Purpose To implement lower artery angiography in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease, and to investigate the feasibility of lower extremity gemstone spectral CT angiography in improving image quality.Materials and Methods Forty-eight patients suspected with lower extremity arterial occlusive diseases were randomly divided into research group and control group. Research group (24 cases) were carried out gemstone spectral CT angiography (CTA) scan and control group (24 cases) were scanned with multi-slice spiral CT (CTA). The CT value of the common iliac artery, popliteal artery and its branches was measured and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were calculated in both groups. The images were evaluated independently by 2 senior physicians based on a 5-level evaluation standard.Results The CT value of common iliac artery, popliteal artery, anterior tibial artery and the CNR in research group were all higher than those in control group (t=8.7, 7.9, 12.6 and 17.2,P<0.01), but the background noise was lower than that in control group (t=1.5,P<0.01). The scores of two image quality accessed by physician 1 and 2 were 110:90 and 111:93 respectively with statistical difference (Z=-7.6 and-8.0, P<0.01).Conclusion The image obtained by gemstone spectral CT optimal single energy image technique is much better than that by conventional multi-slice spiral CT in lower extremity angiography.

Objective To compare the chemical components among Rhizoma Alismatis of different specifications. Methods Rhizoma Alismatis of 8 different weights were chosen, and then contents of 23-acetate alisol B were determined by HPLC, and infrared spectrometry fingerprint was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results The contents of 23-acetate alisol B in Rhizoma Alismatis of 8 different specifications were over 0.06%, and had no relation with specification of Rhizoma Alismatis (P>0.05). The similarities of infrared spectrometry fingerprint were above 0.9. Conclusion The chemical components among Rhizoma Alismatis of different specifications were basically the same. Contents of 23-acetate alisol B of Rhizoma Alismatis of 8 different specifications conformed to regulation of China Pharmacopoeia.

Objective:To study the relationship between rs 2228314 polymorphism in sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 gene (SREBP2) and obesity, serum lipid levels in children and adolescents . Methods:In our study , 2 030 children and adolescents aged from 7 to 18 years participated .Anthropo-metric measurements, including height and weight, were performed.Their serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) were detected .The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS ) was used to detect rs2228314 genotypes.Results: The GC/CC genotypes of rs2228314 polymorphisms had lower HDL-C levels than GG genotype [(0.10 ±0.35) mmol/L vs. (0.14 ±0.36) mmol/L, P=0.020].The rs2228314 polymorphism was associated with the abnormal HDL-C level under the dominant model after adjustment for study samples , sex and age ( OR=1.400, 95%CI:1.027-1.907, P=0.033).The rs2228314 polymorphism was not associated with obesity un-der the dominant model after adjustment for study samples , sex, age and HDL-C level ( OR=1.178, 95%CI: 0 .971 -1 .430 , P =0 .096 ) . Conclusion: The GC/CC genotype carriers of SREBP2 rs2228314 polymorphism have higher risk of abnormal HDL-C level than the individuals with GG geno-type among children and adolescents .

Objective To explore the clinical value of AFP-L3,GP73 and GGT as biomarkers in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods According to the pathological diagnosis,141 patients were divided into two groups,HCC group were 74 cases,benign liver disease group were 67 cases.Use ELISA method tested the serum AFP-L3 and GP73 levels.The GGT level was detected by the automatic biochemical instrument of all the 141 patients.AFP-L3,GP73 and GGT concentration difference was compared between the two groups.ROC curve was used to determine the cut-off level to diagnose HCC.The value of single use AFP-L3,GP73,GGT and joint the three indexes to diagnose HCC were analyzed.Results The average level of AFP-L3 in the patients with HCC was (113.58±63.62) μg/L,it was significantly higher than that in the patients with benign liver diseases [(23.19±34.54) μg/L] (P ＜ 0.001).The area under the ROC curve of AFP-L3 level was 0.802.Taking AFP-L3 level ≥ 38.47 μg/L as diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity of AFP-L3 level in HCC diagnosis was 81.08 ％ and the specificity was 88.06 ％.The average level of GP73 in the patients with HCC was (126.55±49.56) μg/L,it was significantly higher than that in the patients with benign liver diseases [(56.97±26.48) μg/L] (P ＜ 0.001).The area under the ROC curve of GP73 level was 0.811.Taking GP73 level≥69.44 μg/L as diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity of GP73 level in HCC diagnosis was 75.68 ％ and the specificity was 91.04 ％.The average level of GGT in the patients with HCC was (173.20±179.18) U/L,it was significantly higher than that in the patients with benign liver diseases [(90.77±81.53) U/L] (P ＜ 0.001).The area under the ROC curve of GGT level was 0.713.Taking GGT level ≥ 110.77 U/L as diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity of GGT level in HCC diagnosis was 74.32 ％ and the specificity was 77.61％.Joint use AFP-L3,GP73 and GGT to diagnose HCC,the sensitivity was 83.78 ％,specificity was 92.53 ％.Conclusion Combined detection of tumor markers AFP-L3,GP73 and GGT can improve the positive rate of HCC,which has good clinical application value.

Objective: To examine the association between polymorphism of rs10185316 in insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG2) and blood pressure among children and adolescents. Methods: 9 junior middle schools in Dongcheng District of Beijing and 5 schools (3 primary junior middle schools, 2 primary schools) in Haidian District of Beijing were chosen in 2005 and 2007, respectively. According to the Chinese BMI percentile criteria for screening overweight and obesity in school children, we recruited 1 425 overweight or obese children and 605 normal weight children. A total of 2 018 students with complete data of blood pressure and genotype data were included in this study. According to the blood pressure criterion of children and adolescents, 702 participants were categorized into high blood pressure group and 1 316 into normal blood pressure group. Participants' information of gender, age, height, weight and blood pressure were collected by questionnaire and physical examination. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood sample for genotyping of INSIG2 rs10185316 polymorphism. Multiple linear regression was conducted to analyze the associations between rs10185316 polymorphism in INSIG2 and SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure. Results: The age, BMI, SBP and DBP of the high blood pressure group were separately (14.3±1.4) years old, (27.3±4.2) kg/m², (130.5±10.9) and (76.7±13.3) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), all higher than that of the normal blood pressure group, which were (12.2±2.9) years old, (22.0±4.0) kg/m², (104.4±10.9) and(54.6±15.2) mmHg, respectively (all P values<0.001). After age, sex, district and BMI adjusted, compared with the participants carrying INSIG2 rs10185316 CC genotype, CG/GG genotype carriers had lower DBP (β(95%CI):-1.67(-2.84--0.50), P=0.005), higher PP(β(95%CI): 1.91(0.61-3.20), P=0.004), and lower MAP(β(95%CI):=-1.03(-2.01--0.05), P=0.039). Conclusion INSIG2 rs10185316 polymorphism was associated with DBP, PP and MAP among children and adolescents in an independent way from BMI.

Objective:To probe the exploration and integration of ideological and political teaching resources for College English by medical students' teams, and to build a College English ideological and political teaching resource database in medical colleges, so as to provide feasible experience for the integration of medical students' College English and ideological and political education.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 030 students in a medical college, and SPSSAU statistical software was employed to analyze the results to investigate the attitudes and demands of students towards the integration of English teaching and ideological and political education, the construction methods of College English ideological and political teaching resource database, and the presentation methods and types of resources. Based on the questionnaire results, textbook themes, teaching modules and students' majors, the content analysis and classification method were employed to construct a College English ideological and political teaching resource database that meets the expectations of medical students.Results:① A total of 836 students agreed with the necessity to integrate College English with ideological and political education, hoping to build an ideological and political resource database with videos and audios related to daily life ( n = 731), medical knowledge ( n = 664), social practice ( n = 622), news and current affairs ( n = 604) and guide the students to learn the above resources through the methods "teacher instruction + classroom discussion" ( n = 528). ② The ideological and political integration points in the questionnaire results were matched according to the subjects of the textbook, and further divided into two categories: universal and medically specific ideological and political teaching elements according to the content of the unit modules. Finally, the resource database of College English ideological and political teaching in medical colleges was built. Conclusion:Outstanding courses and resources are jointly explored and built by teachers and students.

Objective To investigate the association between rs780094 polymorphism in glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) and plasma lipid levels in children and adolescents. Methods 1 026 Chinese children aged 7 to 18 years were recruited,with anthropometric measurements,detection of plasma lipid levels and genotyping of rs780094 performed. Relationships between polymorphism and plasma lipid levels were tested,using multivariate linear regression and logistic regression. Results A-allele of rs780094 in GCKR was associated with increased TC,TG and LDL-C levels(b=0.06 mmol/L,P=0.037;b=0.09 mmol/L,P<0.001;b=0.05 mmol/L,P=0.040) under the additive model adjusted for age,age square and gender. The rs780094 in GCKR was also associated with abnormal levels of TG and LDL-C(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.30-1.97,P<0.001;OR=1.35,95%CI:1.02-1.80,P=0.036). Conclusion The rs780094 in GCKR was associated with plasma lipid levels in children and adolescents while A-allele of rs780094 might serve as genetic factor for the increased plasma lipid levels.

Objective To improve the quality of clinical biochemistry laboratory by quality indicators of pre-analytical,analytical,post-analytical phase and the whole process.Methods Analytical Phase:The Sigma values of items were calculated,applying the equation Sigma =(TEa％-Bias％)/CV％.Total allowable error (TEa) is from analyticalal specification defined in WS/T403-2012 of China,Bias％ is from the evaluation results of National Center for Clinical Laboratory (NCCL) trueness verification PT series and CV％ is from internal quality control data during the last 6 months in our lab.Normalized Sigma metrics plot was made to evaluate the analysis performance and the quality control strategies were designed accordingly.The quality goal indexes (QGI) were also calculated to propose improvement measures for items below 6 Sigma.Quality indicators of pre-,post-analytical and whole analytical phase,such as quality of specimen,critical value notification,critical value notification in time,TAT of hs-cTnT,TAT of emergency biochemical items,rewrite of laboratory reports and unacceptable performance in EQA-PT were measured in Sigma metrics too.The Sigma metrics changes before and after taking improvement measures were compared to conform the effectiveness.Results The average Sigma value of 17 biochemical tests was 5.29,of which 8 items (UA,K,ALP,CK,AMY,AST,TG,Na) achieved excellent to world class level (≥ 5 Sigma),6 items (LDH,Cre,TC,ALT,Mg,Glu) achieved marginal to good level (5 ＞ Sigma ≥ 3),BUN performed poorly (3 ＞ Sigma ≥ 2),Ca,TP performed unacceptably (Sigma ＜ 2) with serious quality defects.The Sigma values of unacceptable specimen,critical value notification,critical value notification in time,unacceptable turn around time (TAT) of hs-cTnT,unacceptable turn around time (TAT) of emergency biochemical items,rewrite of laboratory reports,unacceptable performance in EQA-PT were 4.17,3.60,2.75,1.72,3.27,4.52,3.33 respectively,rising to 4.30,4.30,2.90,2.45,3.75,4.80,3.60 accordingly after improvement.Conclusions Sigma metrics is potentially an ideal approach for clinical biochemistry laboratories management,which is helpful to find out problems,put forward improvement measures,and confirm the effectiveness,so as to achieve the purpose of continuous quality improvement.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between rs780094 polymorphism in glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) and plasma lipid levels in children and adolescents.

METHODS1 026 Chinese children aged 7 to 18 years were recruited, with anthropometric measurements, detection of plasma lipid levels and genotyping of rs780094 performed. Relationships between polymorphism and plasma lipid levels were tested, using multivariate linear regression and logistic regression.

RESULTSA-allele of rs780094 in GCKR was associated with increased TC, TG and LDL-C levels (b = 0.06 mmol/L, P = 0.037; b = 0.09 mmol/L, P < 0.001; b = 0.05 mmol/L, P = 0.040) under the additive model adjusted for age, age square and gender. The rs780094 in GCKR was also associated with abnormal levels of TG and LDL-C(OR = 1.60, 95% CI:1.30-1.97, P < 0.001;OR = 1.35, 95%CI:1.02-1.80, P = 0.036).

CONCLUSIONThe rs780094 in GCKR was associated with plasma lipid levels in children and adolescents while A-allele of rs780094 might serve as genetic factor for the increased plasma lipid levels.

Adolescent ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic

BACKGROUND: Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) has been widely studied in non-small cell lung cancer, which is considered as an independent prognostic factor in patiens with non-small cell lung cancer. However, there are few studies on the prognostic value of TTF-1 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the expression state of TTF-1 and the sensitivity to first-line chemotherapy and prognosis in patients with SCLC. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made on 234 patients with SCLC who were diagnosed and treated in The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and received platinum-based chemotherapy. The clinical characteristics, treatment and survival of the patients were followed up. Chi χ² test and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationship between TTF-1 expression and chemotherapy response rate. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to analyze the effect of TTF-1 expression on survival time of patients. RESULTS: Among the 234 patients, the positive expression of TTF-1 was 188 cases (80.3%), and the negative expression of TTF-1 was 46 cases (19.7%). The objective response rate (ORR) of first-line chemotherapy in patients with positive expression of TTF-1 was higher than that in patients with negative expression of TTF-1 (70.7% vs 47.8%) (χ²=8.681, P=0.003). Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that the expression state of TTF-1 was an independent predictor of ORR in first-line chemotherapy (OR=0.216, 95%CI: 0.076-0.615, P=0.004), however this difference was only reflected in LS-SCLC. The median progression free survival (PFS) of patients with negative expression of TTF-1 was shorter than that of patients with positive expression (6.9 months vs 9.0 months) (χ²=9.357, P=0.002). The median OS in TTF-1 negative group was shorter than that in TTF-1 positive group (13.3 months vs 20.1 months)(χ²=12.082, P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS TTF-1 expression is an independent predictor of first-line chemotherapy response rate and survival in patients with SCLC, and may become a biomarker to predict the efficacy and prognosis of SCLC.