Objective To study the effect of metoprolol combined with benazepril on cardiac structure and heart function in patients with heart failure and the treatment of hypertension in the elderly. Methods 120 cases of elderly hypertensive patients with heart failure from June 2011 to June 2015 were studied, according to the random number table method, they were randomly divided into combination group and control group.The two groups were given symptomatic and supportive therapy, the control group on the basis of conventional treatment were given antihypertensive drugs of benazepril; combination treatment group were given metoprolol on the basis of control group. After treatment, the clinical efficacy of the two groups were evaluated, the changes of cardiac structure in the two groups were recorded and analyzed before and after treatment, and the blood pressure and cardiac function were analyzed. Results The total effective rate of the combined group was 91.67%, the control group was 78.33%, there was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=4.1830, P=0.0408). After 6 months of treatment, the blood pressure, cardiac structure and 6min walking distance were significantly improved in the two groups (P<0.05). The above indicators in combination group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The complication rate in combination group was 8.33%, 13.33% in the control group, there was no statistically significant between two groups (χ2=0.7764, P=0.3782). Conclusion Metoprolol combined with antihypertensive treatment can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of the treatment, improve the cardiac structure and function.

Objective To screen genes differentially expressed between dermal papilla cells from occipital and vertex scalp of patients with androgenic alopecia (AGA) through a 3D culture system.Methods Dermal papilla cells isolated from the occipital scalp tissue of patients with AGA were cultured in a 2D system for several days.Then,the third-passage dermal papilla cells were subjected to a 3D culture with the presence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) for 72 hours (experimental group).The dermal papilla cells isolated from the vertex scalp tissue of patients with AGA,which were cultured in a 3D system with dimethyl sulfoxide,but not DHT,served as the control group.Subsequently,total RNA was extracted from the cells and reversely transcribed into cDNA followed by labeling with Cy3 and hybridization to a NimbleGen microarray.Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis was carried out to screen differentially expressed genes between the experimental and control group.Real time PCR was conducted to validate the results of microarray analysis.Results As the genome-wide expression profile analysis showed,there were 622 genes differentially expressed between the experimental group and control group,of which,359 were up-regulated and 263 were down-regulated in the experimental group compared with the control group.The above results were corffirmed by real time PCR.GO analysis revealed that the up-regulated genes,such as the CHEK1 and Tobl genes,were mainly involved in the inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of cell apoptosis,while the down-regulated genes,such as the BAMBI,EFNA3,Dlx3 and UCGC genes,were associated with the acceleration of cell proliferation as well as the growth and development of epidermis.Pathway analysis showed that cell circle-controlling molecules were the most abundant molecules.Conclusions Numerous signalling molecules and pathways are involved in the development of AGA,which are mainly responsible for the modulation of cell circle,proliferation and apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the expression and prognostic significance of Interleukin-36α (IL-36α) in colorectal cancer.Methods The expression of IL-36α was tested by immunohistochemical staining in 329 cases of colorectal cancer.According to the intensity and the proportion of positive tumor cells,all the patients were divided into IL-36α low and high expression groups.The clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients between IL-36α low high expression groups were compared.Results Significant differences were observed in the number of patients in tumor differentiation and pM classification between patients in the IL-36α low and high expression groups (P ＜ 0.05).The 5-year overall and tumorfree survival rates of patients were 79.3％ and 77.2％ in IL-36α low expression group,and 66.3％ and 65.3％ in IL-36α high expression group (P ＜0.05).COX proportional hazard regression model revealed that high expression of IL-36α was associated with short overall survival time and tumor-free survival time of colorectal cancer patients (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis identified IL-36α expression in colorectal cancer as an independent prognosticator (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions High expression of IL-36α was correlated with tumor differentiation and pM classification of colorectal cancers,and it is an independent predictor of poor survival for patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with gastroparesis syndrome after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy which provide reference for clinical prevention.Methods Ninety cases of laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy admitted from August 2013 to December 2016 in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province were studied retrospectively,57 were male(63.3%),the average age was 54.6 years old.Twenty cases were diagnosed postoparative gastroparesis syndrome(22.2%).To screen out the risk factors,31 independent variables were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression.Results Univariate analysis showed that malnutrition,hypoproteinemia,anemia,pylorus-preserving,extensive lymph nodes dissection,anxiety,high blood sugar before operation,delay of enteral nutrition,abdominal infection and postoperative high blood sugar were associated with postoperative gastroparesis(The value of OR were 3.143,3.587,2.852,2.889,3.231,7.071,2.889,5.359,6.000,6.263,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that extensive lymph nodes dissection,anxiety,pylorus-preserving,abdominal infection,delay of enteral nutrition,hypoproteinemia,postoperative high blood sugar were risk factors of postoperative gastroparesis(The value of OR were 17.574,8.931,6.637,6.461,6.446,5.414,5.200;P<0.05).Conclusion Multiple risk factors can lead to gastroparesis after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy,measures should be taken aimed at these risk factors during perioperative period.

OBJECTIVETo identify whether there is significant changes between the cervical neutral F-waves and cervical flexion F-waves in the patients with Hirayama disease.

METHODSThis study was performed on 25 normal subjects and 22 male patients with identified Hirayama disease (age: 15 to 44 years; height: 165 to 183 cm; duration: 6 to 240 months) between May 2010 and March 2014. Both cervical flexion F-wave (cervical flexion 45 °, 30 minutes) and conventional F-waves to median nerve stimulation and to ulnar nerve stimulation were performed in all subjects bilaterally.

RESULTSwere analyzed by t-test or Fisher exact probability.

RESULTSIn the normal subjects, all measurements of the bilateral F-waves didn't have any difference between the cervical flexion position and the cervical neutral position. On the cervical neutral position, the persistence (t = 5.209, P = 0.000), average latencies (t = 4.731, P = 0.022) and minimal latencies (t = 23.843, P = 0.006) of ulnar F-wave on the symptomatic heavier side from the patients with identified Hirayama disease were significantly lower or longer than those from the normal subjects, and the repeat F-waves were found in 3 patients (13.6%). On the symptomatic lighter side, the ulnar F-waves only had lower persistence (t = 22.306, P = 0.001) along with 5 repeat F-waves. Only lower persistence were found in the median F-wave on the both side (higher side t = 23.696, P = 0.000; lighter side t = 23.998, P = 0.000), along with 5 (22.7%) repeat F-waves on the symptomatic heavier side and 6 (27.3%) ones on the symptomatic lighter side. After cervical flexion maintaining 30 minutes, the increased maximal amplitudes (t = -2.552, P = 0.019), average amplitudes (t = -3.322, P = 0.003), duration (t = -3.323, P = 0.00), persistence (t = -2.604, P = 0.017) and frequency of repeat F-waves (9/22, 41%) (P = 0.044) were found on the symptomatic heavier side of ulnar F-wave, and 5 of 10 absent ulnar F-wave on the cervical neutral position were also recover. The median F-wave on the symptomatic heavier side mainly had increased maximal amplitude (t = -3.847, P = 0.001), average amplitudes (t = -2.188, P = 0.040) and persistence (t = -2.421, P = 0.025), and 1 of 6 absent median F-wave on the cervical neutral position were also recover after cervical flexion.

CONCLUSIONThe cervical flexion F-waves have significant regular changes compared to the cervical neutral F-waves in patients with Hirayama diseases, especially maximal and average amplitudes of F-waves.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood ; physiopathology ; Ulnar Nerve ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the role of S1 root stimulation H-reflex in evaluating the efficacy of lumbar disc hernia-tion (LDH). Methods 95 LDH patients (55 males, 40 females) who had underwent discectomy for the lumber herniated discs were recruited in this research from January 2014 to January 2016. The average was (40.5±6.7) years, ranged 17-60 years. The vi-sual analogue scale (VAS) scores and the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36) scale was evaluated in preoperative, day 7, 3 month and 1 year after operation, respectively. Meanwhile, the S1 H-reflex and routine H-reflex were taken before operation and 1 year of postoperation. Results The subjects were divided into two groups according to the results of the preoperative S1 H-reflex:①60 patients with S1 present group, the H-M interval was significantly longer (8.1±1.2) ms, 47 of those with routine H-reflex and the latency was prolonged (31.8 ± 2.5) ms, 13 of those with absent routine H-reflex. 32 among 60 patients H-M interval was short-en before operation (7.8 ± 1.0) ms in 1 year follow-up, and there was statistically significant (P=0.001);the latency of conventional H-reflex was shorter than that of preoperation (28.5 ± 2.3) ms in 20 patients, there was statistical difference (P=0.023);the H-re-flexes were detected in the 6 patients from that 13 with absent routine H-reflex.②35 patients absent group, of which 30 cases of conventional H reflex disappeared, only 5 had normal routine H-reflex and the latency was prolonged (31.2 ± 3.0) ms. There were no H-wave patterns detected in 18 patients with H-reflexed one year later, and there was no significant difference in the H-reflex latency (31.0 ± 3.1) ms. All patient's VAS scores and SF-36 were significantly improved from preoperation to postoperation. Both scores were no difference between two groups in 7 d of post surgery. The mean VAS score of two groups: 3 months (1.7 ± 1.0) points, (2.1 ± 1.2) points (t=2.618, P=0.010), and 1 year (1.3 ± 0.9) points, (1.8 ± 1.1)( t=3.311, P=0.002). SF-36 in two groups:3 months (28.9 ± 5.6) points, (33.2 ± 5.5) points ( t=-2.670, P=0.008), 1 year (23.2 ± 6.2), (30.2 ± 5.6) (t=-3.012, P=0.001). Conclusion The patients with LDH had detected S1 H-reflex before surgery which indicated the minor leisure in intravertebral nerves, so that nerve can get better recovery and functional score of postoperation, it could objectively evaluate the efficacy of LDH surgery.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; therapy ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Pedigree

Objective　To establish Huashan diagnostic criteria and clinical classification system for Hirayama disease.Methods　Retrospective analysis 359 cases of puberty onset,upper extremity muscle atrophy as main clinical manifestations,and complete clinical data from September 2007 to August 2018.There were 348 males and 11 females(31.6:1 male and female)in this group.The average age of onset was 16.7±2.2 years,the average age of visits was 19.2±4.5 years,and the average duration of treatment was 29.3±45.4 months.Descriptive study of the clinical manifestations,radiologic and neurophysiological findings of this group of patients,the Huashan clinical diagnostic criteria of Hirayama disease were established by including 100% of the clinical manifestations,imaging and neurophysiological findings.According to the following parameters,the clinical classification system of Hirayama disease was proposed.The parameters specifically included:the muscle atrophy involves the upper limbs,whether the quadriplegia was active or hyperactive,the Babinski sign positive and other pyramidal tract damage,whether it was accompanied by sensory dysfunction such as upper limb numbness,muscle atrophy location,and the progress of clinical symptoms or electrophysiological examination within 6 months.Thirty patients were randomly selected from the above 359 cases.Four orthopedic surgeons who were not involved in the classification system completed the clinical classification within the specified time.The Kappa value was used for the credibility evaluation.Results　The Huashan diagnostic criteria of Hirayama disease included clinical manifestations,imaging examinations and neurophysiological examinations.The main diagnostic indicators were:1)occult onset puberty,more common in men;2)localized muscle atrophy and weakness in the upper extremities;3)compared with the cervical neutral MRI,the MRI of cervical flexion showed that spinal cord was significantly shift forward and the anterior spinal cord was narrowed or disappeared.4)MRI T2 weighting of the cervical flexion showed cyst-wall separation behind the spinal cord;5)Neurophysiological examination showed that the affected muscles were neurogenic damage.6)The affected parts are limited to the middle and lower neck segment.At the same time,it was necessary to combine imaging and neurophysiological manifestations to distinguish cervical spondylosis with upper limb muscle atrophy and motor neuron disease.According to the clinical characteristics of different patients,Hirayama disease can be divided into type I-III.Type I:72.1%,one-sided upper limb or one upper limb-based hand inner muscle and forearm muscle atrophy.According to whether progress of symptoms or electrophysiological examination was seen in the past 6 months,type I can be divided into:Ia.stable period.Regular follow-up assessment was recommended.If the disease progressed,to wear a cervical collar was suggested;surgery could be done if necessary;Ib.progression period,it was recommended to use a cervical collar,and regularly evaluate,if patients could not wear cervical collar for long,it was recommended to operate.Type II:14.2%,unilateral upper limb or one upper limb-based hand inner muscle and forearm muscle atrophy with pyramidal tract injury.Surgery was recommended.Type II:13.7%,atypical Hirayama disease,including upper limb proximal muscle atrophy,symmetrical double upper limb muscle atrophy,and sensory disturbances associated with upper limb numbness.Wear a cervical collar,and follow-up and assess closely,and choose surgical treatment if necessary.The credibility evaluation showed that the average Kappa value of the classification was 0.732(0.688-0.834),which is a basic credibility.Conclusion　The Huashan diagnostic criteria of Hirayama disease was conducive to the early diagnosis.The clinical classification system of Hirayama disease has good credibility and good clinical intervention guidance value.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree where three siblings were affected with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were employed to detect the causative mutation. Sanger sequencing of cDNA was also used for verify the effect of mutation on the transcription of RNA. RESULTS: Heterozygous deletion of exon 3 of the PARK2 gene was detected by MLPA, while a heterozygous splice site variant c.619-3G>C was detected by NGS. Both mutations were shown to result in aberrant transcripts of the PARK2 gene (loss of exons 3 and 6, respectively) by Sanger sequencing of cDNA. Both mutations have co-segregated with the disease in the pedigree. CONCLUSION Compound heterozygous mutations of the PARK2 gene probably underlie the disease in this pedigree. Identification of the splice site variant c.619-3G>C has expanded the mutation spectrum of the PARK2 gene.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Mutation ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis of a patient with early-onset Parkinson disease from a consanguineous family. METHODS: Homozygosity mapping and Sanger sequencing of cDNA were used to identify the causative mutation. RESULTS: A homozygous missense variation (c.56C>G, p.Thr19Arg) in the PARK7 gene was identified in the patient. In silico analysis suggested the c.56C>G variation to be pathogenic. CONCLUSION Homozygous c.56C>G variation of the PARK7 gene was the disease-causing variation in this family.
Consanguinity ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Mutation, Missense ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Protein Deglycase DJ-1 ; genetics