Understanding of the classification of intracerebral hemorrhage may help to better manage the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Selecting the appropriate diagnosis and treatment measures as well as preventive strategies for different subtypes in order to improve the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and prevent the recurrence.This article reviews the present common classification methods of intracerebral hemorrhage studied and reported in the world.

0.05).The 83 samples of HBV genotype B all belonged to subtype Ba,and we had not found subtype Bj.CONCLUSIONS The HBV genotypes among the children carriers of hepatitis B virus in Wenzhou mainly are the genotypes C and B.In two subtypes of genotype B mainly is the subtype Ba.

AIM: To explore the anti-tumor effect and the mechanism of dihydroarteannuin in C57BL/6J mice with lewis lung cancer. METHODS: Fifty C57BL/6J mice subcutaneously planted with 3LL lung cancer cells (2?106) were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, same volume of normal saline group, positive control DDP group, low, middle and high dose dihydroarteannuin groups. Changes of body weight and inhibitory rate of tumor in each group were observed. The cell cycle and apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The body weights were decreased in middle and high dose group compared with NS group and the inhibitory rate of tumor were 53.50% and 59.24% respectively. FCM assay indicated that Dihydroarteannuin could induce apoptosis of lung cancer cell. At the same time, the number of G0/G1 and G2/M phase cells was decreased. Most of the cells were arrested in S1 phase. CONCLUSION: Dihydroarteannuin has obviously effect on anti-tumor in C57BL/6J mice with lung cancer. Its possible mechanism might be involved in inducing cancer cell apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the application of drugs in the treatment of pediatric bronchial pneumonia,and to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the clinic.METHODS:150 Pediatric cases of bronchial pneumonia in our hospital from Jul.2005 to Mar.2006 were randomly divided to 5 groups(n=30).Each group were given different antibacterial therpy.The hospitalization duration and medical costs were processed and analyzed using PEMS software under cured and discharge condition.RESULTS:Bactericide penicillin or cephalosporin combined with antibacterial drugs erythromycin or clindamycin would lower the antibacterial effect and aggravated economic burden of patients.Penicillin combined with cephalosporin is optimal,the cheapest and time-saving therapy for pediatric bronchial pneumonia.CONCLUSION:The application of drugs for pediatric bronchial pneumonia is reasonable basically.

Objective To observe the ZEEK thrombus aspiration catheter use on the level of vascular and myocardial perfusion in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients,as well as the impact of early prognosis in order to clear the relative best use of ZEEK thrombus aspiration catheter.Methods Eighty-eight acute STEMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),according to the direct use of ZEEK thrombus aspiration catheter or after pre-expansion with small balloon,divided into direct aspiration group 45 cases,and inflation pre-aspiration group 43 cases.All patients underwent stenting,observed the perfusion of the vascular and myocardial levels after stenting,after 1 month,determined N end of B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level,observed segmental wall motion score index (WMSI) and left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF).Results Direct aspiration group was significantly better than inflation pre-aspiration group in the TIMI frames count,rate of TIMI coronary myocardial perfusion grade 2-3 grade and after 2 h ST segment resolution ＞ 50％ rate [(31.3 ± 7.9) frames vs.(42.5 ± 8.5) frames,84.4％(38/45) vs.72.1％(31/43),86.7％(39/45) vs.74.4％(32/43),P＜0.01 or ＜ 0.05].After 1 month,direct aspiration group was significantly lower than inflation pre-aspiration group in the peak of creatine kinase isozyme MB,NT-proBNP and WMSI [(2141.3 ± 306.5)U/L vs.(2734.5 ± 366.1)U/L,(443.2 ± 226.4) ng/L vs.(512.9 ± 281.7) nig/L,1.32 ± 0.16 vs.1.59 ± 0.23,P ＜ 0.05],but there was no significant difference in LVEF between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Repeated aspiration to infarction responsibility lesion segments using ZEEK thrombus aspiration catheter,and direct stenting,which is superior to the thrombus aspiration and stenting placement after single or multiple pre-expansion.

Objective To conduct a retrospective study about drug-induced hyperthermia (DIH) based on DIH data obtained in medical practice,and elucidate the relationship between DIH incidence and antibacterials overuse.Methods To investigate successively the medical records of inpatients from orthopaedics department in Fudan university affiliated Jinshan hospital at two different periods,and data of DIH cases were extracted to perform a comparative study.The period for 229 effective cases of group Ⅰ was from Feb.1 to Apr.30,2011,before significant improvement on antibacterials use.The period for 342 effective cases of group Ⅱ was from Jul.1 to Sep.30,2012,after the effective enforcements of regulation on antibacterials use.Inclusion criteria for DIH were:①an oral temperature ≥37.6 ℃ since postoperative day 4,②no evidence of infection,③a time relationship between fever and the administration of causative drugs:a fever occurring with drug administration and disappearing after drug cessation within 3 days,④no other causes for the fever,⑤oral temperature ≤ 37.6 ℃ until leaving hospital.Exclusion criteria for DIH were listed below:①possible pathological fever,e.g.,in cancer,②hospitalization within 3 days,③no surgery,④severe trauma,for example,visceral or central nervous system injury.Results All causative drugs were for injection.By comparison,duration of antibacterial administration is significantly shorter in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ (1.7 ± 1.7 vs.4.6-± 1.8days,P ＜ 0.01),and total DIH incidence and antibacterials related DIH incidence were significantly lower in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ (7.3％ vs.30.1％,1.5％ vs.25.3％,both P ＜0.01).Conclusion DIH incidence is related with drug type especially with antibacterials overuse,and changed with drug program.DIH was more serious for injection of antibacterials than injection of traditional Chinese medicine.Decrease of antibacterials usage is positively associated with the decreased DIH incidence.Safe medication should begin from safe usage of antibacterials.

Hyperhomocysteinemia, which is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, may cause aberrant methylation and dysregulation of gene expression, but the characteristics of the aberrant methylation and its key links involved in its pathogenic mechanisms are still poorly understood. The effect of hyperhomocysteine on DNA methylation in vascular smooth muscle cells, its characteristics and the underlying mechanism of Hcy-induced changing in DNA methylation patterns were investigated. Clinical relevant concentrations of homocysteine was added into the cultured vascular smooth muscle cells of the Homo sapien umbilical vein for 24 h. The level of SAM and SAH was detected by HPLC. The activity of SAH Hydrolase was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting analysis. The level and patterns of DNA methylation were measured by endogenous C-5 DNA methyltransferase(C-5 MT-ase) activity and capacity of genomic DNA to accept methyl groups and methylation-dependent restriction analysis. The results indicated that an increased Hcy concentration induced elevated SAH, declined SAM and the ratio of SAM/SAH, reduced expression of SAH Hydrolase, but increased activity of C-5MT-ase. The methylation status of gDNA analyzed by methyl-accepting capacity of gDNA uncovered a demethylation process in gDNA, or homocysteine-caused hypomethylation in gDNA.With different methylation-dependent restriction endonucleases, the aberrant demethylation was found to prefer C↓CGG sequences to CpG islands. The impacts of different dosage of Hcy showed that the varied detrimental effects of Hcy could be attributed to different concentrations via different mechanisms. In mild and moderate hyperhomocysteinemia, the Hcy may primarily influence the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through the interference of transferring methyl-group metabolism, while in more higher Hcy concentration, the notorious impacts may be more directly caused via oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation etc.

Objective To investigate the different expressions of pathological tissue and serum microRNAs (miRNAs)in Hirschsprung disease(HSCR). Methods Pathological colon tissues and serum samples were obtained from 52 confirmed HSCR cases respectively by surgery and pathology and from 52 matched controls,respectively. An initial screening of the tissues and serum microRNA expression were performed through TaqMan Low Density Array. The candidate tissue and serum miRNAs were validated by quantitative real - time - PCR in the 20 paired array samples and extra 32 paired samples after the integration of the screening result. The bioinformatical software online including miR-base,Target Scan,PicTar and MiRanda were used to predict the target mRNA of the consistent microRNAs in the tis-sues and the serum. Results Compared with the controls,47 microRNAs were differently expressed in HSCR tissues, including 17 up - regulated miRNAs and 30 down - regulated miRNAs;32 upregulated miRNAs were also detected to be differently expressed in the HSCR serum. Among these microRNAs,miR - 218 - 1 and miR - 885 - 5p were identi-fied to have a consistent significant different expression in both tissues and the serum,which were validated as high -expressed in microarray samples and expanded 32 paired samples(miR - 218 - 1:tissue array 0. 017 58 ± 0. 002 29 vs 0. 003 37 ± 0. 000 50,P ﹤ 0. 001;tissue expanded expression 0. 013 53 ± 0. 001 74 vs 0. 004 43 ± 0. 000 60,P ﹤0. 001. miR - 885 - 5p:tissue array 0. 000 30 ± 0. 000 11 vs 0. 000 04 ± 0. 0000 08,P = 0. 027 6;tissue expanded ex-pression 0. 004 59 ± 0. 000 16 vs 0. 000 04 ± 0. 000 01,P = 0. 014 5. miR - 218 - 1:serum array 0. 769 60 ± 0. 285 50 vs 0. 045 14 ± 0. 015 07,P = 0. 015 5;serum expanded expression 1. 151 00 ± 0. 430 00 vs 0. 023 07 ± 0. 003 81,P =0. 008 7. miR -885 -5p:serum array 1. 595 00 ±0. 441 70 vs 0. 169 40 ±0. 034 46,P =0. 001 2;serum expanded expres-sion 1. 689 00 ±0. 453 00 vs 0. 146 10 ± 0. 031 24,P = 0. 001 2). Specifically,the target genes of these 2 microRNAs were RET,PLAG1 and NeuroD1,which had been reported to be directly related to HSCR. Conclusions Significantly dif-ferential expressed miRNAs exist in the pathological tissue and the serum of HSCR. MiR - 218 - 1 and miR - 885 - 5p, which showing consistent differential expression,may be involved in the pathogenesis of HSCR.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into effect of aerosol inhalation of ambroxol hydrochloride on phlegm-removing and airway obstruction in patients undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery. METHODS:62 patients undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery were treated with primary treatment. Treatment group were additionally given 30 mg ambroxol hydrochloride added into aerosol inhalation and control group were treated with 4 000 IU ?-chymotrypsin added into aerosol inhalation. Both groups were treated wreistpho innshea lraattieo nw oefr e6 ～978% L ?fomr intr-e1a tomxyengte ng-roduripv eann dae 7ro1s%ol s ftowr icceo nat rdoal yg reoaucph (timP