The innovative practicing process around the central task was outlined in Sichuan Provincial Medical infor-mation Institute by strengthening medical information construction and promoting its sustainable development and how to improve knowledge service in medical information institutions was described.

Refractory macular hole (MH) has lower surgical anatomical closure rate and poor recovery of visual acuity due to its clinical characteristics.Refractory macular hole includes unclosed MH,reopening MH,large MH,high myopic MH,traumatic MH and secondary MH.Some modified surgeries were employed to improve the surgical results.Inverted internal limiting membrane flap,autologous transplantation of the internal limiting membrane,laser photocoagulation,extended internal limiting membrane peeling,arcuate retinotomy,lens capsular flap transplantation and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can improve the prognosis partially.Loosening MH traction,providing a scaffold for Müller cell proliferation and promoting photoreceptor reconstruction will be the key points in future.

Objective To explore identification method for genuine glabrous greenbrier rhizome and ensure an accurate clinical medication. Methods Such aspects as characters, microscope appearance, physicochemical analysis,chemical composition, and efficacy were used to identified the genuine glabrous from its adulterants. Results There are significant differences between glabrous greenbrier and its adulterants in the above-mentioned aspects. Conclusion Genuine glabrous greenbrier rhizome can be identified since it has obvious differences from its adulterants.

There are many topics in clinical studies of diabetic retinopathy (DR).The current hot topics include the relationship between DR and systemic diseases,major factors for initiation and progression of DR,early DR screening strategies,DR prevention strategies and how to improve the therapeutic effects of DR.However,due to the complexity of DR pathogenesis,multiple risk factors,long cycle of DR prevention and control,it is difficult to exclude all the confounding factors in the DR clinical research.From the long-term perspective,delaying the occurrence and progression of DR and establishing an efficient and practical prevention and control system is the focus of the future DR research in China.

Objective:To investigate the rat retinal DNA damage induced by acute hypobaric hypoxia and the protective effect of Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound on it. Methods:Seventy-two healthy clean grade male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal oxygen control group, hypoxic model group and Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound gavage group by computer random number distribution, with 24 rats in each group.The rats in the normal oxygen control group were fed in normal condition, while the rats in the hypoxic model group and Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound gavage group were fed in a hypobaric oxygen chamber, which simulated an altitude of 5 kilometers, and the rats were administered intragastrically with Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound (0.1 g/kg) or the same volume of normal saline once a day according to grouping.Retinal tissue was obtained on the 7th day of continuous administration of drugs after the rats were sacrificed by euthanasia.Histopathological staining was performed to observe the pathological morphology of retina in each group.Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the expressions of p53 and histone family 2A variant ( γH2AX). Real time-PCR was used to determine the relative expression levels of 8-oxoguanine nucleoside triphosphatase (MTH1) and 8-hydroxyguanine glycolsylase (OGG1) mRNA.The use and care of the animals followed Regulations of the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission. Results:The retina of hypoxic model group was thicker than that of the normal oxygen control group and Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound gavage group, especially the nerve fiber layer and the ganglion cell layer.The positive staining intensities of p53 and γH2AX were stronger in the retinas of the hypoxic model group than those in the the normal oxygen control group and Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound gavage group.The relative expression levels of MTH1 and OGG1 mRNA in the hypoxic model group were 0.573±0.081 and 0.772±0.136, which were significantly lower than 0.846±0.160 and 1.013±0.168 in the normal oxygen control group, respectively (both at P<0.05). The relative expression level of MTH1 mRNA was 0.748±0.114 in the Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound gavage group, significantly higher than that in the hypoxic model group ( P<0.05). No significant difference was detected in OGG1 mRNA expression level between the Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound gavage group and the hypoxic model group ( P=0.743). Conclusions:The intervention of Radix Astragali seu Hedysari compound plays a protective role in hypobaric hypoxia-induced retinal DNA damage through modulating the expression of p53, γH2AX, OGG1 and MTH1.

With the special organization structure and function,retina is thought to be a prime candidate for developing the cellular therapies.Many types of stem cells have been explored to use for the treatment of retinal diseases and exhibit significant potential for further clinical application.However,before these results are translated to a clinical setting,sufficient investigations are required,such as the selection of the type of stem cells,transplantation strategy,the mechanism of therapeutic effect and biological safety,and how to get high differentiation efficiency,clarify the best development phase before transplantation,and achieve effective functional and structural integration of stem cells in the retina,etc.

Background choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the common reason of visual acuity impairment in high myopia patients,which usually leads to irreversible central visual impairment.Objective This study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of conbercept intravitreal injection for CNV in high myopia.Methods Fifteen high myopia patients with macular CNV diagnosed by OCT and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) from July 2014 to July 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were performed with intravitreal injection of conbercept 0.5 mg (0.05 ml).The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were examined 1 day,l week,4,8 and 12 weeks after injection.The ocular and systemic complications relating to drug were also observed.Results Fifteen eyes of 15 patients totally received 45 times of conbercept intravitreal injection.Among the total,1 eye only received 1 time of treatment,2 eyes received 2 times of treatment,12 eyes received 3 times of treatment and 1 eye received 4 times of treatments.After 12 weeks of treatment,FFA showed that fluorescein leakage disappeared in 10 eyes;fluorescein leakage area decreased in 4 eyes;fluorescein leakage was continued in 1 eye.The BCVA before treatment and at 4,8 and 12 weeks after treatment were 0.61 ±0.46,0.60±0.43,0.41±0.53 and 0.41±0.51,with significant difference among them (F=7.862,P＜0.001).The CMT before treatment and at 4,8 and 12 weeks after treatment were (280.33±14.40),(269.00±10.10),(261.93±7.80) and (259.53±6.30) μm respectively,with significant difference among them (F =32.520,P＜0.001).None of the patients conducted anterior chamber puncture because of elevated intraocular pressure,and no intraocular inflammation,vitreous hemorrhage,retinal detachment and cardiovascular disease or other serious complications occurred.Conclusions Intravitreal injection of conbercept can relieve macular edema and improve the vision.It is an effective method for the treatment of CNV associated with high myopia,but long-term follow-up observation still need to perform.

Diabetes mellitus is a systemic and chronic disease induced by abnormal carbohydrate metabolism,and hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia and hypertension are main clinical characteristics.Long-term high blood glucose level causes the disorders of microvessels and macrovessels in human tissue and organ,resulting in serious complications and extremely high morbidity and mortality worldwide.Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of eye complications,and the incidence of diabetic eye complications is gradually increased in recent years,which is one of important problems that should not be ignored.Diabetic ocular complications include diabetic retinopathy (DR),diabetic optic neuropathy (DN),glaucoma,cataracts,diabetic ocular surface diseases,etc.So the prevention,early diagnosis and effective management for diabetic eye diseases are challenges.Ophthalmologists should pay more attention to diabetic ocular complications and keep a watchful eye on the renewal of managing guidelines of diabetic eye diseases to reduce the blinding rate and economic cost by early detection and timely treatment.

Objective To study comparatively reduction and prevention of surgery-induced peritoneal adhesion by methylene blue and hyaluronate sodium. Methods 46 patients with acute diffuse peritonitis or adhesion intestinal ileus were divided at random into 3 groups: methylene blue ( MB) group, hyaluronate sodium (HS) group and control ( C ) group. The alteration of postoperation recovery,serum MDA, TNF? and erythrocytes SOD in patients were investigated. Results The recuperation in group MB was better than in group C (P

The incidence of high myopia has increased yearly, which has been an area of focus for investigation. The complications of high myopia are contributing factors to blindness,such as posterior staphyloma, chorio-retinal atrophy, choroidal neovascularization, optic nerve head and macular defects. The study of histological changes helps clarify the mechanism. With the development of modern technology such as spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and enhanced depth imaging-technique, histological changes in high myopia can be measured accurately. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on various pathologic changes, including in sclera, Choroid/Bruch's membrane, optic nerve, vitreous and retina.