Objective To develop a method used for sex discrimination of thyroid cartilage. Method Seven conspicuous indicators were obtained through examination of the thyroid cartilages from 142 adult Chinese Han individuals. Adopting Fisher and Bayes discriminant analysis, series discriminating functions for sexing thyroid cartilage were set up. Results The discriminating power of the integral and mostly integral thyroid cartilags was 100 % , while the incomplete thyroid cartilages 90 % . Conclusion This method can be used for sex discrimination of the thyroid cartilage in adult Chinese Han population.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in affecting the immune system of the host. Methods FasL expression and the apoptosis of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were examined by immunohistochemical technique in 44 cases of RCC.FasL function was assessed by coculture assays in vitro using the renal cancer cells 786 0 or GRC 1 and the Fas sensitive Jurkat T cells. Results (1)FasL expression rate in RCC (46.5%) was higher than that in the normal kidney tissues (23.2%, P

Objective To conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of donation after cardiac death (DCD) compared with donation after brain death (DBD) liver transplantatior.Methods The MELDINE (1950-2011),EMBASE,and Cochrane Library databases were searched.All original single institution studies reporting outcomes of comparing donation after DCD and DBD liver transplantation were considered.A meta-analysis of complication incidence and patients/grafts survival after liver transplantation was conducted.Odds ratios (OR) and 95 ％ confidence intervals (CI) based on random effects models were calculated.Results Thirteen studies,all retrospective cohort studies,involving 5867 DCD and 619 DBD recipients,were included.DCD recipients had a 2.5 times increased odds of biliary complications (95 ％ CI =2.0～3.12),an 11.24 times increased odds of ischemic cholangiopathy (IC) (95 ％ CI =5.58 ～ 22.64 ),and a 2.12 times increased odds of primary nonfunction (PNF).DCD recipients also experienced lower odds of 1-year patient survival (OR =0.78,95 ％ CI=0.59～1.02),83.8 ％,87.2 ％,separately,and 1-year graft survival (OR=0.55,95％ CI=0.45～0.68),72.2 ％ and 82.4 ％,separately.Three-year patient survival was present in 81.5 ％ of DCD vs 78.9 ％ of DBD,which has no significant difference.The 3-year graft survival was lower inDCD than that in DBD (OR =0.73,95 ％ CI =0.56～0.94),69.5 ％ and 73.6％,separately.Conclusion DCD liver transplantation is associated with higher risks of biliary complications.But regarding the comparable general outcomes with DBD transplantation,DCD could be a source of liver.

Objective To observe effects of tetrandrine on β-glucan induced RAW 264 .7 cells proliferation .Methods RAW 264 .7 cells model was established .Four methyl thiazol tetrazolium(MTT) was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of tetrandrine on the proliferation of RAW264 .7 cells .The levels of interleukin(IL)-6 ,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) ,prostaglan-din E2 (PGE2 ) and IL-10 in the culture supernatant were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) .Results MTT results showed that the growth curves of different concentrations of tetrandrine on RAW264 .7 cells had biphasic affections .ELISA results suggested that tetrandrine could inhibit the IL-6 ,TNF-α,PGE2 expressions and promote IL-10 expression .Conclusion Effects of tetrandrine onβ-glucan induced RAW264 .7 cells proliferation are relative to inhibition of IL-6 ,TNF-α,PGE2 expressions and promotion of IL-10 expression .

Objective To evaluate the pulmonary protection of dexmedetomidine in combination with parecoxib in pa?tients undergoing thoracotomy with one-lung ventilation. Methods Eighty patients undergoing elective resection of esopha?geal or lung cancer, including both sex, aged 40-70 yr, ASAⅠ-Ⅲ, were randomly divided into four groups (n=20), dexme?detomidine group (D group), parecoxib group (P group), dexmedetomidine in combination with parecoxib group (DP group) and control group (C group). Dexmedetomidine 1μg/kg was infused in ten minutes and then continued infusion at the rate 0.6μg·kg-1·h-1 until the chest was closed in group D. Parecoxib 40 mg was infused 10 min before the induction of anesthesia in group P. DP group was given parecoxib 40 mg and parecoxib 40 mg 10 min before the induction of anesthesia. The equal volume of normal saline was given in group C. Blood samples were collected for determination of blood gas analysis and the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 immediately after the induction of anes?thesia (T1), 30 min (T2) and 60 min(T3) after one-lung ventilation, and at the end of the operation (T4). Oxygenation index (OI) was calculated. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with time T0, the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 (except IL-8 at the time T2 in DP group) were significantly increased, and OI was decreased in all groups at the time T2-4 (P<0.05). Compared with group C, concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 decreased and OI increased significantly at the time T2-4 in D group, P group and DP group (P<0.05). There were no obvious differences in concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and OI value between D group and P group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Combination of dexmedetomidine and parecoxib can further mitigate inflammatory response, improve lung oxygenation dur?ing one-lung ventilation, and provide pulmonary protection in patients undergoing thoracotomy.

Objective To investigate the corelation between miRNA-126-3p and pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension . Methods Totally 25 patients with congenital heart disease ,including 11 cases with pulmonary hypertension and 14 control cases , were recruited .The expression of miRNA-126-3p was detected by qRT-PCR ,and we used starBase to predict the biological informa-tion miRNA-126-3p ,and then verified it by the level of mRNA and protein .Results There was no statistical difference in age ,gen-der ,and biochemical examination(P> 0 .05) ;the expression of miRNA-126-3p in the pulmonary hypertension cases was significantly higher(P< 0 .01) ;starBase found that miRNA-126-3p may participate in binding protein ,signal transduction ,cell differentiation and regulation of cell morphology ,the regulation of MAPK and insulin receptor signaling pathways ,etc .Its target genes mainly contain VEGFA ,SPRED1 ,PIK3R2 ,etc ;the mRNA and protein level of VEGFA in PH group were statistically significantly than control group(P< 0 .01) ;the miRNA-126-3p and VEGFA showed positive correlation(P< 0 .01) .Conclusion miRNA-126-3p may partici-pate in the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension by regulating VEGFA .

Objective To explore the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of Ki-67,Arg-1,HepPar-1 and Glypican-3 in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and benign hepatocellular lesions.Methods A total of 118 cases of primary hepatocellular carcinomas,100 cases of benign hepatocellular lesions and 263 cases malignant carcinomas originated from other organs were adopted in this study.Immunohistochemistry of Ki-67,Arg-1,HepPar-1 and Gly-3 were performed and evaluated in all specimens.Results The expressions of Ki-67 were concordant with the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinomas and the difference between primary hepatocellular carcinomas and benign hepatocellular lesions were statistically significant (P ＜0.01).The combination of Arg-1 + HepPar-1 + Glypican-3 had the most sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis between primary hepatocellular and metastatic malignant cancers,while the combination of Ki-67 + Glypican-3 + Arg-1 showed the better diagnostic value in primary hepatocellular carcinomas and benign lesions.Conclusions The application of different immunohistochemical antibody spectra in primary liver cancers could efficiently improve diagnostic accuracy and reliability.

Objective To examine the availability of emergency medical services(EMS) for patients with acute stroke and to investigate influential factors affecting the preference of patients'to EMS.Methods Consecutive information of patients with acute stroke who presented to the emergency department of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from June 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 were analyzed.Gender, age of patients, transport modality, risk factors in cerebrovascular diseases, initial symptoms, stroke types, onset and admission time were included to make analysis in retrospective study.The participants were divided into two groups based on the preference of patients, namely EMS group and self-transport group.Wilcoxon rank sum test or Chi-squared test was used to statistical analysis as appropriate.A multiple binary logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between various patient-related factors with probability whether patients chose EMS or not.Results Among the 240 patients, only 29.2%of them asked for the EMS at the onset of symptoms (EMS group, n=70), and the rest patients called for other services(self-transport group, n=170).Logistic regression analysis revealed that the patients with the symptom of altered consciousness or convulsion (95%CI:0.107-0.403,OR=0.208,P<0.01) were more likely to use EMS.The time consumed from onset to visit of patients with acute stroke to emergency physician was significantly shorter in EMS group (M, 60 min vs.180 min,P<0.01).Conclusion The symptom of altered consciousness or convulsion was the independent factor to determine whether patients with acute stroke preferred EMS or not.

Objective To improve diagnosis accuracy of pineocytoma (PC) by joint analysis of CT,MRI imaging features and differential diagnosis with other lesions in pineal region.Methods Totally 6 pineocytoma patients confirmed surgically and pathologically had their clinical history,CT and MRI data collected and analyzed on lesion morphology,cystic solid changes,existence of necrosis,complications of hemorrhage and or calcification,MRI and enhanced scan of solid component,complications with hydrocephalus and etc.Results Plain scan found 1 case of solid nodule and 5 cases of cystic-solid nodules,2 cases with clearly-bordered lesions and 4 one not as well as 4 cases with significant hydrocephalus and 2 ones with light hydrocephalus.Enhanced scan showed 5 cases of moderate to marked enhancement and one case with no obvious enhancement.CT examination proved there were 1 case of calcification and 1 case of hemorrhage.Conclusion Pineocytoma has the characteristics of benign tumor,and has to be differentiated with other tumors frequently occurring in this region in case of obvious clinical signs due to crushing brain parenchyma or blocking aqueduct cerebri by oversized lesions.

nts were tend to suffer from AKI, with the most common cause of pre-renal injury and drugs such as antibiotics and contrast medium used in X-ray imaging. Outcomes of the patients with AKI depends on severity of their kidney injury.