Objective To explore the status of college students’ attachment and locus of control, and explore their relationship. Methods A total of 198 college students were surveyed adopting Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory and Internality, Powerful Others and Chance Questionnaire. Results The distribution of college student′s attachment type was not balanced,the proportion of dismissing type,security type, fearful type, preoccupied type accounting for 43. 9%,31. 3%,21. 7%,3. 1% respectively. The scores of internality, chance and powerful others were (27. 59 ± 5. 44),(17. 92 ± 6. 66),(17. 70 ± 7. 32) respectively. Attachment avoidance correlated negatively with internality(r= -0. 259,P<0. 01), and positively with chance and powerful others(r=0. 206,0. 221,P<0. 01);besides there was a positive correlation between attachment anxiety and chance,powerful others(r=0. 378, 0. 410,P<0. 01). Attachment avoidance had prediction on internality(R2 =0. 067,P<0. 01). Attachment anxiety had prediction on chance and powerful others(R2 =0. 143,0. 168,P<0. 01). Conclusion College students’ at-tachment has significant effects on locus of control.

Objective To determine risk factors of environment and lifestyles involved in acute hematology departments of 29 secondary-care and tertiary-care hospitals in Shanghai. There were 206 hospitalized patients with de novo AML during June 2003 to April 2007 meeting the diagnostic criteria for AML by the World Health Organization, excluding those with definite history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and 412 age- and gender-matched controls with non-hematological other diseases from the same hospitals. All the participants were interviewed face-to-face using a standard structured questionnaire,including personal medical history, family medical history, history of medications, traditional Chinese herb medicines, exposure to occupational hazards, lifestyle factors, etc. in the past five years prior to onset of the disease. Conditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for AML. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that taking traditional Chinese herb medicine might be a protective factor for AML, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0. 39 and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0. 16-0. 98. Potential risk factors for AML included history of diabetes and taking hypoglycemic agents ( OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 0.67 -2. 87), occupational exposure to metal ( OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 0. 77 -3. 91 ), glue, paint and other coating materials, etc. ( OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 0. 93 - 3.2), raising animals (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 0. 79 -2. 24). No association of living within a distance of 100 meters from high voltage power transmission lines, home renovation and decoration in the past year, hair dyeing, smoking,alcohol drinking with AML in adults was found. Conclusions Factors mentioned above such as occupational exposure to metal, glue, paint and other coating materials potentially increase risk for AML in adults,however taking traditional Chinese herb medicine is possibly a protective factor for it.

Background and purpose:Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who have good curative effect on epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) will inevitably acquired drug resistance. It will effect the survival directly. In contrast, few studies have found that EGFR-TKI effectively acquired drug resistance in patients with clinical characteristics. We investigated clinical characteristics of NSCLC patients who experienced acquired drug resistance during geiftinib therapy. Methods:To review the treatment from the beneift of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. All of the data were obtained from Jan. 2007 to Jan. 2014 in Xinjiang tumor hospital. The treatment for failure of acquired drug resistance of clinical manifestations, time to progress (TTP) and post-progression survival (PPS) were retrospectively analyzed. Results:The total collection of 417 patients. Median TTP was 10.2 months (95%CI:9.5-10.9). The TTP of women adenocarcinoma patients who didn’t smoke signiifcantly extended. When acquired drug resistance happened, 63.3%of patients appeared worse symptoms. The progress of the disease is as follows:209 cases (58.4%) from the primary lesion, 137 cases (38.3%) before the transfer, 194 cases (54.2%) of new happened. Patients of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild type had more tendencies of symptomatic deterioration and new central nervous system (CNS) transfer than patients of EGFR mutation type. Patients of exon 19 deletion and L858R mutations on the new transfer were different (41.4%vs 6.3%, P=0.02). PPS was 8.9 months (95%CI:7.4-10.4). Smoking history, performance status (PS) score, new CNS lesions and the subsequent chemotherapy is independent factors of PPS. Conclusion:This study suggests that the clinical manifestations of acquired drug resistance according to EGFR mutation status and EGFR mutation genotype may be different. In addition, after the treatment of acquired drug resistance in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, the subsequent clinical beneift from chemotherapy are also associated with PPS.

Objective To clarify the protective effect of nrsodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA ) on endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in pancreatic β-cell of streptozotocin ( STZ )-induced diabetic rats.Methods Rats( n =40) received a single injection STZ( 50 mg/kg) intra-peritoneally and formed a β-cell injury model.Weight-matched normal rats( the control group,n =10 ) were injected with the buffer alone.STZ-treated rats with persistent random blood glucose higher than 16.7 mmol/L for 1 week were considered as diabetic status( n=14 ),then divided randomly into STZ-induced diabetes mellitus ( DM ) group ( n =7 ) and UDCA-treated DM group ( n =7 ).UDCA (40 mg· kg- 1,d-1 ) was administered daily by intragastric intubations throughout the experimental period (30 d).During the entire experiment,blood glucose in all rats was assessed.By the end of the experiment,all rats were sacrificed with the pancreas removed and the blood sample collected immediately.Fasting insulin levels were assayed by radioimmunoassay.The morphological changes of pancreatic β-cells apoptosis were determined by TUNEL assay.RNA in pancreas was abstracted and microarray containing 89 pieces of apoptosis related genes was applied.The related gene expressions were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results The concentration of blood glucose in diabetic rats was gradually decreased after UDCA treatment,but at the end of the experiment it was still higher than that in the normal control group.The treatment with UDCA raised the fasting insulin level in diabetic rats,but this concentration was significantly lower as compared to the control group.Based on TUNEL stained tissue sections,the percentage of β-cell apoptosis of UDCA-treated DM group was significantly lower than that of STZ-induced diabetic group(P＜0.05 ).Among 89 genes,42 genes up-regulated and 46 genes down-regulated in diabetic rats,some of which were ameliorated by UDCA treatment.The expressions of Caspase-3,Bax,Bip,and CHOP mRNA in pancreas of DM group were significantly up-regulated as compared with those in the control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA was markedly down-regulated (P＜0.05 ).However,these parameters in the U DCA-treated animals showed a marked improvement.Conclusion Ursodeoxycholic acid seems to protect pancreatic β-cell from apoptosis in STZ-induced diabetes by attenuating the severity of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To evaluate the effects of chronic arsenic poisoning on serum inhibin-B (INH-B) and testosterone of male rats.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats in cleanliness grad were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight:high-dose,middle-dose,low-dose arsenic exposure groups and control group,10 animals in each group.Rats in high-dose,middle-dose,and low-dose groups were administered with arsenic in concentrations of 10.0,5.0,2.5,0.0 mg/kg in distilled water,respectively.Rats in control group were fed with distilled water freely.After 9 months,serum INH-B and testosterone were tested using an ELISA Kit.Results Serum INH-B and testosterone levels in the above mentioned four groups,respectively,were (66.31 ± 37.21),(75.13 ± 29.88),(119.02 ± 36.10),(133.04 ± 38.67)ng/L and (1.292 ± 0.715),(1.757 ± 0.649),(2.359 ± 0.675),(2.817 ± 0.890)μg/L,and the differences between different groups were statistically significant (F=84.88,8.214,all P ＜ 0.05).Serum INH-B and testosterone levels in high-dose and middle-dose groups were significantly lower than that of control group(all P＜ 0.05),whereas no significant difference was found between low-dose group and control group (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Chronic arsenic poisoning has led to decreased concentration of serum INH-B and testosterone in male rats.

Objective To develop a Quick Cognitive Screening Scale for Elder(QCSS-E) and examine its reliability and validity.Methods In the light of rating model of MMSE and MoCA,a screening scale was developed to assess cognitive function,which contained 47 items across twelve domains.Five hundred community subjects were interviewed with the QCSS-E,then 150 subjects were retested after two weeks,and 75 subjects were assessed with MMSE and CCAS.The test-retest reliability,internal consistency reliability,empirical validity and constmct validity of QCSS-E were calculated.Results The test-retest reliability and Cronbach's α coefficient were 0.972 and 0.814 for QCSS-E total score,0.656-0.911 and 0.679-0.746 for domain scores.There were low to moderate correlation of 0.133-0.612 among domain scores,correlation domain scores with total score ranged from 0.303-0.664.QCSS-E scores decreased with increasing agc,increased with the level of education increasing,and decreased with the aggravation of brain damage.The QCSS-E was significantly correlated with MMSE(r=0.886) and CCAS (r=0.899).Factor analysis got two factors accounting for 49.4％ of variance,which were named vulnerability factor and resistance to damage factor.Conclusion The stability,internal consistency,and validity of the QCSS-E are good and meet with psychometric standard.

This research is to construct a basic medical sciences’experimental teaching system in order to cultivate innovative talents. It is guided by cultivating innovative practical ability and post compe-tence and implements a teaching mode with “five combinations”by integrating teaching resources, strength-ening interdisciplinary combination , integrating curriculum and organ systems , and optimizing teaching modules and experiment content. A preliminary personnel training mode and experimental teaching system have been constructed for innovative talent cultivation, and correspondently a diversified experiment exami-nation system and teaching quality monitoring system have been constructed through teaching practice, which aims at continuously improving experiment teaching quality and talent training quality.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To explore the role of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and malondialdehyde ( MDA) in chronic pancreatitis ( CP) induced by dibutyltin dichloride ( DBTC) combined with ethanol, and the mechanisms for prevention and treatment of pancreatic fibrosis by Chaihushugansan.METHODS: The KM mice were randomly divided into control group, CP group ( DBTC combined with ethanol) and Chaihushugansan group ( CP+Chaihushugansan) .Except for control group, the mice in other groups were intravenously injected in tail with DBTC (8 mg/kg) and drank 10% ethanol.The mice in Chaihushugansan group were administered intragastrically with Chaihushugansan (6 g· kg-1 · d-1 ) at the follow-ing experimenal period.Before modeling and 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after modeling, the mice were anes-thetized and sacrificed.The activity of amylase and the content of hyaluronic acid in the serum were measured.The mor-phology and the degree of fibrosis in the pancreas were observed by HE staining.The activity of SOD and the level of MDA in the pancreas homogenate were analyzed.The protein of pancreas was extracted to detect the expression of type I collagen by Western blotting.RESULTS:DBTC combined with ethanol induced CP with increased serum amylase and hyaluronic acid levels, while the serum amylase and hyaluronic acid levels in Chaihushugansan group were significantly lowered ( P<0.05).In 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks, the pancreas were obviously injured and appeared different degrees of fibrosis.The content of MDA and the expression of type I collagen in the increased significantly, but the SOD was de-creased.In Chaihushugansan group, the pathological damage and the degree of fibrosis of the pancreas were improved.The level of MDA and type I collagen expression in the pancreas were significantly reduced, but the SOD was increased.CON-CLUSION:The oxidative stress may take part in the development of CP.Inhibition of oxidative stress in the pancreas is one of the mechanisms that Chaihushugansan attenuates the development of CP.

Objective To study application of Chinese general practice assessment questionnaire (GPAQ)consultation version 2.0 in evaluating patients' satisfaction with community health-care service (CHS).Methods First,origihal GPAQ consultation version 2.0 in English was translated into Chinese language by three experts in general practice/family medicine field,then translated it back into English,finally a Chinese version of GPAQ was formed.Ten medical doctors who were on duty on 25 April,2008 at each out-patient clinic from CHS of Daxing,Nancaiyuan,Yongning and Hancunhe were selected randomly as targets for evaluation of service satisfaction.A sample of the first 30 patients(1200 in total)aged more than 16 years who visited the clinic on that day were selected to fill out the Chinese GPAQ consultation version 2.0 to express their satisfaction with the medical doctors they visited,and reliability and validity of the questionnaire was then evaluated.Results Cronbach's alpha ranged 0.734 to 0.813 for each domain of the Chinese version of GPAQ2.0.and cumulated contribution of three common factors with the eigen-value more than one reached 58.722%.Scores of patients' satisfaction withreceptionists,access,continuity,doctor's communication skills andpatient enablement were significantly lower,as compared to those of national bench-mark in the United Kingdom,with t-values of -6.397,-11.729,-6.328,-59.871 and -2.210,and all P＜0.05.respectively.Conclusions The Chinese version of GPAO 2.0 achieves good reliability and modcrate validity,and can be used as an instrument for evaluating patient's satisfaction with quality of CHS in China as further revision in the future studies.

OBJECTIVETo detect potential mutations of the spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (SACS) gene in a pedigree affected with autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS).

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the proband and her family members. All exons and flanking sequences of the SACS gene were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. Suspected mutations were verified with Sanger sequencing.

RESULTSNext generation sequencing revealed novel compound heterozygous mutations of the SACS gene, namely c.13085T to G (p.I4362R) and c.5236dupA (p.T1746fs), in the proband, which were respectively derived from her parents. The mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

CONCLUSIONThe c.5236dupA (p.T1746fs) and c.13085T to G (p.I4362R) mutations of the SACS gene probably underlie the ocular symptoms and hearing loss in the proband.