Objective To evaluate the efficacy of selective salpingography (SSG)and fallopian tube reca-nalization(FTR)in treating fallopian tubal infertility.Methods 127 patients with fallopian tubal infertility who trea-ted with SSG and FTR were analyzed.Results Among 127 patients,there were 19 patients with both salpingemphrax-is.After SSG,we found 9 cases of 11 fallopian tubes were unobstructed.After SSG and FTR,108 fallopian tubes were unobstructed,the effective rate was 80.00%.After one year following -up,41 cases (34.75%)were fertilized. Conclusion SSG and FTR were effective for patients with salpingemphraxis.The treatment was safe,effective and less harmful for patients.It is worthy for clinical application.

Double immunohistochemistry staining method was used to visualize Leu-and Met-enkephalin-immunoreactive(L-ENK-ir and M-ENK-ir) terminals on oxytocin (OT)- and vasopressin(VP)-containing cells and their processes of the rat hypothalamus. The L-ENK-ir and M-ENK-ir nerve endings were found in various density in the supraoptic nucleus(SON), the paraventricular nucleus(PVN) and each of the accessory neurosecretory cell groups of the hypothalamus. The density of the L-ENK-ir endings paralleled to, but always higher than that of the M-ENK-ir terminals in the magnocellular neurosecretory cell groups. The density of the L-ENK-ir and M-ENK-ir endings was highest in the periventricular area(PeV), the anterior commissural nucleus(ACN), the dorsal medial and dorsal lateral accessory nuclei (DMN and DLN), the anterior and posterior fornical nuclei(AFN and PFN), moderate in the SON and PVN, and lowest in the nucleus circularis (NC) and the lateral hypothalamic perivascular nuclei(LHPVN). In all the cell groups, the L-ENK-ir and M-ENK-ir terminals which were found in contact with the OT- and VP-containing cells and dendrites were consistant with the density of the endings in the same area. These results indicate that ENK-ir afferents may be in extensive contact with the OT-and VP-containing cells and dendrites in the SON, PVN and the accessory magnocellular neurosecretory cell groups of the hypothalamus. These ENK-ir afferents probably play an important role in the regulation of the secretion of OT and VP.

The monoaminergic afferents to the magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei (SON and PVN) have been studied in many aspacts. In the present paper, double immunohistochemistry staining method was used to visualize catecholaminergic, i.e. tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-ir), and serotonin- immunoreactive (5-HT-ir) terminals on oxytocin (OT)- and vasopressin (VP)- containing cells and dendrites not only in the SON and PVN, but also in most of the accessory magnocellular neurosecretory nuclei of the hypothalamus in the rat. Both the 5-HT-ir and TH-ir terminals were found in close proximity to the OT- and VP- containing cells and dendrites in various magnocellular neurosecretory cell groups, but differing in their density. There was fairly high density of the TH-ir endings in most of the accessory neurosecretory cell groups of the hypothalamus. Fairly high to moderate density of the 5-HT-ir terminals were mainly found in the accessory cell groups. It seems that the magnocellular neurosecretory cell groups are differently regulated by CA and 5-HT inputs.

PAP and ABC methods have been used to detect the Oxytocin-like (OXT-L) neurons in the hypothalamus of the rat and the results obtained were compared with the CT-HRP retrograde tracing study from the posterior pituitary to the hypothalamus by Ju et al. It was verified that the projections to the posterior pituitary came from the supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, anterior and posterior fornical nucleus, perivascular cell groups, preoptic and anterior hypothalamic areas, the dorsal accessory cell groups, and the periventricular area, especially forming subependymal plexuses along the lateral wall of the third ventricle and beneath the interventricular foramen. By combining WGA-HRP retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry methods, OXT-L neurons in all the above listed nuclei or cell groups were found to project to the posterior pituitary. The subependymal plexuses may serve as a link between the CSF in the ventricles and the posterior pituitary.

A sensitive ABC or PAP immunohistochemical technique visualized with glucose oxidase-DAB-nickel method was used to examine the distribution and characteristics of the supraependymal serotoninergic nerve fibers (5-HT-SEP) in the adult rat forebrain. Three types of fibers could be distinguished: a few thick fibers (about 0.9?m in diameter), large amount of intermediate fibers (about 0.4?m in diameter), and numerous thin fibers (about 0.1?m in diameter). Although the 5-HT-SEP were found in all areas of the forebrain ependyma, the density and distribution patterns of different fiber types varied. In addition, the correspondence between the densities of ependymal cilia and 5-HT-SEP indicates the modulation of the cilia activity by 5-HT-SEP.

Comparative investigation of the distribution of galanin-immunoreactive (GAL-ir) nerve fibers in the neural lobe of the human being, monkey, dog, cat and rat was studied immunohistochemically. The density of GAL-ir fibers in the posterior pituitary was highest in the dog and rat, moderate in the monkey and cat; and lowest in the human being. A dense accumulation of positive fibers appeared in the pituitary stalk bordoring the intermediate lobe. The fiber density in the central part of the posterior pituitary was slightly higher than at its periphery in the human and monkey. Moderate amount of fibers were found to spread all over the neural lobe of the dog and rat, with slightly higher density in the posterior part of the dog. In the cat, the highest density of GAL-ir fibers was found along the wall of the recess hypophysis. A slightly increasing fibers or fiber clumps were seen in the peripheral region of posterior pituitary in four species of the animals and human being. Some fibers were found surrounding the blood vessels or located in their walls.

Immunohistochemical method was used to investigate the morphology and distribution of the oxytocin immunoreactive (OXT-ir) neurons and their dendrites in the subependymal plexus (SEP) around the third ventricle (OXT-SEP). The OXT-ir neurons were of magnocellular neurosecretory type which often intercalated between the ependymal cells, their dendrites were generally long and straight and mostly paralleled to or traveled within the ependyma,some of them could protrude into the ventricle, and most of them appeared heavily vacuous and have a strong tendency of grouping into fascicles. The plexus was composed of dorsal and ventral parts, the former corresponding to the extent of the magnocellular paraventricular nuclei and was extensive and dense, the dendrites were well organized; the latter was more sparse. The cell bodies and dendrites within and between different parts might mix or contact with each other. The functional significance of the plexus is discussed.

Objective: To explore value of 6-minute walking in rehabilitation therapy of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: A total of 78 CHF patients were selected from department of geriatrics of our hospital. They were randomly and equally divided into 6min walking test (6MWT) group (received 6-min walking training based on routine treatment, twice/d) and routine treatment group. After six weeks, 6min walking distance (6MWD), heart rate and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared between two groups before and after treatment. Results: After six weeks, there were significant improvements in related indexes in both groups, P<0.05 all; compared with routine treatment group, there were significant increase in 6MWD [(307.6±39.3) m vs. (503.4±44.4) m] and LVEF [(45.3±17.9) % vs. (58.7±19.2) %], and significant decrease in heart rate of recovery period after 6MWT [(73.3±2.9) times/min vs. (65.7±2.1) times/min] in 6MWT group, P<0.05 all. Conclusion: Six-minute walking can significantly improve symptoms of heart failure and enhance exercise tolerance, and it possesses important value for recovery of heart function in these patients.

Leu-enkphalin-like(L-ENK-L)neurons of the hypothalamus and its adjacentarea of the rat were stained immunohistochemically.It has been found that besidesthe area previously reported in the literature L-ENK-L neurons are also present inSFO and the ependyma of the third ventricle.By combining WGA-HRP retrogradetracing and immunohistochemical method,L-ENK-L neurons in supraoptic nucleus,paraventricular nucleus,periventricular area and anterior fornical nucleus were foundto project to the posterior pituitary,in which some neurons squeeze in between theependymal cells.The subependymal neurons may serve as a link between the ven-tricle and the posterior pituitary.

Objective Systematic review of the epidemiology,risk factors,possible mechanisms and treatment of the depression among older adults with diabetes mellitus,and to provide new ideas for the early diagnosis,evaluation and treatment of the disease in the future.Methods Forty-one studies from 2000 to 2015 were identified manualy and online by using CBM,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang databases,PubMed,EMBASE and the Cochrane library.Results Among older adults with DM,depression was highly prevalent,and their clinical manifestations were not typical.The mechanisms of depression was not entirely clear and it less likely to cause the attention of patients and medical staff and it seriously affected the prognosis of diabetic patients.Early prevention and treatment were effective.Conclusion Diabetes mellitus and depression are frequently comorbid in older adult patients.Considering the negative synergistic effects on the health outcomes resulted by comorbid depression and DM.There are a lot of researches about the two disease's retrospective study,but the prospective study is less,especially the ran-domized double blind controlled study.Further study should be strengthened to improve the etiology,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the disease.