Objective To investigate the feasibility, safety and clinical effect of percutaneous transhepatic bipolar radiofrequency catheter ablation in treating malignant obstructive jaundice. Methods Twenty patients with inoperable malignant biliary obstruction were enrolled in this study. Of the 20 cases , 2 had biliary stent re-occlusion. Percutaneous transhepatic bipolar radiofrequency catheter ablation was carried out in all patients. The ablation power was 5 - 12 W, single ablation time was 60 - 120 s, the average duration of ablation was 4.66 min (1.5 - 8.5 min), and the mean effective ablation extent was 5.76 cm (4 -10 cm). After ablation, balloon catheter was inserted to dilate the occluded segment, which was followed by implantation of biliary metal stent. The clinical efficacy , safety and complications were recorded. Results Percutaneous transhepatic bipolar radiofrequency catheter ablation was successfully completed in all the 20 patients. Implantation of biliary metal stent was performed in 17 patients , among them balloon dilatation was employed in 11 patients before stent implantation , simple balloon dilatation with no stent implantation was employed in one patient, and ablation was adopted after biliary stent re-occlusion occurred in two patients. After the ablation, no complications such as biliary fistula, biliary tract infections, liver penetrating injuries, peritonitis, etc. occurred. Biliary drainage was successfully completed in all patients. The median follow-up period was three months(0.5-10 months); the stent patency rate at the end of one and three months was 100% (19/19) and 79% (11/14) respectively. The one-month and 3-month survival rate was 95% (19/20) and 93% (14/15) respectively. During the follow-up period, 8 of the 20 patients were alive and 12 died. The median survival time was 144 days (13 - 330 days) and the median time of stent patency was 60 days (30-210 days). Of the 12 fatal patients, 8 died of cachexia with multi- system failure although their total bilirubin level was not elevated during the follow- up period. Conclusion For the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice, percutaneous transhepatic bipolar radiofrequency catheter ablation is a newly-developed, safe and feasible means. Clinically, this technique has already achieved some certain effect although its long-term results need to be further evaluated.

Objective To evaluate the effect of endovascular graft exclusion (EVGE) for aorta aneurysm(AA). Methods From October,2000 to August 2002,5 cases of AA were treated by EVGE, 4 of which were thoracic and abdominal aortic dissecting aneurysm and the another one was abdominal AA. Results All the operations were successfully performed. The pseudo cavity in the 4 cases of aortic dissection disappeared after the operation,and the another aortic aneurysm was successfully isolated. Conclusions EVGE is an effective ,less trauma and safe, when the indications are carefully selected.

AIM To study the effects of recombinant human IL 1 receptor antagonist (IL 1ra) on isolated airway smooth muscle tissue. METHODS Changes of isolated organ's tension were monitored with force displacement transducer and MedLab recording system. RESULTS ①IL 1ra haddirect relaxant effect in normal and ovalbumin sensitized pulmonary as well as tracheal smooth muscle. The mean EC 50 values were 1 29?10 -8 mol?L -1 and 8 06?10 -8 mol?L -1 in normal pulmonary and tracheal smooth muscle, but the mean EC 50 values were 2 61?10 -7 mol?L -1 and 5 88?10 -7 mol?L -1 in ovalbumin sensitized pulmonary and tracheal smooth muscle. Therefore the relaxation responses of sensitized airway smooth muscle to IL 1ra were lower than those of normal pulmonary and tracheal smooth muscle.②IL 1ra(10 -9 ～10 -5 mol?L -1 ) concentration dependently inhibit contraction responses to histamine(10 -3 mol?L -1 ) in normal pulmonary and tracheal smooth muscle, compared with administrating solvent PBS group ( P

AIM: To explore the anti-tumor effect and the mechanism of dihydroarteannuin in C57BL/6J mice with lewis lung cancer. METHODS: Fifty C57BL/6J mice subcutaneously planted with 3LL lung cancer cells (2?106) were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, same volume of normal saline group, positive control DDP group, low, middle and high dose dihydroarteannuin groups. Changes of body weight and inhibitory rate of tumor in each group were observed. The cell cycle and apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The body weights were decreased in middle and high dose group compared with NS group and the inhibitory rate of tumor were 53.50% and 59.24% respectively. FCM assay indicated that Dihydroarteannuin could induce apoptosis of lung cancer cell. At the same time, the number of G0/G1 and G2/M phase cells was decreased. Most of the cells were arrested in S1 phase. CONCLUSION: Dihydroarteannuin has obviously effect on anti-tumor in C57BL/6J mice with lung cancer. Its possible mechanism might be involved in inducing cancer cell apoptosis.

Vacuum pyrolysis of phenolic resin laminate substrate in temperature-programmed furnace reactor was studied.The sample and product oils were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Analytical results showed that the up per clear liquid of pyrolysis oils was mainly consisted of water-soluble substances, such as phenol, cresol, xy lenol, sugars, hydantoins, morpholines, pyranones and pyridine derivatives compounds, etc., while the lower sediment was mainly insoluble or hardly water-soluble substances, such as the big substituent phenolics (the number of substituent carbon atoms of which is greater than or equal to 2), aryl phosphate esters, fatty acid esters and nitrile compounds, and so on.Both of the upper clear liquid and lower sediment have a higher content of melamines.

Background and purpose: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important role in the regulation of cell metabolism and energy balance and is associated with cell proliferation, survival and multiple signaling pathways. Recent reports found that AMPK is involved in tumor suppression and drug resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of AMPK on the anti-tumor effect of adriamycin and underlying mechanism in breast cancer MCF-7/adr cells. Methods:The anti-proliferative effects of adriamycin was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay in MCF-7/adr, MCF-7/adr-vector and MCF-7/adr-AMPKαcells. The cell morphology in each group was stained with the lfuorescent dye Hoechst 33528, and the effects on apoptosis induction were examined by lfow cytometry (FCM). The intracellular concentration of adriamycin was detected by lfuorescence assay. The resis-tance-and apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by Western blot. Results:The growth of breast cancer MCF-7/adr cells was inhibited by adriamycin in a dose-and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values at 24 and 48 h were (36.8±2.1) and (28.8±1.3) μg/mL, respectively. AMPKαover-expression enhanced the cytotoxic effect of adriamycin in MCF-7/adr-AMPKαcells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Its IC50 values at 24 and 48 h were (16.0±0.7) and (4.2±0.2) μg/mL, respectively. Fluorescent morphological assay showed that AMPKαoverexpression contributed to adriamycin induced apoptosis in MCF-7/adr-AMPKαcells. After treatment with 1.0 μg/mL adriamycin for 48 h, the apoptosis rates of MCF-7/adr, MCF-7/adr-vector and MCF-7/adr-AMPKα cells were (12.0±1.4)%, (12.7±1.6)% and (32.0±4.2)%, respectively, indicating that overexpression of AMPKα enhanced the adriamycin-induced apoptosis in MCF-7/adr cells. Fluorescence microplate assay showed that over expression of AMPKαsigniifcantly increased the intracellular accumulation of adriamycin, in a concentration dependent manner. Western blot analysis showed that, compared with MCF-7/adr and MCF-7/adr-vector cells, the expressions of Bax, caspase-3 and cleaved PARP proteins were increased. Meanwhile, Bcl-2 and P-gp protein expressions were decreased in MCF-7/adr-AMPKαcells. Furthermore, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol was also observed in MCF-7/adr-AMPKαcells. Conclusion:AMP-Kαoverexpression can enhance the chemosensitivity of breast cancer MCF-7/adr cells to adriamycin through inhibiting the drug effux transporter and regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins.

Objective To describe the condition of depression of the undergraduate nursing students in practice,and compare the differences of depression between male and female nursing students.Methods Using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to investigate the undergraduate nursing students who were practicing in the Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2011 to June 2012 and analyze the condition and gender-related differences of depression.Results The occurrence of depression was high in the undergraduate practical nurses(37.2％).The occurrence of depression in the male (41.2％)undergraduate practical nurses was higher than that in the female (34.6％) undergraduate practical nurses.The occurrence of depression was mostly light depression(16.3％) and middle depression (20.9％),no serious depression occurred.Conclusions The higher occurrence of depression in the undergraduate practical nurses and the gender-related differences signify the importance of psychological problems.

Objective:To analyze the important controllable factors which affect the glycemic control of diabetes.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the role of relevant characteristics in glycemic control by a sampling investigation of 430 diabetic patients in Hunan, China. A questionnaire was designed for personal interviews to collect data. Univariate regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the effects of various factors on glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) control.
Results:hTe level of HbA1c in 430 patients was (8.7±2.6)%, and the value in 34%patients among them was ≤7.0%. Base on univariate regression analysis some factors were associated with good HbA1c control, including age, diabetic education, self monitoring of blood glucose, knowledge of blood sugar control standard, living environment, and self-owned glucometer. However, the upgraded treatment was associated with poor control. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, the ifrst four factors mentioned above were protective factors for HbA1c while upgraded treatment was risk factor for HbA1c.
Conclusion:Knowledge of blood sugar control standard, diabetic education and self monitoring of blood glucose are important controllable factors for better glycemic control of diabetes.

2.83 cm(left-right).The density of lymphocele was homogeneous ,with 0~15 HU(mean value,5.7HU).Adjacent organs were displaced by compression of lymphocele.Conclusion It should be diagnosed as a lymphocele if a pelvic cyst is found in postoperation of pelvic malignant tumor.

BACKGROUND: The balance of bone homeostasis is mediated by the osteoclast-related bone resorption and osteoblast-related bone formation. Over-activation of osteoclasts results in a series of bone metabolic diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. The activation of nuclear factor-κB pathway induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) plays an important role in osteoclastogenesis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of corylin on RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. METHODS: RAW264.7 cells were incubated with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 μmol/L corylin. The cytotoxicity of corylin was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. RANKL induced the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts, during which 2, 5, 10 μmol/L corylin was given. The number of osteoclasts was analyzed by TRAP staining after 5 days of intervention and the morphology and function of osteoclasts were analyzed by F-actin staining. Bone resorption assay was conducted after 2 days of intervention. The activation of nuclear factor-κB pathway was detected by western blot at 0, 15, 30, and 60 minutes of intervention. Then in vivo experiments were carried out, and the ovariectomized mice were intraperitoneally given 10 mg/kg twice a week. After 6 weeks of intervention, mouse femurs were taken for morphological analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no cytotoxicity of corylin below the concentration of 16 μmol/L. Corylin inhibited osteoclastogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Corylin inhibited the formation of F-actin and resorption activity of osteoclasts. Corylin inhibited RANKL-mediated nuclear factor-κB pathway. Corylin treatment reduced the bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis mice. Overall, corylin inhibits osteoclastogenesis via blocking nuclear factor-κB pathway and attenuates postmenopausal osteoporosis.