Objective To explore the effect of treadmill training on inspiratory function and its association with improvement of exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods The 12 moderate to severe COPD patients were allocated to lower-limb exercise training for 12weeks. The routine tests of pulmonary ventilation function, diffusion function,lung volume, peak inspiratory flow (PIF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), symptom-limited progressive cycle ergometer exercise tests and constant work rate exercise tests were administered before and after the training program. During the constant work rate exercise tests, tidal breathing flow volume (TBFV) curves were recorded every 1 mir. Results After treadmill training, the exercise duration (T) (t=7. 357, P＜0. 001), peak work rate (WRpeak) (t=3. 614, P＜0.05), MIP (t=4.754, P＜0. 001) and PIF (t=2. 440, P＜0. 05) increased significantly. The tidal PIF (t=- 2.747, P＜0.05) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) (t = - 4.487, P＜ 0.05 ) decreased significantly at isotime. Maxium inspiratory flow reserve (△FLOWinsp) (t = 2. 755, P ＜ 0. 05 ) increased significantly at isotime, and maxium expiratory flow reserve (△FLOWexp) (t = 1. 326, P ＞ 0.05)showed no significant changes; The△T were positively correlated with △MIP (r=0. 613, P＜0. 05),△PIF (r=0.497, P＜0.05) and △FLOWinsp (r=0.592, P＜0.05). Conclusions Lower limb exercise training improves inspiratory function of COPD patients. The improvement of exercise endurance in moderate to severe COPD patients after lower limb exercise training is due to increases of inspiratory muscle strength, maxium PIF and inspiratory flow reserve.

BACKGROUND:To obtain more quantum dot (QD) barcodes,the overlay peaks of fluorescence occur,leading to difficulties in identifying QD barcodes.OBJECTIVE:To identify QD barcodes of two adjacent wave length using wavelet transform technique.METHODS:Through the microscopy,the spectrum of fluorescence induced by 375 nm light was captured by spectroscopy.The spectral signal was split into multi-scale components by wavelet transform.After transformed by spline function,every component constructed a new spectrum with peaks expanded by inverse wavelet transform.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Interpolation operation was performed on original data to control the data length to 2n.Following wavelet transform,peak location remained unchanged,so the eigenvalue of spectrum of coding fluorescence was extracted.The spectrum of fluorescence mixed with microspheres was split,and two QD barcodes were identified.The improved barcodes identification of adjacent spectrum increase color of QD barcodes,thereby enhancing code information volume.Results show that following spectrum was processed by wavelet transform,overlay peaks of fluorescence has be expanded,and enhanced the efficiency of recognition,which lays a foundation for detecting tumor markers.

Objective To study the findings of 256‐slice CT angiography in atherosclerosis of the intracranial carotid arteary . Methods 402 cases of atherosclerotic lesions in the neck and brain were collected from 2013 to 2014 in our hospital ,in which there were 274 cases of male and 128 cases female .All patients underwent 256‐slice CT angiography of the head and neck .The incidence of atherosclerosis involvement in the intracranial carotid artery was analysed .The characteristics of carotid plaque on different sexes , age(≤60 years and >60 years) and location (right and left ) were observed .The length and property of plaque ,and stenostic rate of the artery were measured respectively .Results There were 164 cases (40 .80% ) of intracranial carotid artery athrosclerosis in 402 cases of atherosclerotic lesions of the neck and brain ,in which the incident rate of male was 38 .32% and female 46 .09% (χ2 =2 .182 ,P=0 .140) .The incident rate of >60 years group was more than that of ≤60 years group (χ2 <31 .105 ,P<0 .001)for both sexes . There were no differences on lesion location (right or left)for different sexes or age groups (χ2 <0 .035 ,P>0 .088) .And there were also no differences on lesion length (≤10 mm ,11-20 mm ,>20 mm) for different sexes or age groups (χ2 <0 .027 ,P>0 .091) . Calcified plaques were seen the most (79 .81% ) ,mixed plaques were seen more (15 .46% ) ,and lipid plaques (1 .58% ) and fibrous plaques (3 .15% ) were seen less .The mixed plaques were more seen on >60 years group than that on ≤60 years group for male pa‐tients (χ2 =12 .204 ,P=0 .001) ,but no other difference was found for plaque property in other different sexes or age groups .Mild stenosis of the corated artery was found in 54 .57% lesions ,moderate stenosis in 39 .75% and severe stenosis in 5 .68% ,and there were no any difference in different sexes or age groups (χ2 <2 .062 ,P>0 .151) .Conclusion CT angiography of the head and neck is of important significance for diagnosis of atherosclerosis in the intracranial carotid artery .

Objective To study the development characteristics of cavum sepit pellucidun (CSP)in prematures,neonates,infants and adults with MRI.Methods Brain MR images of different subjects including 141 prematures,106 neonates,171 infants and 35 046 adults were observed to determine the incidence and shape of CSP,and to measure its transverse diameter.Results CSP incidences were 100% (141/141)in prematures,97.17% (103/106)in neonates,2.26%(4/177)in infants and 0.82% (287/35 046)in adults respectively,and the CSP was cylinder (44.00%)or triangle in shape (56.00%)in prematures,triangle (76.40%)or fissure in shape (23.60%)in neonates.For infants or adults,each shape accounted for about a third of three kinds of shape respectively.Its mean transverse diameters were 5.7 mm in prematures,4.1 mm in neonates,13.3 mm in infants and 14.3 mm in adults respectivity.Conclusion CSP has different performances at development periods in human being brain.Most close after birth,while fewer remain in the whole life.

Objective To prepare pH-responsive osmotic nanocarriers (pMPPs),observe their distribution in the genital tract mucosa in mice,and evaluate their radiosensitizing effects in tumor cells.Methods Amphiphilic polymers containing pH-sensitive hydrazone bonds were synthesized and pMPPs were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification.At the same time,the hydrophobic polymer polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and the amphiphilic polymer PLGA-polyethylene glycol without hydrazine bond were selected,and the mucoadhesive nanoparticles(MPs) and mucus-penetrating particles (MPPs) were prepared in the same way.Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the distribution of three kinds of nanocarriers labeled with fluorescent dye Cy5.5 in the genital tract mucosa.The toxicity of nanocarriers to human cervical cancer cell line HeLa was tested by thiazolyl blue assay.The amphiphilic polymer containing pH-sensitive hydrazone bond was combined with oil-soluble gold nanoparticles to form a multi-encapsulated nanocarrier,and its radiotherapy sensitization effect in HeLa cells was evaluated by thiazole blue assay.Results The pMPPs were successfully prepared with relatively uniform particle size and good dispersion.Fluorescence microscopy showed that pMPPs not only had good mucus permeability,but also could improve the endocytosis efficiency of the nanocarriers in reproductive tract mucosa.The results of thiazolyl blue test showed that when the concentration of the carrier reached to 0.80 mg/ml,the survival rate of HeLa cells in the pMPPs group was higher than 90％ which was higher than that in the MPs and the MPPs groups,indicating that pMPPs had good biosafety.The HeLa cell survival rate of the CMNa group (0.80 mg/ml) was higher than that of the multi-package nanocarrier group under different doses of X-ray irradiation (4 Gy:82.90％ vs.61.79％;8 Gy:64.75 ％ vs.42.36％).This result indicated that compared with the CMNa,a commonly used clinical radiotherapy sensitizer,the multi-encapsulated nanocarriers can more effectively enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation therapy,thereby improving the lethality of radiation therapy on tumor cells.Conclusion This study solved the conflict between mucus permeation and endocytosis design of nanocarriers in mucosal tissue application,and provided new insight for the treatment of mucosal tissue diseases.

Objective To explore the related factors of anemia during pregnancy and provide scientific evidence for the primary prevention of anemia during pregnancy.Methods The pregnant women (≤ 12 pregnant weeks) who received the first pregnancy care in a local medical institution in Hunan province from June 2013 to November 2014 were included in this cohort study,and for them anemia had been excluded by physical examination.Baseline survey and follow up till childbirth were conducted for them.A queue-based nested case-control study (1 ∶ 2) was conducted (380 pregnant women with anemia detected in this study as case group,760 pregnant women without anemia randomly selected and matched by age,habitual residence during pregnancy as control group.And t test,x2 test and logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify related factors of anemia during pregnancy.Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that low family annual income level (net income) (OR=2.08,95％CI:1.22-3.59),low educational level (OR=2.09,95％CI:1.22-3.59),pre-pregnancy perm/hair dye (OR=2.23,95％ CI:1.63-3.05),early pregnancy vomiting (OR=2.51,95％ CI:1.56-4.03) were the risk factors for anemia during pregnancy.Intake of vitamin and trace element supplements (OR=0.69,95％ CI:0.50-0.94),frequent meat,fish,shrimp,egg intakes (OR=0.68,95％CI:0.49-0.92),frequent soy milk,milk intakes (OR=0.51,95％CI:0.27-0.95) were the protective factors for anemia during pregnancy.Conclusion A number of factors,such as family annual income level,education level,poisonous and harmful material contact,pregnancy reaction,nutrition,are related to the incidence of anemia during pregnancy,it is necessary to take preventive measures to reduce the incidence of anemia during pregnancy.

Objective     To analyse the consistency of perioperative self-reported pain scores of lung cancer patients with clinical records to provide a basis for optimal pain management. Methods    The patients with lung cancer who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital from November 2017 to January 2020 were selected. They were divided into two groups based on the source of pain data. The self-report group used a questionnaire in which patients self-reported their pain scores, and the pain scores for the clinical record group were extracted from the electronic medical record system. Kappa test was used to compare the concordance of pain scores between the two groups preoperatively, on postoperative 1-6 days and on the day of discharge. McNemar's paired χ2 test was used to compare the differences in pain intensity levels between the two groups. Binary logistic multi-factor regression was used to analyse the factors influencing the concordance of severe pain (7-10 points) between the two groups. Results     Totally 354 patients were collected, including 191 males and 163 females, with an average age of 55.64± 10.34 years. The median postoperative hospital stay was 6 days. The consistency of pain scores between the two groups was poor (Kappa=–0.035 to 0.262, P<0.05), and the distribution of pain levels at each time point was inconsistent and statistically significant (P<0.001). The percentage of inconsistent severe pain assessment ranged from 0.28% to 35.56%, with the highest percentage of inconsistent severe pain assessment on postoperative day 1 (35.56%). Single-port thoracoscopic surgical access was an influencing factor for inconsistent assessment of severe pain on postoperative day 3 (OR=2.571, P=0.005). Conclusion     Self-reported perioperative pain scores of lung cancer patients are poorly aligned with clinical records. Clinical measures are needed to improve the accuracy of patient pain data reporting by choosing the correct assessment method, increasing education, and developing effective quality control measures.