Along with the mediated society,there are the problems in students'current media literacy,such as the alienation of media using,inability to distinguish'media reality'and'objective reality',lacking of media ethics and consciousness of self-discipline.Based on the analysis of these problems,in combination with the actual college education,we put forward the realization ways and the corresponding strategies to improve the students'media literacy.

ObjectiveTo determine the serum levels of cytokines associated with vascular endothelial cells before and after treatment with either transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or partial hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThere were 30 patients who received partial hepatectomy (the operation group) and 30 patients who received TACE (the TACE group).Cytokines were measured before and after treatment.ResultsThe serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,VEGF and EGF of the post-TACE patients were significantly lower than the pre-TACE patients.The serum levels of IL-10,IFNγ and TNFα of the post-TACE patients were significantly higher than the pre-TACE patients.The serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6.IL-8,VEGF and EGF in the postoperative patients were significantly lower than the post-TACE patients.The serum levels of IL-10,IFNγ and TNFα of the postoperative patients were significantly higher than the post-TACE patients.ConclusionThe results suggested that the serum levels of angiogenic factors in the postTACE patients were significantly higher than the postoperative patients.The serum levels of the inhibitors of vascular endothelial cells of the post-TACE patients were significantly lower than the postoperative patients.

Objective:To prepare GST-Orai2 fusion protein and to prepare polyclonal antibody against Orai2 by immunizing rabbits.To further investigate the function of Orai2,a transmembrane protein,this antibody was used to identify the Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice.Methods:ORF of Orai2 was amplified by PCR and subcloned into pGEX-6p-1 vector.After transforming BL21 (DE3) competent cells,we succeeded in inducing the expression of GST-Orai2 fusion protein using IPTG.Then the GST-Orai2 protein was purified by immobilized Glutathione affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE.A New England rabbit was immunized with the prepared fusion protein in Freund's adjuvant to prepare specific antibody.Finally,the prepared antibody was identified by Western blot by checking its titer and specificity.Furthermore,we took use of the prepared Orai2 antibody to identify Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice,with comparing to the wildtype ones in the same cage.Results:The purity of purified GST-Orai2 reached to 90% and the concentration was 0.35 mg/ml by BCA kit.We could detect Orai2 protein even in dilution of 1:10,000.Also,the prepared polyclonal antibody agianst Orai2 could detect both overexpressed and endogenous Orai2 protein in mouse-brain,without crossing reaction with Orai1.As well,we found that the Orai2 protein expression was of obvious reduction in Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice,compared with the wildtype ones in the same cage.Conclusion:We successfully obtain the purified GST-Orai2 fusion protein and prepare specific and highly sensitive polyclonal antibody against Orai2.The antibody can be used to detect overexpressed and endogenous Orai2 protein inmouse-brain specifically,and to identify Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice,without any crossing reaction with Orai1.Our work contributes a lot to the future investigation of functions of Orai2.

Objective To determine the serum levels of cytokine IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, IFNγ, EGF, MCP-1 and TNFα in preoperative and postoperative patients with hepatocarcinoma(HCC). Methods 30 patients with hepatocirrhosis were taken as hepatocirrho-sis group; 30 normal health examiners were taken as the normal control group. 30 patients with hepatocarcinoma were taken as HCC group; 30 patients with hepatic hemangioma were taken as the control group. Cytokines had been measured by biochips methods in evidence 180 automatic biochips analyze.Results The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF and EGF of the patient with HCC and cirrhosis were significantly higher than those in normal control group. The serum levels of IL-10, IFNγand TNFα of the patient with HCC and cirrhosis were significantly lower than those in normal control group. The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF and EGF of the preoperative patient with HCC were significantly higher than those in the postoperative patient with HCC. The serum levels of IL-10,IFNγ and TNFa of the preoperative patient with HCC were significantly lower than those in the postoperative patient with HCC. Conclusions These results suggest that the serum levels of angiogenic factors in HCC were increased. The serum levels of the inhibitors of vascular endothelial cells in HCC were decreased. The serum levels of angiogenic factors in the postoperative patient with HCC were decreased. The serum levels of inhibitors of vascular endothelial cells in the postoperative patient with HCC were increased.

BACKGROUND: Multiwaled carbon nanotubes can accelerate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, and exert a therapeutic effect on steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head (SNFH). OBJECTIVE:To investigate the function of multiwaled carbon nanotubes in the establishment of a rabbit model of SNFH. METHODS:Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were divided randomly into three groups. In treatment group, 16 rabbits were given intraglutealy injection of dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) every day and injection of 1 mL liquor of multiwaled carbon nanotubes (0.1 g/L) into the bilateral femur medulary space every week. In model group, 16 rabbits were given intraglutealy injection of dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) every day and injection of 1 mL normal saline into the bilateral femur medulary space every week. In control group, four rabbits were given intraglutealy injection of 2 mL normal saline every day and injection of 1 mL normal saline into the bilateral femur medulary space every week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Four weeks after hormone injection, the trabeculae began to exhibit a smal amount of thinner fractures, an accumulation of fatty tissue in the bone marrow were obvious, bone marrow fat cels became bigger and microvascular thrombosis appeared in the model group, while there was no positive histopathological manifestation in the treatment group. This indicates that the multiwaled carbon nanotubes can extenuate pathological damage to the femoral head to a certain extent.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the various methods of choledochoplasty in the repair of major bile duct defects in Mirizzi syndrome.MethodsThis is a retrospective study on 3 patient with Mirizzi syndrome with a large bile duct defect.These defects were repaired by using a vascular gastric pedicle patch in our department from July 2008 to November 2011.The authors searched the domestic medical literature on surgical repair for Mirizzi syndrome in the past ten years.The patients were treated by various surgical methods,and they were analyzed according to the Csendes Classification.ResultsThere were no surgical complications in our three patients.There was one patient with a Csendes type Ⅲ,while the remaining 2 patients were with Csendes type Ⅳ.At a median follow- up of 2.5 years,no patient developed signs of chronic cholangitis.In the medical literature,there were 93 patients who were with Csendes type Ⅰ ; and 58 patients were treated by cholecystectomy only,while 35 patients were treated by partial cholecystectomy plus mucosal ablation.Of the 40 patients with type Ⅱ,29 patients were treated by direct fistula repair,9 patients by pedicle gallbladder flap and 2 patients by pedicle round ligament.Of the 20 patients with type Ⅲ,9 patients were treated by pedicle gallbladder flap.1 patient by pedicle round ligament,3 patients by pedicle gastric flap and 7 patients by Rouxen- Y hepaticojejunostomy.For the 5 patients with type Ⅳ,they were treated by Roux-en- Y hepaticojejunostomy.Of these 159 patients,postoperative complications included biliary fistula (n=1 ),upper gastrointestinal bleeding (n=1),and biliary stricture (n=1).All the remaining patients were cured.ConclusionIn patients with Mirizzi Syndrome,the choice of treatment depends on the size of the fistula.For patient with a major tissue defect in the common hepatic duct,a pedicle vascular gastric flap is a good treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)chemotherapy on colon carcinoma Lovo cells.Methods Lovo ceils were exposed to 0.20 MPa HBO combined with 5-FU at different concentrations.The cell cycle was monitored with flow cytometry,and cell proliferation was detected using a methylthiazol tetrazolium test(MTT).Results ①After exposure to HBO,phase accumulation of Lovo cells was significantly higher than in the control group,and the accumulation of Lovo cells exposed to HBO after 24 h was significantly higher than at 12 and 48 hours.②There was difference between HBO(0.20 MPa,post 24 h)+ 5-FU(≤8 pM)group and 5-FU(≤8 μM,12 h)group on the inhibition of cells proliferation(P ＜0.05),and significan difference could be seen between the two groups after treatment for 48 h(P ＜ 0.01); ③There was no significant difference between HBO + 5-FU group and 5-FU group treatment with the concentration(16,32,64 μM)of 5-FU(P ＞ 0.05)for 12 h ;however,the difference could be seen after treatment for 48 h between the two groups(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The lethal effect on Lovo cells of 5-FU can be enhanced by exposure to 0.20 MPa HBO,especially with low concentrations of 5-FU.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mRNA and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA in colon adenocarcinoma cells. Methods SW480 colon cancer cells were divided into a control group and an HBO group, which was in turn divided into various subgroups according to the various HBO pressures (0.15 MPa, O. 20 MPa, 0.25 MPa) and exposure times (12, 24 and 36 h) tested. The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF mRNA was evaluated with RT-PCR after the various treatments. Results The expression of HIF-1α mRNA was lower in the SW480 cells than in the controls after exposure to 0.25 MPa HBO for 12 h. No expression of HIF-1α mRNA was detected after exposure to 0.25 MPa HBO for 24 h. The expression of VEGF mRNA was lower after exposure to 0.25 MPa HBO for 36 h than in the controls. Conclusion Absence of HIF-1α mRNA expression and decreased expression of VEGF mRNA in SW480 can be observed after exposure to 0.25 MPa HBO for 24 h, suggesting that HBO may inhibit the formation of tumor blood vessels through down-regulating the expression of these mRNAs.

BACKGROUND:A preliminary experiment developed a double-chamber stirred bioreactor which can carry out osteogenic and cartilage induction at the same time.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of double-chamber stirred bioreactor on the repair of goat knee cartilage defects with tissue-engineered cartilage.
METHODS:Twelve goats were selected to make bilateral femoral condyle osteochondral defects models and randomized to three groups:experimental group, implanted with the composites ofβ-tricalcium phosphate and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that were subjected to 2-week chondrogenic and osteogenic induction simultaneously in the double-chamber stirred bioreactor under mechanical stimulation;control group, implanted with the composites ofβ-tricalcium phosphate and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that were subjected to 2-week chondrogenic and osteogenic induction simultaneously in the double-chamber stirred bioreactor;blank control group, without treatment. After 12 and 24 weeks of implantation, general observation, Masson staining, II col agen immunohistochemical staining and histological scoring were performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the experimental and control groups, new cartilage tissue and bone tissue were visible, but the experimental group showed better repair effects than the control group (P<0.05). The blank control group had no cartilage formation. These findings indicate that under the mechanical stimulation by the double-chamber stirred bioreactor in vitro, the repair effect of tissue-engineered osteochondral complex on knee joint cartilage defects can be improved.

Objective To explore the possible protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on cognitive deficits induced by amyloid β25-35 (Aβ25-35) and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampi of rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods The animal AD model was established in 24 Sprague-Dawley rats by bilateral hippocampal injection of Aβ25-35.Twelve rats were injected with normal saline as controls,and another 12 served as normal controls.After the injection,the model rats were further divided into a model group and a treatment group.All the rats were housed with normal feeding for 2 weeks and then those in the treatment groups received a total of 2 courses of HBO treatment (10 days each with an interval of 3 days in between).The other groups were left with no treatment.After the treatment,the rats' learning and memory ability were tested using Morris' water maze test,and any neuronal changes were observed using TUNEL staining.The expression of mRNA and Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the hippocampus were detected using a RT-PCR and Western blotting.Results HBO significantly improved the learning and memory impairment and alleviated neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus compared against the control group.In addition,HBO treatment significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulated the expression of Bax.Conclusion HBO treatment can prevent learning and memory impairment induced by Aβ25-35 peptides,which might be mediated by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus.