Multiple myeloma (MM) originates from malignant plasma cells, leading to multiple destructive lytic bone lesions that occur in more than 80%of MM patients. MicroRNAs have been reported to be involved in the development of bone lesions in MM. However, it is still unclear that microRNAs can be considered as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for bone lesions. MiR-214 and miR-135b may participate in the pathogenesis of bone marrow, which has shown a certain guiding significance in its prognosis. This paper will introduce the relationship between miR-214, miR-135b and myeloma bone disease.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the association of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)promoter-308A/G polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)susceptibility in East Asian population based on the meta-analysis. Methods We searched all the publications about the association between TNF-α promoter -308A/G polymorphism and RA in East Asian population from PubMed, Ebsco, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), and Wanfang (Chinese). Meta-analysis was performed for genotypes AA versus GG, GA versus GG, AA versus GG+GA,GA+AA versus GG, and A allele versus G allele in a fixed/random effect model. Results A total of 4 studies (957 cases and 1196 controls)were included in the current meta-analysis(three Chinese and one Japanese studies). When all groups were pooled, significant association of A allele and decreased RA risk was found (OR=0.36, 95%CI=0.16～0.80, P=0.01). When analyses were limited to race homogeneous population,significant association of A allele and decreased RA risk was found in Chinese population(OR=0.40, 95%CI=0.16～1.01, P=0.05). Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrates significant negative association between TNF-α promoter-308A/G polymorphism and RA in East Asian and Chinese population.

Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1 ( SIRT1 ) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD)-dependent deacetylase, which can deacetylate histone and non-histone proteins and is involved in many life proces-ses, such as energy metabolism, cell senescence and apoptosis.SIRT1 can enhance the cellular energy supply, inhibit cell apoptosis, alleviate inflammation, enhance the resistance of oxidative stress and improve the function of endothelial cells by deacetylating relevant factors in many vascular-related diseases.This article summarizes the current research progress in the function and signal pathway of SIRT1 in ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis and tumors.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of ursolic acid-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells.Methods U937 cells were exposed to ursolic acid(UA) at various concentrations for 6 h and 12 h,or at 20 ?mol/L for different time intervals.Cells were stained with Annexin V/PI,and their apoptosis was determined through flow cytometry.Total protein extracts were prepared and subjected to Western blot assay using antibodies against PARP,C-Caspase-3,C-Caspase-9,Mcl-1,Bcl-2,Bcl-xL,Bax,and Bad.Parallel studies were performed in human leukemia cell lines Jurkat and HL-60.Results Exposure of U937 cells to UA resulted in increase in apoptosis in dose and time-dependent manners.We found that UA-induced lethality was associated with Caspase activation and PARP cleavage,and that UA-induced apoptosis was proceeded by the downregulation of Mcl-1.Jurkat and HL-60 leukemia cells in parallel studies exhibited apoptosis after UA exposure similar to those observed in U937 cells,although HL-60 cells were less sensitive than U937 cells in UA-induced apoptosis,PARP degradation as well as Caspases activation.Conclusion UA induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells through a process that involves Mcl-1 downregulation,followed by Caspase activation and PARP degradation.

Objective To study the effects of serum containing Psoralea on proliferation and melanogenesis in A375 human melanoma cells by serum pharmacological method. Method A375 human melanoma cells were cultured in vitro. Different concentrations of drug-contained serum were added to the culture medium during logarithmic growth phase. Melanocyte culture was determined by MTT and NaOH method. Results There was a significant difference between the control and the drug-contained serum test group on proliferation, and there was significant increase in 20% serum drug-contained serum on melanogenesis (P

This study was aimed to explore brain regions which were closely related to the disease onset of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with liver-qi depression. The BOLD-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in the study. The processing of imaging data was based on the SPM 8 software and the REST software of the matlab platform. Each cluster was more than 389 continuous voxel. The brain region with single voxel of P < 0.05 (corrected) was defined as region with statistical significance. The 2 Sample T-Test was applied in the case group and the control group. The results showed that compared with the normal control group, the frontal lobe, occipital lobe, insula, limbic lobe, basal nuclei, and cingulate gyrus were activated in the PMS with liver-qi depression cases. It was concluded that the disease onset of PMS with liver-qi depression cases was related to brain regions such as frontal lobe, occipital lobe, insula, limbic lobe, basal nuclei, and cingulate gyrus.

AIM:To investigate the effects of P34H gene silencing on the expression of P34H and activity of hyaluronidase (HYD) in mouse sperm.METHODS:The recombinant plasmid series of P34H targeted short hairpin RNA (shRNA) were constructed by GV248 plasmids vector.These recombinant plasmids were transformed into DH 5αcompetent cells, and the plasmids were taken from DNA sequencing analysis .The HEK293T cells were co-transfected with shRNA and lentiviral packaging plasmids .The 3 kinds of recombinant lentiviruses and negative control lentiviruses were used to in -ject into the mouse epididymis and the expression of P 34H at mRNA and protein levels was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively.The location of P34H protein on the mouse spermatozoa was determined by indirect immunofluo-rescent staining using P34H antibody.The positive rate and activity intensity of HYD was detected by modified sodium hya-luronate-gelatin membrane.RESULTS:DNA sequencing analysis confirmed that the 3 P34H-shRNA sequences were suc-cessfully inserted into the lentiviral vectors .P34H expression in epididymis tissue was significantly decreased at both mR-NA and protein levels compared with those of the non-transfected and normal control vectors (P<0.05).The GV-P34H-shRNA-1 played a significant role in reducing the percentage of P 34H positive rate and the activity of HYD in mouse sperm.The silencing effect did not significantly differ between the non-transfected and normal control vectors .CONCLU-SION:Silencing of P34H significantly inhibits the percentage of P 34H positive rate and the activity of hyaluronidase in mouse sperm.

Objective To explore the apoptotic effect of benzyl isothiocyanate(BITC) on human leukemia cells and investigate its related molecular mechanism.Methods Cells(U937,Jurkat and HL60) were exposed to BITC at various concentrations(0,2,4,6 or 8 ?mol/L) for 6 h or 12 h,or at 8 ?mol/L for different time intervals.The apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry.The apoptotic-related proteins,such as Caspase-3,poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP),myeloid cell leukemia-1(Mcl-1) and so on,were determined using Western blot assay.Results BITC induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells in dose-and time-dependent manners.BITC at a dose over 4 ?mol/L began to induce an increased expression of Caspase-3 protein and decreased expression of PARP in U937 cells,and when the dose was 8 ?mol/L,the changes reached their summits respectively.The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 was decreased in U937 cell after exposure of BITC.Conclusion BITC induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells including U937,Jurkat and HL60,and downregulation of Mcl-1 may play an important role in BITC-induced apoptosis.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of different treatment in children with esophageal foreign bodies.Methods:This study collected 246 children with esophageal foreign bodies in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2020, which was divided into endoscopic group and operative group.The general and clinical data of children treated with different treatment were collected and statistical analyzed.Results:There were 222 children in endoscopic group and 24 children in operative group, respectively.The rate of surgery was 9.75%.There were no significant differences in gender and location of esophageal foreign bodies.However, the average age of operative group was(2.92±2.67) years, which significantly younger than that in endoscopic group(4.12±3.37)years( P=0.049). The residence time in operative group(median 29.10 h)was remarkable longer than that in operative group(median 11.80 h)( P<0.001). The proportion of sharpness(50.00%) and corrosive(45.83%) foreign bodies in operative group were more than those in endoscopic group[16.22% and 8.11%( P<0.001)]. Moreover, the occurrence rate of major complication in operative group was 83.33%, which was dramatically higher than that in endoscopic group(0.90%)( P<0.001). Conclusion:The younger and longer residence time of esophageal foreign bodies in children contribute to the rate of operative treatment.Additionally, the sharpness and corrosive foreign bodies increase the risk of surgery and serious complications.

Objective To evaluate the effects of chronic arsenic poisoning on serum inhibin-B (INH-B) and testosterone of male rats.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats in cleanliness grad were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight:high-dose,middle-dose,low-dose arsenic exposure groups and control group,10 animals in each group.Rats in high-dose,middle-dose,and low-dose groups were administered with arsenic in concentrations of 10.0,5.0,2.5,0.0 mg/kg in distilled water,respectively.Rats in control group were fed with distilled water freely.After 9 months,serum INH-B and testosterone were tested using an ELISA Kit.Results Serum INH-B and testosterone levels in the above mentioned four groups,respectively,were (66.31 ± 37.21),(75.13 ± 29.88),(119.02 ± 36.10),(133.04 ± 38.67)ng/L and (1.292 ± 0.715),(1.757 ± 0.649),(2.359 ± 0.675),(2.817 ± 0.890)μg/L,and the differences between different groups were statistically significant (F=84.88,8.214,all P ＜ 0.05).Serum INH-B and testosterone levels in high-dose and middle-dose groups were significantly lower than that of control group(all P＜ 0.05),whereas no significant difference was found between low-dose group and control group (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Chronic arsenic poisoning has led to decreased concentration of serum INH-B and testosterone in male rats.