Forensic medical talents with creative ability should have ability to find.analyze and solve problems from complex cases.According to teaching practice on the basis of PBL this article illustrates application methods of PBL teaching characters in the training of forensic medical talents with creative ability.

Objective:To analysis the Mimotopes of the peptide mimics to PGN using online softwares.Methods: Mimotopes of PGN were screened from 12-mers linear phage display peptide library by using anti-PGN McAb and the antigenicity of selected clones was identified by ELISA.The B cell epitopes,T cell epitopes of ′GRWxHxVxWAGL′ were estimated by DNAstar and online softwares.Results: 16 phage clones that bound with anti-PGN McAb were screened from 12-mers linear phage display peptide library.Among these positive clones,phage clones No.39 shared the conserved sequence:WxHx……AGL found in previous clone No.31(ATWxHxLxSAGL),which provoked an effective protective immunity against infection with S.aureus.To enhance the stability of the conformation as well as adding biotin on the N-ter-minal as a tag,the sequences ′39′ were redesigned and synthesized by adding S(serine)A(alanine) and GG(glycine)on the C-terminal of origin sequence(named SP39).Next,we estimated or predicted antigenic epitopes,T cell epitopes and scores binding to MHC of these peptides by using DNASTAR and online softwares(http://bio.dfci.harvard.edu/Tools/antigenic.pl,www.syfpeithi.de,http://www.darrenflower.info/mhcpred),indicating that SP39 contains sites bound both mice and human MHC.The sequences ′WxHxVxW-′ may be antigenic epitope as SP39,which contains a T cell epitope.Our results showed that both SP39 could bind to both anti-PGN McAb and a polyclonal antibody against S.aureus.Moreover PGN could inhibit the binding of SP39 to the anti-PGN McAb.These data indicated that SP39 mimic to epitopes on PGN.Conclusion: SP39(GRWxHxVxWAGLAGGS) probably display the mimotopes of PGN.

Objectives To provide reference for the improve of health care system and healthcare insurance con-trolling method, through researching on the value-based healthcare paying system in South Korea. Methods The basic characteristics of the Korean health care system was researched, Specifically, its reform experiences of value-based health insurance review and assessment paying system,which government took. Results South Korea’s health care pay-ing system had achieved both good social and policy effects. Conclusions Value-based health care paying system is the main reason for the reducing of health care expenditures and making of scientific health policy.

Objective To investigate the genetic relationships of Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis pilosula from the different cultivars (varieties). Methods Twenty-five samples of A. membranaceus and seventeen samples of C. Pilosula were amplified by ISSR-PCR. Genetic diversity and genetic distance were analyzed by Popgen32. UPGMA dendrogram relationship was clustered by NTSYS. Results Totally 62 and 100 loci were detected respectively from A. membranaceus and C. pilosula. All percentages of polymorphic loci (PPL) were 100%. Shannon’s information indexes (I) were 0.537 6 and 0.472 7. Nei’s genetic diversity indexes (H) were 0.361 3 and 0.307 4. A. membranaceus was divided into two groups in genetic distance 0.59, and C. pilosula was alike in 0.50. Conclusion Different cultivars (varieties) of A. membranaceus and C. pilosula had rich genetic diversities among species, and had large genetic differences.

Objective:To prepare the polyclonal antibodies against advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP),and to provide an effective agent for research on the pathogenesis of AOPP and assess exactly the relationship between AOPP and relative diseases.Methods:AOPP-rabbit serum albumin (AOPP-RSA) was prepared by treating RSA with hypochloric acid.The rabbit anti-AOPP-RSA polyclonal antibodies were generated and purified by affinity chromatography. The titers and the specificity of the antibodies were measured by ELISA.The plasma AOPP and the localization of AOPP in nephridial tissues of some patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were determined using rabbit anti-AOPP-RSA.Results:Titers of the antibodies were 10-6.Purified antibodies reacted specifically with oxidized albumin from different genus,but could not react with normal albumin and glycosylated albumin.The high level of AOPP in plasma from CKD patients was confirmed by Western blot.The antibodies could be used to immunostain AOPP deposition in different regions of kidney tissues from both CKD patients and CKD rat models.Conclusion:We successfully generate rabbit anti-AOPP polyclonal antibodies with high titers and striking specificity.The presence of plasma AOPP and localizations of AOPP in kidney tissues of CKD patients can be demonstrated using the antibodies.The development of anti-AOPP polyclonal antibodies may provide a new tool to explore the pathogensis of AOPP and assess exactly the relationship between AOPP and relative diseases.

Objective:To screen epitope mimics to lipoteichoic acid from a random 12-mer phage display peptide library and i-dentify the specificity of the mimotopes of LTA.Methods:The monoclonal antibody against LTA was used as a target to screen the 12-mer phage display peptide library and the specificity of phage clones were identified by sandwich ELISA.The amino acid sequences of positive phage clones were deduced from DNA sequencing.The specificity of synthetic peptide were identified by sandwich ELISA.Results:4 clones were obtained after 3 rounds of screening.Amino acid sequence analysis revealed four different types of mimotope sequence.A linear peptide (GHxDFRQxxQPS),named L2,which derived from positive sequence was synthesized.ELISA result indicates that L2 can bind to anti-LTA mAb specifically in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion:The mimotopes of LTA were obtained by using the phage display technology.

Objective To explore the effect of early maternal intervention and provide clinical suggestions for the prevention and treatment of infantile eczema. Methods A total of 340 pregnant woman who were receiving prenatal examine and giving birth to their children from January to June 2016 in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected in this study. The pregnant woman were divided into two groups--control group and observation group by the random number table method.Each group had 170 history cases.The control group was given regularly health guidance,and the observation group was added early intervention such as translate the latest information on the modern social media to them,and giving suggestions of diet and nutrition of infants and living environment.The proportion of risk factors--the each group of infants' genetic history of allergies, birth of ways,feeding pattern and the kind of environmental of which they exposure and so on were analyzed,then the incidence of eczema, the recurrence rate of eczema, the treatment effects and duration of eczema were contrasted.Results After 6 months of prospective follow-up, the observation group of cesarean section and exposing to smoking environmental proportion was respectively 48.82%(83/170),19.41%(33/170), was lower than that of control group 64.71%(110/170),42.35%(72/170),the difference between 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=8.736, 20.958, P<0.01). The proportion of 4- 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding and correctly adding supplement food respectively 52.35%(89/170),78.24%(133/170),was higher than that in the control group 42.94%(73/170),58.82%(100/170),the difference between 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=3.418,14.851, P<0.01). After 6 months of prospective follow-up, the incidence and recurrence rate of infants eczema respectively in observation group was 25.88%(44/170), 22.73%(10/170),was lower than that in control group 49.41%(84/170),42.86%(36/170),the difference between 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=20.047, 5.082, P<0.05).The treatment effect in observation group was superior to the control group.The last,the period of eczema was shorter than that of control group. All of them had statistical meaning(Z=8.876, 10.195,all P<0.05). Conclusions Early interventions can reduce the proportion of high-risk factors that could induce infant eczema, such as cesarean section,exposure to smoking,environmental and other factors.In order to reduce the incidence of infants eczema, improve family′s compliance, reduce eczema attack, improve symptoms, reduce the burden on the family to a great extent,to ensure the normal growth and development of infants,cut off the"allergy process"to prevent distal disease such as allergic asthma,allergic rhinitis etc.

An electrochemical L-lactate biosensor was fabricated by combining Platinum nanoparticles (Pt-nano) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs).L-lactate oxidase(LOD) was immobilized on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with MWCNTs and Pt-nano.The surface of resulting LOD/MWCNTs/Pt-nano electrode was covered by a thin layer of sol-gel to avoid the loss of LOD and to improve the anti-interference ability.The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that MWCNTs/Pt-nano catalyst displayed a higher performance than MWCNTs.Under the optimized conditions, i.e., applied potential of 0.5 V, pH 6.4, 25 ℃, the proposed biosensor's determination range was 0.2-2.0 mmol/L, response time was within 5 s, and the sensitivity was 6.36 (A/(mmol/L).It still kept 90% activity after 4 weeks.The fabricated biosensor had practically good selectivity against interferences.The results for whole blood samples analyzed by the present biosensor showed a good agreement with those analyzed by spectrophotometric method.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of infantile eczema in Uygur and Han nationalities and the relationship between pregnancy factors and 0-6 months infant eczema, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating preventive strategies. Methods From January-August 2016 in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region People's Hospital of obstetric and follow-up to fill out the questionnaire in 570 pregnant women and their babies as the research object to establish the baseline survey cohort, pregnancy related information to pregnant women, and 6 months (January, March, on maternal June) follow-up, observe the occurrence of infantile eczema a total of 502, successful follow-up to maternal and child. Using nested case-control study, the cohort occurred in 182 cases of infant eczema as case group, will be in the queue without eczema in 320 infants as control group, using multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors during pregnancy baby eczema. Results 0-6 months infant eczema incidence rate was 36.25％, the incidence of Uygur infant eczema (20.43％) was significantly lower than that of Han nationality infant eczema incidence (50.19％) (OR=0.45,95％CI:0.35-0.69) P<0.01). Social and economic factors affecting the occurrence of infantile eczema comparison results showed that the ethnic factors and infant eczema, and more prone to eczema than that of Uygur nationality; and Uygur compared mothers influence allergic history of Han infantile eczema more (χ2=7.09, P=0.008). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the mother has a history of atopy (OR=7.17,95％CI:4.15-12.37), mother′s education level (OR=1.91,95％CI:1.51-2.74), the higher the monthly income (OR=2.68,95％CI:2.17-3.33), maternal smoking during pregnancy (secondhand smoke) (OR=2.42,95％CI:1.96-2.97), frequently eating spicy spicy foods during pregnancy (OR=1.94,95％CI: 1.41-2.68) will increase the risk of infant eczema Supplementation of probiotics (OR=0.13,95％CI:0.07-0.25) and vitamin D (OR=0.13,95％CI:0.06-0.26) during pregnancy is a protective factor in the development of infantile eczema. Conclusions Compared to Uygur, Han Chinese infants are more likely occur eczema, and family history of allergies, education, economic income, pregnancy dietand smoking are risk factors for infant eczema. The same risk factors among Uygur and Han ethnic ,but it had a different results. Compared to Han, Uygur pregnant women eating spicy food caused the risk of infant eczema occurrence is higher, but the short period of housing renovation caused the risk of infant eczema occurrence is lower. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen nutrition andmonitor living environment during pregnancy. Avoiding to eat spicy food and supplying probiotics and vitamin D, it can prevent or reduce the occurrence of infantile eczema.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Previous studies reported that integrated information in the brain ultimately determines the subjective experience of patients with chronic pain, but how the information is integrated in the brain connectome of functional dyspepsia (FD) patients remains largely unclear. The study aimed to quantify the topological changes of the brain network in FD patients. METHODS: Small-world properties, network efficiency and nodal centrality were utilized to measure the changes in topological architecture in 25 FD patients and 25 healthy controls based on functional magnetic resonance imaging. Pearson's correlation assessed the relationship of each topological property with clinical symptoms. RESULTS: FD patients showed an increase of clustering coefficients and local efficiency relative to controls from the perspective of a whole network as well as elevated nodal centrality in the right orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus, left anterior cingulate gyrus and left hippocampus, and decreased nodal centrality in the right posterior cingulate gyrus, left cuneus, right putamen, left middle occipital gyrus and right inferior occipital gyrus. Moreover, the centrality in the anterior cingulate gyrus was significantly associated with symptom severity and duration in FD patients. Nevertheless, the inclusion of anxiety and depression scores as covariates erased the group differences in nodal centralities in the orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus and hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest topological disruption of the functional brain networks in FD patients, presumably in response to disturbances of sensory information integrated with emotion, memory, pain modulation, and selective attention in patients.
Anxiety ; Brain* ; Chronic Pain ; Connectome ; Depression ; Dyspepsia* ; Gyrus Cinguli ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Memory ; Orbit ; Putamen