Objective To study the clinical therapeutic effect of arthroscopic debridement cooperated with injecting chuanxiongqin in treating knee osteoarthritis. Methods Sixty cases of knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into 2 groups: treating group and control group, 30 cases in each group. The treating group were treated by arthroscopic debridement cooperated with injecting chuanxiongqin;the control group were given hyaluronate-Na after received arthroscopic debridement. The operation evaluation criteria of JOA was taken to value the therapeutic effect at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months postoperation. At the same time, nitric oxide (NO) content in joint fluid were measured at preoperation, 1 week, 4 weeks, 3 months postoperation. Results At 1 week postoperation, there were no statistically significant differenced > 0.05) between the two groups,at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperation, the therapeutic effect of the treating group were much better than those of the control group (P < 0.01);NO content in joint fluid of preoperative treatment group [(90.32 ± 22.24) μmol/L]and control group [(90.31 ±22.20) μ mol/L]was similar, there was no significant difference (P >0.05). At 3 months postoperation, NO content in joint fluid of the treating group [(85.63 ± 30.63) μ mol/L]decreased significantly compared with preoperative (P < 0.05 ) , and the content was much lower than that of the control group [(89.66 ± 20.63 ) μ mol/L], there was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Although NO content in joint fluid of the control group was decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Conclusions Arthroscopic debridement with injecting chuanxiongqin in treating knee osteoarthritis can control inflammatory reaction of cartilage and synovia]in effect, improve the therapeutic effect. Therefore, it should be avalid method in treating knee osteoarthritis.

Objective:To study possibility of traditional Chinese drug preparation of controlled drug delivered to the colonic region. Methods: After the herbs was extracted and refined, micropills was produced with pectin selected as coating material and thallium monochloride was as internal standard substance. Results: The preparation was testified to attain schedule colon target. Conclusions: This research provided a way for traditional Chinese drug preparation of colon targeting.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the curative effects of compound glycyrrhizin injection in treatment of primary sjogren syndrome(PSS).METHODS:68 patients with PSS were randomized into the treatment group and control group,and treated for 4wk with hydroxypiperaquine,bromhexine and carmellose.The treatment group also received compound glycyrrhizin injection in addition to the three agents for the control group.RESULTS:After treatment for 4wk,both groups saw some declines in IgG,IgM,IgA,ESR and RF,and improvement in indicators such as schemer test and saliva flow rate,with the treatment group showing more significant improvement than the control group(P

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of DADS in inhibiting the proliferation and inducing apoptosis of gastro-esophageal cancer cells in vitro.Methods The gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma cells OE1 9 were treated by DADS of different concentrations in vitro.Morphologic changes were observed by the microscope and MTT assay was performed to test the growth-inhibitory effect of DADS on OE1 9 cells.Apoptosis rate of OE1 9 treated with different concentrations of DADS was measured by flow cytometry.Real-time PCR was used to detect DADS-induced effects on mRNA expressions of Caspase-3 ,Caspase-9 ,Bcl-2 ,Bax and NF-κB in OE1 9 cells.Results DADS inhibited the proliferation of OE19 cells in a dose-dependent manner.The apoptosis rate of OE19 cells was 14.0%,25.4% and 19.0% and 27.2%,respectively,when treated with 40 and 80μg/mL DADS for 24 h and 48 h.Real-time PCR assay showed that DADS could enhance mRNA expression levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and significantly decrease the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB and Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. Conclusion DADS can significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma cells via mitochondria-dependent pathways,which may be related to NF-κB and Bcl-2 families.

Objective:To explore the abnormalities of efficiency in resting state functional brain network in patients with paranoid schizophrenia and the correlations between efficiencies and clinical symptoms.Methods:A total of 73 patients with schizophrenia (SZ group) met with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ) criteria for schizophrenia and 70 healthy controls (HC group) were included .All subjects were checked by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS) were used to assess the symptoms.Abnormalities of global and local efficiency of brain regions in brain functional network were analyzed by graph theory.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the abnormal global efficiency and local efficiency of brain regions of SZ group and PANSS.SPSS 20.0 software was used for dependent-sample t-test, ANOVA test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:Compared with the HC group, SZ group showed increased global efficiency in bilateral thalamus(left: 0.26±0.06, 0.28±0.04, t=2.03, P=0.044.right: 0.26±0.06, 0.28±0.05, t=2.08, P=0.040), right orbital part of middle frontal gyrus(0.21±0.04, 0.23±0.05, t=2.25, P=0.026), cerebellar lobule Ⅸ(0.19±0.06, 0.21±0.05, t=2.56, P=0.011) and vermis Ⅲ(0.15±0.08, 0.19±0.07, t=3.27, P=0.001), while decreased global efficiency in bilateral parahippocampal gyrus(left: 0.25±0.05, 0.22±0.05, t=-3.34, P=0.001.right: 0.27±0.04, 0.23±0.05, t=-4.96, P=0.000), superior occipital gyrus(left: 0.27±0.03, 0.26±0.03, t=-2.70, P=0.008.right: 0.27±0.02, 0.26±0.03, t=-2.73, P=0.007), superior parietal gyrus(left: 0.27±0.03, 0.26±0.05, t=-2.63, P=0.010.right: 0.27±0.03, 0.25±0.05, t=-2.76, P=0.007), paracentral lobule(left: 0.28±0.03, 0.26±0.07, t=-2.47, P=0.015.right: 0.28±0.04, 0.25±0.07, t=-3.06, P=0.003), left precental gyrus(0.28±0.04, 0.27±0.04, t=-1.98, P=0.049), left cuneus(0.26±0.04, 0.25±0.04, t=-2.08, P=0.039), left lingual gyrus(0.29±0.03, 0.28±0.03, t=-2.28, P=0.024), left middle occipital gyrus(0.29±0.03, 0.28±0.03; t=-2.74, P=0.007), left middle temporal gyrus(0.28±0.03, 0.26±0.03, t=-2.73, P=0.007), temporal pole in left middle temporal gyrus(0.20±0.06, 0.18±0.06, t=-2.59, P=0.011) and right hippocampus(0.27±0.04, 0.26±0.06, t=-2.05, P=0.042).Compared with the HC group, SZ group showed increased local efficiency in bilateral caudate nucleus(left: 0.33±0.06, 0.35±0.05, t=2.54, P=0.012.right: 0.33±0.07, 0.35±0.04, t=2.77, P=0.007) and left superior occipital gyrus(0.39±0.03, 0.40±0.02, t=2.17, P=0.031), while decreased local efficiency in bilateral parahippocampal gyrus(left: 0.35±0.04, 0.32±0.07, t=-3.16, P=0.002.right: 0.34±0.04, 0.32±0.07, t=-2.91, P=0.004), left supplementary motor area(0.36±0.02, 0.35±0.05, t=-2.01, P=0.047), left inferior parietal but supramarginal and angular gyrus(0.35±0.03, 0.34±0.05, t=-2.65, P=0.009), left cerebellar crus Ⅱ(0.37±0.03, 0.36±0.04, t=-2.01, P=0.046), lobule ⅦB(0.37±0.03, 0.35±0.07, t=-1.98, P=0.049), right posterior cingulate gyrus(0.36±0.04, 0.34±0.07, t=-2.07, P=0.041), right superior parietal gyrus(0.37±0.03, 0.36±0.05, t=-2.19, P=0.031), right precuneus(0.36±0.02, 0.35±0.04, t=-2.36, P=0.020), right paracentral lobule(0.37±0.02, 0.36±0.06, t=-2.07, P=0.041) and right temporal pole in middle temporal gyrus(0.33±0.08, 0.30±0.09, t=-2.09, P=0.038).The global efficiency of bilateral paracentral lobule and left temporal pole in middle temporal gyrus in SZ group were negatively correlated with the negative scale scores( r=-0.25, -0.25, -0.26, all P<0.05).The global efficiency of right hippocampus in SZ group was positively correlated with total scores of PANSS( r=0.23, P=0.049).The global efficiency of left middle temporal gyrus in SZ group was negatively correlated with total scores of PANSS( r=-0.23, P=0.049).The local efficiency of right paracentral lobule in SZ group was negatively correlated with the positive scale scores( r=-0.24, P=0.038). Conclusion:The brain networks of patients with first-episode paranoid schizophrenia may have regional dysfunction in the transmission efficiency and fault-tolerant ability of resting state brain functional network, and the abnormalities of efficiency may be associated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms in several brain regions.

ObjectiveTo investigate the chemical constituents from Aidi Injection.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 gel columns and reverse phase semi-preparative HPLC repeatedly.Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis (NMR and MS).ResultsTwenty-two compounds were isolated and identified to be 3-O-3',4'-diacetyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosylcycloastragenol (1),astragaloside IV (2),astragaloside Ⅱ (3),astragaloside I (4),isoastragaloside I (5),acetylastragaloside I (6),ginsenosid Re (7),ginsenoside Rf (8),ginsenoside Rg1 (9),ginsenoside Rb3 (10),notoginsenoside R4 (11),ginsenoside Rb1 (12),ginsenoside Rc (13),ginsenoside Rb2 (14),ginsenoside Rd (15),lucyoside H (16),3-O-ββ-D-glucopyranosyl(l→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(l→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-α-Larabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(l→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (17),3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl [β-D-glucopyranosyl-(l→4)]-(l→2)-αt-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (18),syringin (19),elentheroside E (20),4-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-I-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (21),and coniferin (22).ConclusionCompounds 1-6 are originated from Astragalus membranceus,compounds 7-18 are originated from Panax ginseng,and compounds 19-22 are originated from Acanthopanax senticosus by LC-MS analysis.Compound 1 is a new compound.

Objective To investigate the expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 in the labial gland of patients with primary Sj?gren's syndrome (pSS), and to explore their role in the pathogenesis of pSS. Methods The expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 in labial gland tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry in 32 cases of newly diagnosed pSS and 30 cases of oral mucosa cysts or trauma patients. The expression level, intensity and location were analyzed and compared statistically. χ2 test and Spearman correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results The positive rate of CXCR4 in the test group was 91%(n=29), which was significantly higher than that in the control group (33%, n=10, χ2=21.77, P=0.001). The positive rate of CXCL12 in the test group was 97%(n=31), which was significantly higher than that in the control group 40%(n=12), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=23.57, P=0.001). Conclusion CXCR4 and CXCL12 are highly expressed in labial gland of pSS patients, this suggests that they participate in the pathological process of pSS local inflammatory response and play an important role in pSS pathogenesis.

Mental retardation is defined by significant limitations in intellectual function and adaptive behavior that occur before 18 years of age. Many chromosomal diseases come with mental retardation. We reported two Chinese families with partial trisomy 9p and other chromosome partial monosomy, clinical features of mental retardation and mild facial and pinkie anomalies. In the family 1, we showed that the proband carried a trisomy 9p21.3→pter and monosomy 21q22.3→qter by using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. Molecular genetic analysis defined the precise breakpoint on chromosome 9p between markers D9S1846 and D9S171, an interval of about 2.9 Mb on 9p21.3, and the breakpoint on chromosome 21q between markers D21S1897 and D21S1446, a region of about 1.5 Mb on 21q22.3. In the family 2, a patient with trisomy 9p21.3→pter and monosomy 5p15.33→pter, and a de novo maternal balanced translocation between chromosomes 5 and 9 was identified in his mother. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis defined the precise breakpoints on chromosome 9p21.3 and chromosome 5p15.33. Further clinical investigation found that any individual had no refractoriness eczema disease except the proband in this family. These results further implicate that trisomy 9p is associated with mental retardation, and that there may be key gene duplication on chromosome 9p21.3→9pter responsible for mental retardation and mild facial anomaly. This result has been applied successfully in prenatal diagnosis of the second family.

OBJECTIVETo develop a RP-HPLC-ELSD method for the simultaneous determination of five glycosides in Aidi injection.

METHODThe separation was carried out at 35 degrees C on a Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) eluted with acetonitrile and water as the mobile phases in gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The SHIMADZU ELSD-LT II detector was used. The detector temperature was at 40 degrees C and the pressure of carrier gas N2 was 0.35 MPa.

RESULTThe linear response (the natural logarithm of peak areas with corresponding mass) ranges were 21.2-212 mg x L(-1) for syringin, 30.8-308 mg x L(-1) for ginsenoside Rg1, 24.8-248 mg x L(-1) for ginsenoside Re, 25.6-256 mg x L(-1) for ginsenoside Rb1, 31.2-312 mg x L(-1), for astragaloside IV, respectively. The average recoveries (n = 9) of five glycosides were greater than 97.6%, and RSD were less than 1.1%.

CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrated that this method had adequate accuracy and selectivity to measure the concentrations of five glycosides in Aidi injection.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Injections ; Phenylpropionates ; analysis ; Saponins ; analysis ; Triterpenes ; analysis

Objective To investigate the difference of expression and distribution of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)between acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi sarcoma (AIDS-KS)and classic Kaposi sarcoma (KS).Methods The subjects were collected from The First Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2010 to January 2012,including 11 patients with AIDS-KS,7 patients with classic KS,7 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infective patients without KS and 7 healthy volunteers.Clinical data and biopsy specimens were collected.The expression of TLR4 was detected by immunohistochemical method.Statistical analysis of mean between two groups was conducted by using t test.Statistical analysis of ranked data was conducted by using U test.Comparison between groups was analyzed with one-way ANOVA.Results The expressions of TLR4 were both strongly positive in patients with AIDS-KS and classic KS,and mainly in alien vascular endothelial cells (VEC)and tumor cells.TLR4 was located on cell membrane and cytoplasm,and also in the nucleus. TLR4 was rarely expressed in the skin tissue in HIV infective patients without KS and healthy volunteers. The expressions of TLR4 in AIDS-KS,classic KS,HIV infective patients and healthy volunteers were 0.242±0.443,0.208±0.059,0.072±0.042 and 0.065 ±0.031 ,respectively (F =33.70,P <0.01 ). The expressions of TLR4 were lower in HIV infective (AIDS ) patients without KS and healthy volunteers.The expression level of TLR4 was significantly higher in KS patients compared with non-KS patients (t=4.097,P =0.003).However,TLR4 expression had no significant difference between AIDS-KS and classic KS patients (t =0.480,P =0.638).The expression of TLR4 was significantly higher in AIDS-KS patients compared with HIV infective patients (t=2.900,P =0.010).Conclusions The study identifies that TLR4 is highly expressed in patients with AIDS-KS or classic KS.It is suggested that TLR4 may play an important role in occurrence and development of KS.