AIM:To explore the promoting action of chloroquine on the anti-proliferation effect of dexametha-sone on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells .METHODS:CCK-8 assay was used to assess the viability of the dexametha-sone-resistant human acute lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-C1 cell line treated with the combination of chloroquine and dexa-methasone .Western blotting , quantitative real-time PCR and LysoTracker Red staining were utilized to examine the mecha-nism.RESULTS:Combination of chloroquine and dexamethasone significantly inhibited the proliferation of CEM -C1 cells compared with control group (P<0.01).The combination of chloroquine and dexamethasone increased the abundance of glucocorticoid receptor and inhibited lysosomal function , while lysosomal inhibitor bafilomycin A 1 also increased glucocorti-coid signaling .CONCLUSION:Dexamethasone combined with chloroquine triggers an anti-proliferation effect on CEM-C1 cells via a lysosome-mediated pathway .

OBJECTIVE:To probe into effect of aerosol inhalation of ambroxol hydrochloride on phlegm-removing and airway obstruction in patients undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery. METHODS:62 patients undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery were treated with primary treatment. Treatment group were additionally given 30 mg ambroxol hydrochloride added into aerosol inhalation and control group were treated with 4 000 IU ?-chymotrypsin added into aerosol inhalation. Both groups were treated wreistpho innshea lraattieo nw oefr e6 ～978% L ?fomr intr-e1a tomxyengte ng-roduripv eann dae 7ro1s%ol s ftowr icceo nat rdoal yg reoaucph (timP

Objective To explore the best way for clinical screening of primary aldosteronism (PA).Methods Three hundred and three suspected cases of PA were collected and divided into groups of primary aldosteronism group, essential hypertension group, and nonsecreting cortical adrenal tumor group.The plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin concentration ratio ( ARR) was used to draw the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve and obtain the best cut-off point.Furthermore, the current screening schemes for PA were compared.Results Upright ARR yield had larger areas under the ROC curve than plasma aldosterone concentration or plasma renin concentration under all conditions of testing. The best cut-off point of upright ARR[(pg/ml)/(μIU/ml)] for the diagnosis of PA was 43.45.During the two postural stimulation tests,the two upright ARR exceeded 43.45 with the highest diagnostic sensitivity of PA reaching 0.94.During the two upright tests ARR was less than 43.45, with a sensitivity of 0.74, and a specificity of 0.94.Conclusion To screen for PA in high-risk populations, twice postural stimulation test is recommended.As long as the upright ARR is above 43.45, PA may be considered and further confirmation is needed to prevent misdiagnosis.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Polygala fallax rapidly disintegrating oral tablets and investigate its in vitro dissolution. METHODS:The rapidly disintegrating tablets was prepared by direct powder compression method. Using disintegration time as in-dex,the ratio of stuffing bulking agent mannitol to disintegrating agent microcrystalline cellulose,the amount of drug extract,the amount of lubricant magnesium stearate and other influential factors were investigated by single factor test and orthogonal test. The drug dissolution effect of prepared tablet(using senegenin as substance control)was evaluated by in vitro dissolution test(using wa-ter as dissolution medium,paddle method). RESULTS:The optimal formulation was that the amount of drug extract was 15%;the ratio of mannitol to microcrystalline cellulose was 1.5:1;the amount of magnesium stearate was 1.0%. The disintegration time of prepared tablet was(31±4)s;tablet hardness was(3.4±0.2)kg;tablet friability was(0.23±0.07)%(RSD<0.11%,n=3). Ac-cumulative dissolution rate of total saponins was more than 90% within 5 min. The dissolution parameters T50 was equal to 0.84 min and Td was equal to 1.77 min. CONCLUSIONS:Polygala fallax rapidly disintegrating oral tablets will dissolve quickly and dis-integrate rapidly in aqueous solution.

OBJECTIVE:To screen the α-glucosidase inhibitory active part from Pothos chinensis. METHODS:The aqueous extractions of P. chinensis were extracted by petroleum,ethyl acetate,n-butyl alcohol in turn to obtain different polarparts. Effect of each part on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was determined,and enzyme inhibition kinetics was conducted for the screened parts with strong activity and relatively high yield rate;effects of each part on blood glucose level of mice loaded with glucose,su-crose and starch were respectively determined (using Acacoside tablet as positive control). RESULTS:Enzyme inhibition kinetics in vitro showed the ethyl acetate part [yield rate was 0.40%,enzyme activity inhibition rate was(72.90±2.85)%] had strongα-glu-cosidase inhibitory activity and showed a dose-dependent,fast,non-competitive and reversible model. Results of in vivo glucose tol-erance indicated that Acacoside tablet and each part of P. chinensis had no effects on blood glucose level of glucose-loaded mice (P>0.05);while Acacoside tablet and ethyl acetate part in P. chinensis could reduce 30,60 min blood glucose level of su-crose-loaded mice and 30,60,120 min blood glucose level of starch-loaded mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Ethyl acetate part is theα-glucosidase inhibitory active part from Yao medicine P. chinensis.

In order to investigate the protective effect of hypoxic preconditioning on the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by using immunohistochemical staining after 3 h cerebral ischemia followed by 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h reperfusion respectively in rats treated with or without hypoxic preconditioning before cerebral ischemia. In addition,the apoptosis of neural cells and the behavioral scores for neurological functions recovery were evaluated by TUNEL staining and "crawvling method", respectively. Compared with control group (cerebral ischemia-reperfusion without hypoxic preconditioning), the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly increased, but that of Bax decreased in the hypoxic preconditioning group (cerebral ischemiareperfusion with hypoxic preconditioning), both P＜0. 05. The pre-treatment with hypoxic preconditioning could reduce the apoptosis of neural cells and promote the neurological function recovery as compared to control group. It was suggested that hypoxic preconditioning may have protective effects on the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the apoptosis of neural cells, increase the expression of Bcl-2 and decrease the expression of Bax.

It is shown that phytochemicals have a protective effect on colon cancer. Curcumin, polysaccharides (apple polysaccharides, mushroom glucans), saponins (paridis saponins, ginsenosides), resveratrol, quercetin and other plant drugs can inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis through different signaling pathways. In addition, it also has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-angiogenesis, reduce the toxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs, and reverse the drug resistance of tumor cells. Understan-ding the prevention and cure effect of plant medicine on colon cancer and its possible mechanism can provide more theoretical basis and therapeutic ideas for the clinical prevention and cure of colon cancer.