Cerebral ischemia and the aftermath of reperfusion form a hypoxic/hyperoxic sequence of events that can trigger DNA damage in neurons of central nervous system. Neuronal apoptosis will happen without immediate DNA repair. APE/Ref-1 is a multifunctional protein involoved in DNA base excision repair pathway and in redox reguiation of DNA-binding activity of AP-1 family members, which may play an important role in protection of postischemic neuronal damage.

Objective To analyze the descending trend of maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and its related influencing factors in order to improve the descending speed of MMR. Methods The influencial factor analysis and u test were made on data collected from 232 rural counties of eight provinces in China. Results MMR had shown remarkable reduction from 1995 to 2000, a drop by 51.33%. However, there was still a gap if compared with the ratio of the whole country. Major causes influencing the descending speed of MMR include the high speed of economic development, more expenditure of health, quality of maternal service, such as the ratio of hospital delivery, cleaning delivery, prenatal and postnatal health care. Conclusion In order to accelerate the descending speed of MMR, attempts to increase the improvement speed of maternal health care, quality of maternal service and more expenditure of health should be made.

The special trichrome stain and immunocytochemical stain were used to show neurites, Schwann's cells in cultured pe-ripheral nerve tissue. The dorsal root ganglia(DRG) of rat were cultured on polypyrrole membrane for 2 weeks. Then, the cul-tured speciments were stained by special stain, which was composed of hematoxylin, fast green FCF. ehromotrope 2R and phos-photungstic acid; or by immunocytochemical stain with anti-S-100 protein and anti-neurofilament antibodies. In the specialtrichrome stained specimen the long processes from DRG were stained aquamarine blue; part of the cell nuclei on the processes orpolypyrrole membrane were stained red or purplish red, and the cytoplasm ashen. We testified that the long processes from DRGwere neurites and the cells which were purplish red nuclei and ashen cytoplasm were Schwann's cells in immunocytochemicalstain. The special staining could differentiate neurites and Schwann's cells in cultured peripheral nerve tissue.

Objective To observe the effects of Yushen Heji on expressions of Heme Oxygenase (HO-1) and HO-2 in kidney of diabetic rats;To explore its mechanism in diabetic nephropathy. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, control group and treatment group. Models were duplicated by subcutaneous injection STZ. Control group and treatment group were given gavage with related medicine, while normal group and model group were given gavage with the same amount of distilled water. Eight weeks later, the urine of rats was collected to detect the 24 h Upro and Ucr;the rats were sacrificed to detect the levels of CO, BUN and Scr;the kidneys were harvested for observing the expressions of HO-1 and HO-2 by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with normal group, the contents of BUN, 24 h Upro and Scr all increased in model group;Ccr and plasma CO decreased;the expressions of HO-1 and HO-2 in kidney tissues were obviously reduced (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the contents of BUN, 24 h Upro and Scr all obviously decreased in treatment group and control group;Ccr and plasma CO increased;the expressions of HO-1 and HO-2 in kidney tissues obviously increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with control group, the contents of 24 h Upro decreased in treatment group;plasma CO increased;the expressions of HO-1 and HO-2 in kidney tissues obviously increased (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Yushen Heji has therapeutic effect on diabetic nephropathy rats, which may related with HO/CO system.

PurposeSmart neuro attenuation correlation (SNAC) is a new method of calculated attention correction. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of SNAC on the quality and standardized uptake value of brain imaging with PET/CT.Materials and Methods Fifty-eight patients who underwent systematic scan with18F-FDG PET/CT were analyzed retrospectively. CT attenuation correlation (CTAC) and SNAC brain PET images were reconstructed respectively. All images were analyzed by visual assessment and Scenium software and the results of the two methods were compared with regard to image contrast, homogeneity and mean SUV at different cerebral regions. Moreover, the correlation of the mean SUV of the two methods was further analyzed.Results There was no significant visual difference of contrast and uniformity between SNAC and CTAC. The Scenium analysis shows that the contrast of SNAC images were slightly higher than that of CTAC, but the difference were not statistically significant (4.19±1.11vs. 4.08±1.03,t=0.764,P>0.05). The uniformity of SNAC images were slightly lower than that of CTAC (1.00vs. 0.83). The mean SUV at various brain regions measured by SNAC was greater than that by CTAC, but both were significantly correlated (r=0.978,P<0.01), and the linear regression analysis also demonstrated that the results were consistent (R2=0.959). Compared with that measured by CTAC, the average percentage difference of SUV measured by SNAC was 8.45±4.71, but it varied greatly at 10 brain regions (-8.56-27.93). The analysis of variance presented significant differences in the average percentage difference of SUV at different brain regions (F=119.084,P<0.01), while the average percentage difference at the outer slices was greater than that at the central slices. Conclusion No significant difference exists in image quality between SNAC and CTAC. Although the mean SUV at different brain regions measured by SNAC may increase by various degrees, it is significantly associated with the results measured by CTAC. Moreover, SNAC simplifies the process of examination and reduces radiation dose, which is beneficial to patients as a qualitative method.

Objective To observe the effects of Dengzhan Shengmai capsule on β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition in the brain and learning and memory function in renovascular hypertensive rats (RHRSP).Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (5 rats per group):normal group,shamoperated group,hypertension with Dengzhan Shengmai capsule treatment group and hypertension with normal saline (NS) treatment group.Renovascular hypertensive models were created by clipping two-kidney.Dengzhan Shengmai capsules were dissolved in sterile 0.9％ NS and were administered (20 mg · kg-1 per day) by daily gavage for 4 weeks.In the NS group,hypertensive rats were given saline in the same volume.Immunofluorescent labeling and western blot were used to detect the expression of Aβ,NF-κB,IL-1β,TNF-α in the brain,respectively.Learning and memory function were detected by Morris water maze.Results RHRSP significantly increased Aβ deposition in the cerebral cortex and impaired memory function in rats.Dengzhan Shengmai capsule treatment significantly lowered the blood pressure compared with NS treatment((157.45±11.58) mmHgvs (197.76±10.12) mmHg).In addition,the levels of Aβ,NF-κB p65,IL-1β,TNF-α protein were significantly reduced,by Dengzhan Shengmai caspule treatment.The escape latency was shortened((24.64±4.57) s vs (37.17±3.87)s),while the frequency of passing through the platform quadrant(5.39±0.12 vs 3.05±0.28) and the dwell time((27.34±3.67) s vs (16.83±5.76)s) (all P＜0.01) in the platform quadrant were significantly increased by Dengzhan Shengmai capsule treatment.Conclusions Dengzhan Shengmai capsule may reduce Aβ deposition in brain and improve learning and memory function by anti-inflammatory effects in RHRSP.

Objective To discuss the value of MRI in the assessment of diagnosis and staging of cervical carcinoma. To compare MRI diagnosis value before surgery and pathology staging after surgery in uterine cervical carcinoma. Methods Pelvic MRI were performed in 50 patients with cervical carcinoma. The pathological type included 47 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 2 cases of adenocarcinoma and 1 cases adeno-squamous carcinoma. The MRI scanning included axial SE T1WI, axial , sagittal and coronal FSE T2WI ,and axial , sagittal and coronal enhanced or dynamic contrast-enhanced MR. MR staging were compared with surgical pathologic staging after surgery in 38 patients. Results The accuracy of MR imaging in stage Ⅰ - ⅡA of cervical cancer were 82.35 %. These patients performed an operation of hysterectomy or subtotal hysterectomy surgery. The accuracy of MR imaging in stage ⅢA-ⅣB were 100 %. The accuracy of MRI in total stage were 84.21%. Conclusion MR imaging can show the local tumors and extension of the cervical cancer clearly on multiple planes and angles. Preoperative staging with high accuracy, MR1 is conducive to preoperative evaluation, surgical plan formulation and selection.

Objective\ Clone and sequence choriocarcinoma related gene T26. Method\ Choriocarcinoma related gene T26 was ligated into PGEM\|T vector using T\|A clone method.PGEM\|T\|T26 was digested with EcoRⅠ and sequenced,comparing the T26 sequence with GenBank. Results\ The sequence of choriocarcinoma related gene band T26 showed more than 99% identity with the 3' end of human scar,rps4 and ccg2 genes. Conclusion\ The gene T26 besides scar,rps4 and ccg2 genes were related with the oncogenesis of choriocarcinoma. [

Objective To report one stage treatment of chronic tibial defection in children. Methods 19 children with chronic tibial defection were treated in our department when their infection was at the stage of latency. First their focuses of infection were cleared away. Next a piece of fibula with vessel pedicles whose length was equal to that of the tibial defect was taken as the support to restore the length of the tibia. Then the external fixators were applied and a mixture of antibiotic and Lebone powder was used to fill the defect. Results In 15 cases the incision healed at one stage, slight infection occurred in 4 cases whose incisions healed after treatment of 3 to 4 weeks. Follow-ups of 0.5 to 1.5 years showed that no infection occurred again, bone defects healed well and limb function was satisfactory. Conclusion To treat chronic tibial defection in children at one stage, combined therapy should be applied. Grafting of fibula with vessel pedicles and Lebone under external fixators is a good one, because it can shorten the treatment time at no cost of satisfactory effects.

Objective To explore the possibility of heterogenous gene to express in juvenile Schistosoma japonicum and the application of electroporation in transformation of schistosomulae. Methods The plasmids of pEGFP-C1 were introduced into mechanically transformed schsitosomula with electroporation. The presence, transcription and translation of the transgene in electroporated schistosomula were confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis respectively using the genomic DNA, total RNA and protein extracted and isolated from schistosomula cultured in vitro for 48 hours. Meanwhile, localization of EGFP within electroporated schistosomula was performed with confocal laser scanning microscope. Results 760 bp and 276 bp amplified products by PCR and RT-PCR were found coincident with the expected size and expression of EGFP gene in elctroporated schistosomula was confirmed by Western blotting. Fluorescence of EGFP was localized in tegument and subtegument of the electroporated schistosomula with confocal microscopy, especially in the anterior part of the worm. Conclusion The heterogenous gene of EGFP has been successfully introduced into juvenile S. japonicum by electroporation and the expression of transgene was confirmed with molecular and microscopical methods.