OBJECTIVE To investigate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and clinical symptoms among hospitalized children by detection of EBV in their throat swabs. METHODS During from Oct 2004 to Apr 2006, EBV-DNA was detected from throat swabs of inpatients in pediatric ward by the technology of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Totally 3429 cases were detected, 738 cases were positive. The positive rate was 21.5%. In different age groups, the rate of EBV infection was 18.8% for ≤3 years old, 26.5% for 4-7 years old, 29.0% for 8-11 years old, and 31.7% for 12-15 years old, respectively. The rate of EBV infection increased significantly with age increasing (P

AIM: To research the effect of serum from patients with blood stasis syndrome(BSS) associated with hypertension disease on vWF、TM、EPCR excreted by ECV-304 and Tanshinone Ⅱ_A's intervention. METHODS: Cultivated human umbilical vein endothelial cells(CRL-1730) were divided into four groups,according to different serum of patients with BSS associated with hypertension disease,BSS(model) group,non-blood stasis group,health group and control group.The incubation time was 24 h.Tanshinone Ⅱ_A was of different concentrations(40、20、10、5 ?g/mL),all Tanshinone Ⅱ_A groups' cells were incubated by patients' serum and Tanshinone Ⅱ_A for 24 h.vWF,TM and EPCR were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). RESULTS: vWF,TM and EPCR secreted were higher in the model group,the non-blood stasis group and the health group than those in the control group;vWF,TM and EPCR secreted were higher in the model group,the non-blood stasis group than those in the health group;Thereinto,the difference was distinct between the model group and the health group(P

Objective: To observe the effects of high-dose aprotinin and low-dose aprotinin on the inflammatory response induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Thirty-two patients who underwent heart valve replacement were randomized in double-blind fashion into three groups: control group (n=6), low-dose group (n=13) and high-dose group (n=13). Blood samples were taken from radial artery at three times intervals: before CPB, at the end of CPB and 2 hours after termination of CPB. Neutrophil CD11b integrin expression, plasma level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. Results: The high-dose group demonstrated no significant change in neutrophil CD11b expression and in plasma level of TNF-α, but a significant decrease in plasma level of IL-6. However, the low-dose group only demonstrated a lower CD11b expression and a lower TNF-α level at 2 h after CPB termination. Conclusion: Aprotinin has a dose-reponse effect. High-dose aprotinin is more effective in the reduction of inflammatory response induced by cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective To investigate the management of prevention and control of catheter-related bloodstream in-fection (CRBSI)in intensive care units (ICUs)of tertiary hospitals in a city,and explore stategies.Methods Data about CRBSI prevention and control as well as quality management were collected and surveyed by self-developed questionnaires.Results Of ICUs in 8 hospitals,the incidence of CRBSI was 4.81 ‰,case infection rate was 5.02‰.6 (75.00%)hospitals had standard operating instruction for the prevention and control of CRBSI, 2 (25.00%)hospitals had maintenance record on central venous catheter,and 2(25.00%)hospitals implemented maximum sterile barrier and catheterization combination strategy,none hospital adopted anti-infective dressing and chlorhexidine bathing.Conclusion There are many problems in the standard operating instruction and implementa-tion of measures for the prevention and control of CRBSI in ICUs of tertiary hospitals in this city,which needs to be improved.

Objective:To optimize the preparation technology of compound sodium lactate injections for the improvement of clari-ty. Methods:The orthogonal test was adopted to screen the best preparation conditions using four influencing factors including the de-carburization temperature of the concentrated solution (A), pH value of the concentrated solution (B), decarburization time of the concentrated solution ( C) and the filling temperature of the injections ( D) with 3 levels for each, and the clarity of the injections as the index. Results:The best preparation conditions were as follows:the decarburization temperature was 60℃, pH value of the con-centrated solution was 6. 5, the decarburization time was 20minute and the filling temperature was 50℃. Conclusion: The optimal process can improve the clarity of compound sodium lactate injections.

85.0%),but they were lack of knowledge of special knowledge,41.1% of them knew AIDS diagnostic criteria,18.4% of them knew "window phase";the differences of nurse mastery of AIDS occupational prevention knowledge before and after the intervention were significant(P

AIM: To study the effects of Shenghua Decoction on the expression of adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) of blood-stasis rats. METHODS: The expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PECAM-1, iNOS and their corresponding mRNA in VECs were assayed by immunohistochemistry, image analysis and RT-PCR under the function of different Shenghua Decoction doses (high, middle, low). RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry and image analysis indicated: the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PECAM-1 and iNOS were higher in the model group than in the control group, Shenghua Decoction could decrease the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PECAM-1 and iNOS in the model group, moreover as the dose decreased, the expression of these molecules increase, it was of dose-effect relation. CONCLUSION: Shenghua Decoction can downregulate the expression of adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells of blood-stasis rats, and the dose-effect relation is obvious.

This study was undertaken to compare the effects of acute hemodilution (AH) induced separately by three solutions on blood properties and hemodynamics. Sixty-six patients, ASA grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ, aged 18 to 54 years, having open heart surgery with fentanyl-pancuronium anesthesia, were acted as subjects. During the induction of AH, blood 10-12ml?kg~(-1) was drawn from internal jugular vein in each subject, as Ringer's lactated injection (RL) at equivalent volume was infused intravenously, afterwards, all subjects were randomly allocated to being intravenously infused with RL at a dose of two times as many as the blood volume drawn (BVD) (group RL), Haemaccel 35 (R35) (group H35) or hydroxyethyl starch (Hes) (group Hes) at a dose equal to BVD, respectively. All patients were observed for 30 mins following the status of AH. The results showed that plasma colloid osmotic pressure was descended markedly in these three groups, but more significantly in group RL immediately after induction of AH, and was kept at low level in group H35 and RL and continued to decrease in group Hes during AH. The hemodynamic values of these three groups were within normal range during whole procedures. Prothrombin time and activated partial thrombin time were prolonged in each group, but within normal range. No anaphylactic reactions occured in all subjects. It is suggested that H35 can be applied more safe to acute moderate hemodilution in clinical anesthesia.

To evaluate the feasibility of delivering NO through N_2O path in anesthesia machine,NO at 800 ppm was delivered through nitrous oxide path in anesthesia machine SIEMENS Ventilator 710 or NARKOMED 2B,to ventilate a test lung. The minute volume of ventilation (MV) was set from 2 to 6L/min, and NO concentration from 10 to 80 ppm. NO and NO_2 concentrations were measured by hemiluminescence and electro-chemical fuel cell technique. SIEMENS Ventilator 710:Non-rebreathing model,its inspiratory limb was prolonged to 7 meters,the NO level was adjusted at 80ppm before passing through soda lime, NO and NO_2 samples were taken before absorber,after absorber, 1, 2,4 and 6 meter site in inspiratory limb. NARKOMED 2B:Oxygen flows were at the rates epual to the MV mentioned above, NO concentration was at 10,20,40,60 and 80 ppm,the inspiratory gas mixture was sampled immediately passing through absorber, NO_2 levels were less than 5.0ppm in all conditions listed above. With SIEMENS Ventilator 710, the highest level of NO_2 was 3.45 ppm before absorber and 2.43 ppm after absorber,with NARKOMED 2B,that was 3.6 ppm. As MV increased,NO_2 level before absorber decreased (P

0. 05), which were markedly lower in high-dose group than in low-dose group at the end of CPB and 2h after weaning from CPB (P 0. 05 ). Conclusions The high-dose aprotinin is more effective to reduce the inflammatory response to CPB than low-dose aprotinin is.