AIM To evaluate the value of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and to investigate its mechanism. METHODS① Thirty four BXSB lupus mice were averagely and randomly divided into ATO treated group and control group. The mice of ATO treated group were given (ip) ATO 0.4 mg·kg-1 every other day until d 105 and the observation was ended on d 210. The survival rate of mice was recorded, and the levels of serum IgG and anti-dsDNA antibody were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ② Other 20 BXSB lupus mice were also divided into 2 groups and treated as above and sacrificed on d 90. The spleen and kidneys of each mouse were removed and total RNA was extracted. The levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) mRNA in renal and spleen tissues were measured by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTSUp to d 210, 8 mice died in ATO treated group and 13 died in control group. On d 90 and d 105, the average levels of serum anti-dsDNA antibody (A450 nm) were (0.335±0.011) and (0.223±0.017) in ATO treated group, and (0.688±0.016) and (0.683 ±0.014) in control group. On d 90, the expressions of IFN-γ mRNA in spleen and renal tissues of ATO treated group were significantly lower than that of control group. On d 105, the serum level of IgG was much lower in ATO treated group than that in control group, which were (4.9±1.3) and (6.9±1.0)g·L-1, respectively. CONCLUSION ATO elevates the survival rate, lowers the serum levels of IgG and anti-dsDNA antibody, and depresses the expression of IFN-γ mRNA in spleen and kidney tissues of BXSB mice.

Objective To investigate the expression of P16 and CD44 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and their relationship with the prognosis of patients. Methods The GIST specimens of seventy patients who received surgical excision were collected. Tissue microarray of the seventy GIST samples was constructed. The expression of P16 and CD44 were detected by the immunohistochemical staining. The patients were followed up via out-patient examination and telephone. Results All the patients were followed up for 2-212 months, and the median time for follow-up was 68 months. The differences of the expression of P16 in GISTs among NIH risk ranks were insignificant (P > 0.05). The differences of the expression of CD44 in GISTs among NIH risk ranks were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, mitotic count, tumor location, NIH risk rank, the expression of P16 and CD44 were related to the prognosis of GIST patients. Multivariate showed that tumor size, mitotic count, tumor location, and the expression of CD44 was independent prognosis factors of GIST patients. Conclusion CD44 could be used as a biomarker in predicting the prognosis of GIST patients.

AIM: To establish a HPLC-ELSD method for determining ophiopogonin D and ophiopogonin D′ in Fibre Ophiopogon enriched extract by macroporous resin. METHODS: The determination was performed by HPLC-ELSD on APOLLO C_(18) column(100 A,5 ?,4.6 mm?250 mm),using acetonitrile-H_2O(50∶50) as a mobile phase,flow rate was at 1.0 mL/min,column temperature was at 25℃,detector:ELSD(Neu:70℃,Eva:90℃,gas flow:1.5 SLM). RESULTS: The linear range of ophiopogonin D was 4.424-22.12 ?g,r=0.999 7,The average recovery was 97.6%,RSD=1.51%.The linear range of ophiopogonin D′ was 3.848-19.24 ?g,r=0.999 8.The average recovery was 98.4%,RSD=4.8%. CONCLUSION: The method is convenient,sensitive and accurate.

Object To optimize the best extraction of the total saponins in the root of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. (RO). Methods The extract condition of total saponins in RO was observed by orthogonal design with ophiopogonis D as index. Results The optimum extract condition of RO was established. The more effective way was to smash RO to 5-10 mesh and extract total saponins in RO with ten times amount of 80% alcohol thrice by refluxing, one hour each time. Conclusion The total saponins in RO could be fully extracted in this condition.

AIM: To explore the effect of drug content and encapsulated efficency of microsphere ophiopogon saponin preparation, providing more precise computational method. METHODS: Ophiopogon saponin enteric microsphere was prepared by spray drying technique, and the sum of saponin was determined by colorimetric analysis to evaluate the drug content and encapsulated efficency. RESULTS: The encapsulated efficency (%) was 94.75? 2.68. The drug content (mg/g) was 54.81? 2.12. CONCLUSION: The drug content the encapsulated efficency can affect the clinical dosage and the encapsulated efficency stands for the preparation process and the quality. So we should detect both drug content and the encapsulated efficency to evaluate preparation quality evaluation.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Ai Luo Kang acupoint application in treating simple obesity. Methods Eighty simple obesity patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 40 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by Ai Luo Kang acupoint application, while the control group was taken as a blank control. Thirty days later, the two groups were compared in the change of body weight and waist circumference. Results After intervention, the body weight and waist circumference were significantly changed in the treatment group (P＜0.01). There were significant differences between the two groups in comparing the body weight and waist circumference after intervention (P＜0.05). Conclusion According to the relevant criteria of the Evaluation Procedures and Methods of the Function of Health Care Products (DB22-T397-2006), Ai Luo Kang acupoint application is effective in losing weight in simple obesity.

Syndromic surveillance , based on non-specific pre-diagnosis and other information , is capable of nearly real-time detection and early warning of potential bioterrorism and emerging infectious threats .Developed countries , led by the U.S., have conducted in-depth and front research in this area while China has just started syndromic surveillance re -search in the exploratory trial stage .The Chinese army is facing an urgent need for syndromic surveillance .This paper makes a case study of foreign military syndromic surveillance practices , typically the U.S.representative system ESSENSE , which was developed by the U .S.Department of Defense and deployed in all military treatment facilities .Some suggestions for the Chinese army are also discussed .

Objective:To explore the calvarial critical size defect (CSD)in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:T2DM model of SD rats(weighted 300-320 g)was induced by high fat and high sugar diet and low dose intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ)injection.The rats with T2DMand the normal controls were divided into 4 groups(n=3)respectively.Defects with the diame-ter(mm)of 2,3,4 and 5 were made on the central calvaria of each rat.General observation,X-ray examination and histological study were performed 8 weeks postoperatively.Results:In the T2DM group,only the defects of 2 mm diameter were healed completely,X-ray resistance and new bone formation were observed;the defects of 3,4 and 5 mm diameter were unhealed,X-ray transmission was observed and newly formed bone was insufficient.In the control group,the defects of 2,3 and 4 mm diameter were healed completely, X-ray resistance and new bone formation were observed;the defects of 5 mm diameter were unhealed,X-ray transmission was ob-served,newly formed bone was insufficient.Conclusion:The calvarial CSD of T2DM rat model can be defined as the defect with the diameter of 3 mm.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for clinicians in the choice of antihypertensive drugs.METHODS:The antihypertensive efficacy 6 classes(or 15 kinds) of antihypertensive drugs in a monotherapy in the treatment of 370 patients with essential hypertension(EH) were compared.RESULTS:The blood pressure was effectively lowered by all of the antihypertensive drugs except doxazosin,and doxazosin and torasemide showed inferior efficacy in the reduction of diastolic blood pressure(DBP).CONCLUSION:Calcium antagonists with prolonged action,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI),angiotens-in receptor antagonist,and the monotherapy of Terazosin or Indapamide can all effectively bring down the blood pressure.It is suggested that low-dose doxazosin and torasemide should not be used alone in treating essential hypertension.

Objective: To investigate the expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2) in colorectal cancers and to explore the relationship between MMR expression and clinicopathologic features. Methods: Six hundred and fifty-eight colon cancers were collected from January 2016 to January 2017 at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. Of the 658 patients there were 409 male and 249 female. The patients were 20 to 92 years old, with average age of (63±5) years old. Expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 protein was detected by immunohistochemical method. Immunohistochemistry for BRAF V600E was performed in colorectal cancers with loss of MLH1 protein expression. Relationship between MMR protein expression and clinicopathologic features was analyzed statistically. Results: Forty-four cases of 658 cases (6.7%) lost at least one MMR protein expression. Expression deficiency rates of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 were 4.1%(27/658), 2.3%(15/658), 2.4% (16/658), and 4.3% (28/658), respectively. MMR expression deficiency mainly consisted of combined loss of MLH1/PMS2 (61.4%, 27/44) and MSH2/MSH6 (34.1%, 15/44). Two unique mutations were identified including one MSH6-deficient(2.3%, 1/44) and PMS2-deficient(2.3%, 1/44). Seven cases (25.9%, 7/27) had positive BRAF V600E expression, suggesting BRAF gene mutation related sporadic colorectal cancers. No correlation was observed between the expression of MMR and depth of tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis, vascular tumor emboli, clinical stage or hematogenous metastasis (P>0.05). MMR status was associated with tumor cell differentiation, histological type and tumor location (P<0.01). Tumors with combined MLH1 and PMS2 loss were associated with mucinous differentiation (P=0.049, P=0.013) and located in the right hemi-colon (P=0.006, P=0.002). Combined MSH2 and PMS2 loss was related to gender, while loss of MSH2 protein was observed more frequently in female patients (P=0.048) and loss of PMS2 protein was seen more frequently in male patients (P=0.031). Conclusions Patients with MMR protein deficiency have a younger onset age and poorly differentiated tumors. Most tumors are located in the right hemi-colon and have mucinous differentiation.