ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effectiveness and safety of Xiaozhong Zhitong Mixture （消肿止痛合剂） combined with antibiotic bone cement in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer （DFU） with damp-heat obstructing syndrome. MethodsA total of 72 DFU patients with damp-heat obstructing syndrome were randomly assigned to treatment group （36 cases） and the control group （36 cases）. Both groups received standard treatment and topical antibiotic bone cement for ulcer wounds， while the treatment group received oral Xiaozhong Zhitong Mixture （50 ml per time， three times daily） in additionally. Both groups underwent daily wound dressing changes for 21 consecutive days. Ulcer healing rate， serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， interleukin-1 beta （IL-1β）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， C-reactive protein （CRP）， and white blood cell （WBC） count were observed before and after treatment， and visual analog scale （VAS） scores for wound pain， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores， and the DFU Healing Scale （DMIST scale） were also compared. Liver and kidney function were evaluated before and after treatment， and adverse events such as allergic reactions， worsening ulcer pain were recorded. ResultsTotally 35 patients in the treatment group and 33 in the control group were included in the final analysis. The ulcer healing rate in the treatment group was （87.93±9.34）%， significantly higher than （81.82±12.02）% in the control group （P = 0.035）. Compared to pre-treatment levels， both groups showed significant reductions in serum CRP， WBC， MDA， IL-1β， and TNF-α levels， with an increase in SOD level （P＜0.05）. TCM syndrome scores， VAS， and DMIST scores also significantly decreased in both groups （P＜0.05）， with greater improvements in the treatment group （P＜0.05）. No significant adverse reactions were observed in either group during treatment. ConclusionXiaozhong Zhitong Mixture combined with antibiotic bone cement has significant advantages in promoting DFU healing， reducing inflammatory response， and alleviating oxidative stress in DFU patients with damp-heat obstructing syndrome， with good safety for DFU patients with damp-heat obstructing syndrome.

BACKGROUND:Flap transplantation technique is a commonly used surgical procedure for the treatment of severe tissue defects,but postoperative flap necrosis is easily triggered by ischemia-reperfusion injury.Therefore,it is still an important research topic to improve the survival rate of transplanted flaps. OBJECTIVE:To review the pathogenesis and latest treatment progress of flap ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:CNKI,WanFang Database and PubMed database were searched for relevant literature published from 2014 to 2024.The search terms used were"flap,ischemia-reperfusion injury,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,Ca2+overload,apoptosis,mesenchymal stem cells,platelet-rich plasma,signaling pathways,shock wave,pretreatment"in Chinese and English.After elimination of irrelevant literature,poor quality and obsolete literature,77 documents were finally included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Flap ischemia/reperfusion injury may be related to pathological factors such as inflammatory response,oxidative stress response,Ca2+overload,and apoptosis,which can cause apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells,vascular damage and microcirculation disorders in the flap,and eventually lead to flap necrosis.Studies have found that mesenchymal stem cell transplantation,platelet-rich plasma,signaling pathway modulators,shock waves,and pretreatment can alleviate flap ischemia/reperfusion injuries from different aspects and to varying degrees,and reduce the necrosis rate and necrosis area of the grafted flap.Although there are many therapeutic methods for skin flap ischemia/reperfusion injury,a unified and effective therapeutic method has not yet been developed in the clinic,and the advantages and disadvantages of various therapeutic methods have not yet been compared.Most of the studies remain in the stage of animal experiments,rarely involving clinical observations.Therefore,a lot of research is required in the future to gradually move from animal experiments to the clinic in order to better serve the clinic.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules. METHODS Taking high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and evaporative light scattering detection as method， the fingerprint of 15 batches of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules was established， and similarity evaluation was performed by Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM （2012 edition） to determine common peaks. The common peaks were identified by comparing with reference substance chromatograms and single decoction piece chromatograms. Network pharmacology was used to screen out core targets and pathways of identified components， construct a “component-target-pathway” network diagram， and predict the pharmacodynamic components of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules， and the content determination of these components was carried out by the same method. RESULTS HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules were characterized with 40 common peaks， and 17 components including salvianolic acid B， astragaloside Ⅳ， notoginsenoside R1， and ginkgolide A were identified. Network pharmacology predicted that 17 components mainly acted on 97 core targets and 137 pathways to exert their pharmacological effect. Average contents of 13 bioactive components in 15 batches of samples were 0.126 8， 0.232 0， 0.073 8， 0.353 2， 3.620 2， 0.191 0， 0.333 3， 0.317 4， 0.785 0， 0.538 2， 0.460 0， 2.475 1 and 0.347 7 mg/g， including calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside， rosmarinic acid， formononetin， lithospermic acid， salvianolic acid B， ononin， ginsenoside Rb1， ginsenoside Rd， ginkgolide C， ginkgolide A， ginkgolide B， notoginsenoside R1， and astragaloside Ⅳ. CONCLUSIONS The established fingerprint of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules can reflect the overall characteristics of the preparation. The content determination method for its pharmacodynamic components， developed in combination with network pharmacology， is accurate， reliable， and exhibits good repeatability， making it suitable for evaluating the quality of Yindan huoxue tongyu granules.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and prognostic factors of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Jianyang City from 2020 to 2023. Methods Medical records of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease patients treated in three hospitals in Jianyang City from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected, and their epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for mortality. Results From 2020 to 2023, 23000 cases of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were reported in Jianyang City, with a standardized incidence rate of 508.76/100 000 and a gender ratio of 1.33:1. All diseases and the total standardized incidence rate of men are higher than those of women; ≥ The total incidence rate and all incidence rate of the 85 year old group are the highest; The incidence rate is the highest in 2021, and the incidence rate is the highest in spring and winter. The standardized mortality rate of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was 108.08/100 000, with significant differences among different ages, disease types, and onset seasons (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age, onset season, and disease type were independent risk factors for patient mortality (P<0.05). Conclusion From 2020 to 2023, the standardized incidence rate of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Jianyang City is higher, which is more common in the elderly population. The risk of men is higher than that of women, and the risk is higher in spring and winter. Age, disease type, and onset season are all directly related to the risk of death. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and optimize emergency treatment work in order to improve patient prognosis.

Objective To explore the effect of the knockdown of transmembrane 9 superfamily protein member 2 (TM9SF2) on the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and investigate its role in the mechanism of antiviral innate immunity. Methods Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down the TM9SF2 gene in human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. The CCK-8 method was used to assess cell proliferation. A VSV-green fluorescent protein (VSV-GFP) infected cell model was established. The plaque assay was used to measure the viral titer in the supernatant. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were employed to quantify the mRNA and protein levels of VSV genome replication in A549 cells following VSV infection, as well as the expression of interferon β (IFN-β) mRNA and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) protein phosphorylation following polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) stimulation. Results Compared to the negative control, the knockdown of TM9SF2 exhibited a significant effect, with no observed impact on A549 cell proliferation. The VSV-GFP infected A549 cell model was successfully established. After viral stimulation, fluorescence intensity was reduced following TM9SF2 knockdown, and the mRNA and protein levels of VSV were significantly downregulated. The viral titer of VSV was decreased. After poly(I:C) stimulation, TM9SF2 knockdown significantly upregulated the mRNA level of IFN-β and the phosphorylation level of IRF3 protein. Conclusion The knockdown of TM9SF2 inhibits the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus, and positively regulates the type I interferon signaling pathway, thus enhancing the host's antiviral innate immune response.
Humans ; Virus Replication/genetics* ; Signal Transduction ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; A549 Cells ; Vesiculovirus/physiology* ; Interferon-beta/metabolism* ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/genetics* ; Interferon Type I/metabolism* ; Vesicular Stomatitis/immunology* ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/physiology* ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics*

After the production of the gradient coil of the magnetic resonance imaging system, electromagnetic field testing is required to verify whether the assembly accuracy meets the electromagnetic field requirements. Since the passive magnetic field B _z satisfies the Laplace ^,s equation and is a harmonic function, and according to the extreme value principle of harmonic function, the maximum or minimum values of B _z can only appear on the boundaries, so the observation points of the magnetic field are generally selected on the surface of the spherical imaging area. For superconducting magnets used for human body magnetic resonance imaging, a spherical area with a center diameter of 40~50 cm is generally selected as the shimming target area. Only the field value of the target area needs to be measured, and the spherical harmonic coefficients obtained after data processing are used to determine the magnetic field performance of the gradient coil. There are many testing principles and methods for electromagnetic fields, so there is no unified way and method in the field of commercial applications. This article is based on the Gauss-Legendre numerical integration, measures and analyzes the magnetic field performance of gradient coils by building a data acquisition system, and this article applies numerical analysis methods to calculate the spherical harmonic coefficients of the magnetic field using discrete test data, providing a feasible method for the production and testing of gradient coils.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Magnetic Fields ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Equipment Design

The casting and curing of gradient coils in the production process is a relatively complex process. The chemical process similar to the black box model requires confirmation of the impact of each step of input on the output results, while the curing temperature and molding method affect the roundness and deformation of the gradient coils. The analysis of the curing temperature and demolding method of gradient coils has important practical significance for the formation and micro deformation of gradient coils. This article uses ANSYS finite element simulation software to analyze the thermal structural coupling and the specific performance of actual products. It has been found that the product quality is more stable under the heat conduction mode, and the roundness of the mold is better when placed vertically and waiting for temperature cooling before being demolding than when placed horizontally.

Objective To understand the status of HIV infection among unpaid blood donors in Hangzhou,and to provide data support for reducing the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion,and formulating effective blood donor recruitment and AIDS prevention and control strategies in Hangzhou.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and nucleic acid testing(NAT)were used to detect HIV-I/Ⅱ antibody/antigen and HIV RNA from 902 847 unpaid blood donors in Hangzhou from January 2016 to December 2020.Anti-HIV antibody/antigen or HIV RNA reactive samples were sent to Hangzhou Center for Disease Control(CDC)for further confirmation by Western bloting and NAT.Results A total of 103 HIV positive cases were detected in Hangzhou area from January 2016 to December 2020,with a positive detection rate of 0.01%,101 cases were positive for ELISA and NAT screening,2 cases were negative for ELISA screening and positive for NAT.Among the 103 infected patients,males(91.26%,94/103),18-35 years old(69.90%,72/103),and first-time blood donors(68.93%,71/103)were the majority.The positive rate of HIV among blood donors decreased year by year from 2016 to 2020(χ2=7.181,P=0.007),but there was no significant difference in HIV positive rate between male and female blood donors(χ2=10.336,P=0.350;χ2=0.653,P=0.957).There was no significant difference in HIV positive rate among blood donors of different age groups(χ2=6.378,P=0.173;χ2=2.318,P=0.678;χ2=5.284,P=0.259;χ2=9.183,P=0.057).Conclusion In recent 5 years,HIV infection has been at a low epidemic level among unpaid blood donors in Hangzhou,but there is still an infection risk.It is necessary to strengthen the recruitment of blood donors from low-risk groups,adopt advanced detection technology and select appropriate detection strategies to ensure blood safety.

Flap surgery is a complex surgical procedure that has become an effective method for the treatment of many diseases and traumas. Flap survival is closely related to a variety of factors including cellular autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) function, and vascular regeneration. Cellular autophagy maintains intracellular homeostasis and plays a key role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and promoting injury repair. Excessive oxidative stress and inflammatory responses pose a threat to flaps, affecting their survival and successful transplantation. Endothelial cells are involved in vascular regeneration through proliferation, migration, and production of angiogenic factors, and vascular endothelial growth factor directly promotes blood vessel formation and maintains endothelial cell function.MSCs play an important role in promoting flap survival and tissue repair due to their unique biological properties and multiple mechanisms of action. The multiple roles played by cellular autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, MSCs function, and vascular regeneration in influencing postoperative flap survival are hereby elaborated. The aim is to provide a basis for the clinical application of regulating the above factors to improve postoperative flap survival, improve the success rate of flap surgery, reduce complications, and bring more hope for the recovery and quality of life of patients.

Objective:To predict and analyze the T/B combined epitope of EM10 protein in Echinococcus multilocularis, and identify the expressed products of the biosynthetic EM10 multi epitopes. Methods:The gene-related information of EM10 protein was obtained through NCBI GenBank public database. Bioinformatics technique was used to predict and analyze the T/B binding epitopes of EM10 protein. The prokaryotic expession recombinant plasmid pET30a-EM10 (epitope) was synthesized, and transformed into host bacteria Ecoli. BL21 (DE3). The expression of EM10 recombinant multi-epitope protein was identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting after induced expression by isopropyl thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). Results:The total length of EM10 gene was 1 759 bp (GenBank registration number: U05573), and its protein amino acid sequence (GenBank registration number: AAA50580.1) was 559 amino acids. By using Phyre software for homology modeling, the tertiary structure of EM10 protein was obtained, and the T/B combined epitope of EM10 protein was successfully predicted, the dominant epitope was located at 46 - 61, 133 - 183, 239 - 255 and 442 - 475 amino acid sites. The (GGGGS)n linker sequence was used to connect the epitopes to form an EM10 recombinant multi-epitope protein with a total of 206 amino acid. The size of the DNA fragment was 618 bp and the relative molecular weight of the protein was 22.66 × 10 3. The prokaryotic expession recombinant plasmid was validated by enzyme digestion, the results showed that the plasmid size was between 5 000 and 6 000 bp, which was consistent with the length of the constructed plasmid (5 854 bp). SDS-PAGE showed that the target protein was expressed in the supernatant induced by IPTG at 37 ℃ and the effect was the best. The relative molecular weight of the protein was 22.66 × 10 3 by Western blotting, which was consistent with the constructed plasmid. Conclusions:The combined epitope of EM10 T/B is successfully designed and predicted using bioinformatics technology. A prokaryotic expression recombinant plasmid is constructed, the expression of EM10 recombinant multi-epitope protein is verified through experiments, providing an experimental basis for the construction of an EM10 dominant epitope diagnostic kit.