9.913, P < 0.01; t = 9.834, P < 0.01). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce the stress response of patients with laparoscopic D2 radical anesthesia, enhance the sedative effect, and reduce the dosage of propofol and remifentanil, therefore, it has high clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the expression of CXC chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) and CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) in triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC) and its significance.Methods The EnVision immunohistochemistry system was used to detect the expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 in 28 specimens from normal tissues adjacent to breast cancer,30 specimens of invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS),and 34 TNBC specimens.The relationship between the expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2,and clinical pathological features was analyzed.Results In the adjacent normal tissues of breast cancer,the positive expression rates of CXCR 1 and CXCR2 were 89.3％ and 92.9％,respectively;CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression displayed no significant association with clinicopathological parameters such as age,tumor size,or Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) score.The positive expression rates of CXCR1 and CXCR2 were 63.3％ and 60.0％,respectively,in the IDC-NOS samples and 23.5％ and 35.3％,respectively,in the TNBC samples.There was a positive correlation between CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression in the TNBC samples (r =0.606,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Correlation of CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression with sample type was strong in adjacent normal tissues,moderate in IDC-NOS samples,and low in TNBC samples.CXCR1 expression was positively correlated with CXCR2 expression in all sample types.The expression of CXCR1 or CXCR2 was closely related to the development and promotion of TNBC.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is the most common chronic lung disease in very preterm infants.Some severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia is often combined with pulmonary hypertension，characterized by diffuse alveolar damage and abnormal pulmonary vascular remodeling，followed by right heart failure due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance.It seriously affects the physical and neurological development of preterm infants.Pulmonary vasodilator drugs can reduce pulmonary artery pressure through nitric oxide pathway，endothelin pathway and prostaglandin pathway.This review summarized the pulmonary vasodilator drugs in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Glioma is a common primary intracra-nial tumor.Malignant glioma has a high mortality rate and an inferior prognosis.Despite various ther-apeutic interventions,the overall survival rate is still meager.Sesquiterpene lactone is a kind of natu-ral product containing α-methylene-γ-lactone,which has strong anti-tumor activity.In recent years,there have been many reports on the anti-gli-oma effect of sesquiterpene lactone compounds,such as ACT001,which is a structural modification of sesquiterpene lactone(Parthenolide)and has en-tered the clinical trial stage as a potential antican-cer drug.This paper reviews the activity and mecha-nism of sesquiterpene lactones with anti-glioma ef-fects,which have been studied in recent.years.

Objective To study the application of oral motor intervention program in premature infants with oral feeding.Methods Totally 82 cases of premature infants from August 2014 to July 2015 were selected as the research object,and were assigned to the observation group and the control group according to lot method,with 41 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received regular feeding intervention,while patients in the observation group received oral motor intervention.The feeding process,hospitalization time,feeding performance,situation of body weight increasing and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in gestational age between two groups when infants began to correct the feeding method (P ＞ 0.05).The gestational age and the time of progress in infants with completely oral feeding of the observation group were significantly shorter than that in the control group (P＜ 0.05).The hospitalization time in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group,while the feeding efficiency,feeding effect and the intake of milk were significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The situation of body weight in the observation group before discharge was significantly better than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The feeding intolerance,apnea,the rate of blood oxygen saturation reducing adverse reaction were significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions To a certain extent,oral exercise intervention program can improve the oral feeding process of premature infants and reduce the hospitalization time of premature infants.It is advantageous to the rapid growth of body weight in premature infants and the improvement of feed efficiency,and it also can reduce the rate of adverse reactions.

Objective To study the epidemiologic characteristics of influenza in Gansu province of China and to optimize the related vaccination program.Methods Weekly influenza surveillance data from the first week of 2010 to the fortieth week of 2016 were collected,in Gansu province.x2 test was used to compare the differences of nucleic acid positive rate and the virus types in the four seasons.Time series seasonal decomposition (TSSD) was used to explore seasonal patterns and characteristics of influenza epidemics in Gansu.Results 59 791 specimens were tested,with 8 501 positive for influenza virus and positive rates as 14.22％.Types A(H1N1)pdm09,A(H3N2) and type B were accounted for 98.76％ of all the positive specimens.Proportions of the positive rate of influenza virus appeared in spring,summer,autumn and winter were 15.12％,0.98％,4.02％ and 24.26％ respectively.The predominant type of virus in autumn and winter was A(H3N2),with B mainly in spring.Influenza in Gansu province showed typical single-peak type distribution,with epidemic peak appeared from December to next January.The type A(H3N2) related peak appeared the earliest,followed by A(H1N1)pdm09,with type B the latest.Conclusions Peaks and the duration of influenza seasonal epidemics were related to the types of dominant strains.Annual influenza vaccination campaigns should start in October,to provide effective protection during the epidemic period.

Objective To understand the dominant pathogens of febrile respiratory syndrome (FRS) patients in Gansu province and to establish the Bayes discriminant function in order to identify the patients infected with the dominant pathogens.Methods FRS patients were collected in various sentinel hospitals of Gansu province from 2009 to 2015 and the dominant pathogens were determined by describing the composition of pathogenic profile.Significant clinical variables were selected by stepwise discriminant analysis to establish the Bayes discriminant function.Results In the detection of pathogens for FRS,both influenza virus and rhinovirus showed higher positive rates than those caused by other viruses (13.79％,8.63％),that accounting for 54.38％,13.73％ of total viral positive patients.Most frequently detected bacteria would include Streptococcus pneumoniae,and haemophilus influenza (44.41％,18.07％) that accounting for 66.21％ and 24.55％ among the bacterial positive patients.The original-validated rate of discriminant function,established by 11 clinical variables,was 73.1％,with the cross-validated rate as 70.6％.Conclusion Influenza virus,Rhinovirus,Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were the dominant pathogens of FRS in Gansu province.Results from the Bayes discriminant analysis showed both higher accuracy in the classification of dominant pathogens,and applicative value for FRS.