In this study,we constructed 2 eukaryotic expressing plasmids namely pcS2?S and pFP,encoding HBV preS2+S envelope protein and human IL 2/IFN ? fusion protein, respectively. The double plasmid fusion protein was used as an adjuvant in preparation of a treatment type HBV gene vaccine. To investigate its feasibility for use as a therapeutic DNA vaccine, we've evaluated the immune response after injection into healthy mice, HBV transgenic(Tg) mice, New Zealand rabbits and Rhesus monkeys. The results showed that the therapeutic DNA vaccine can improve: (1)the CTL activity; (2)the HBsAg(30?g/ml) specific T lymphocyte proliferation in which the stimulation index(SI) and cytokines(IL 2/IFN r) release levels of the pS2.S immunized group(SI=5.6?0.9; 226.3?41.1/51.1?7.1pg/ml) were significantly higher( P

In the view of the idea that the utilization of wild plants and animals in traditional Chinese medicine is destroying the biodiversity, this article discusses the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine and the biodiversity from a new point of view. The authors consider that reasonable utilization of the wildlife in traditional Chinese herbal medicine is beneficial to the protection of wildlife under proper management and guidance. However, there is still a long way to go to balance the relationship between the wildlife protection and exploration. In view of this, some propositions are put forward, including enforcing the relative laws and rules for herbal resources protection, carrying out the research work of the background data, formulating the standard for the classification of the rare and endangered species, accelerating the investigation of the substitute resources of extinctive wildlife for medical use, enforcing the citizens' consciousness of wildlife protection and developing the industrial and artificial cultivation of traditional Chinese herbal medicinal plants and animals.

The peptides from HBV cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) epitope were used to either stimulate or impact the immune effector (E) or CTL target (T) cells respectively, in order to investigate the cellular immune response induced by DNA vaccination in both healthy and HBV transgenic (Tg) mice. It was found that HBV DNA based immunization could induce CTL activity in healthy BALB/c mice, with intensity correlated with the E/T ratio and IFN ? secretion level in its supernatants. The target cells hit by HBsAg CTL epitope peptide(pp20) could be lysed by the active CTL induced by HBV DNA vaccine encoding preS2 and HBsAg, while the cell lysis could not be observed in the target cells impacted by the HBcAg CTL epitope peptide (pp10). The supernatant IL 12 secretion level (211 3?39 8pg?ml -1 ) in the DNA vaccination group was significantly( P

Objective To estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoantibodies in adults with alopecia areata (AA), and to analyze the relationship between alopecia areata (AA) and thyroid autoimmunity in adults.Methods A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic information, medical history,and family history of AA in first-degree relatives from patients with AA.Thyroid function was evaluated, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) was screened in all the patieuts.Statistical analysis was carried out by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test.Results Totally, 209 patients with AA were enrolled.Of these patients, 6.7％ were complicated by thyroid diseases, 20.6％ were positive for TPO-Ab.Compared with the patients without TPO-Ab, those with TPO-Ab showed a significant increase in the proportion of patients with early-onset (＜ 18 years) AA (x2 =5.589, P =0.025),prevalence rate of alopecia totalis/alopecia universalis (x2 =9.990, P=0.006) and thyroid diseases (x2 =12.279, P =0.002), and incidence rate of AA in first-degree relatives (x2 =14.426, P =0.001).Conclusions The positive rate of TPO-Ab is increased in patients with AA.It is recommended to evaluate thyroid function and to screen for thyroid autoantibodies in patients with AA despite of the absence of clinical manifestations of thyroid diseases.

Objective To explore the relationship and clinical significance between the serum levels of oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and soluble P-selectin (SP-S),and carotid atherosclerosis (CA) in metabolic syndrome (MS) patients.Methods In 103 cases of MS patients and 44 healthy subjects (control group),in MS patients with 3 MS diagnostic criteria for the low risk group (51 cases),with ≥ 4 MS diagnostic criteria for high risk group (52 cases).Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque was measured by color Doppler ultrasound,serum Ox-LDL,SP-S was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,and pearson regression analysis of linear correlation and classification of two non condition Logistic was performed.Results The serum levels of Ox-LDL,SP-S,carotid artery IMT in low risk group and high risk group were higher than those in control group [(36.42 ±7.17) μg/L and (54.44± 8.10) μg/Lvs.(30.08±7.15) μg/L,(71.46± 12.52) μ g/Land (89.33±20.28) μg/Lvs.(49.95 ± 12.49) μ g/L,(0.86 ± 0.11) mm and (1.00 ± 0.10) mm vs.(0.69 ± 0.11) mm],the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of plaque in high-risk group and low-risk group was significantly higher than that in control group [55.8％ (29/52) and 45.1％ (23/51) vs.15.9％ (7/44)],the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Linear correlation analysis results of Pearson display,Ox-LDL was positively correlated with SP-S (P ＜0.01).Conclusion Serum Ox-LDL and SP-S are independent risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis in MS patients,they can evaluate progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with MS.

The protective effect of niacinamide on interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-induced annulus fibrosus (AF) type II collagen degeneration in vitro and the mechanism were investigated. Chiba's intervertebral disc (IVD) culture models in rabbits were established and 48 IVDs from 12 adult Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group, niacinamide-treated group, type II collagen degneration group (IL-1beta) and treatment group (niacinamide+IL-1beta). After culture for one week, AFs were collected for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cysteine containing aspartate specific protease-3 (Caspase-3) and type II collagen immunohistochemical examination, and type II collagen reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that rate of iNOS positive staining AF cells in the 4 groups was 17.6%, 10.9%, 73.9% and 19.3% respectively. The positive rate in treatment group was significantly lower than in the type II collagen degeneration group (P<0.01). Rate of Caspase-3 positive staining AF cells in the 4 groups was 3.4%, 4.2%, 17.6% and 10.3% respectively. The positive rate in treatment group was lower than in the type II collagen degeneration group (P<0.01). Type II collagen staining demonstrated that lamellar structure and continuity of collagen in treatment group was better reversed than in the degeneration group. RT-PCR revealed that the expression of type II collagen in treatment group was significantly stronger than that in type II collagen degeneration group (P<0.01). It was concluded that niacinamide could effectively inhibit IL-1beta stimulated increase of iNOS and Caspase-3 in AF, and alleviate IL-1beta-caused destruction and synthesis inhibition of type II collagen. Niacinamide is of potential for clinical treatment of IVD degeneration.

BACKGROUND: It has become a hot issue to treat malignant tumors with retroviral mediated cytokines. But it remains a controversy whether retroviral mediated γ-interferon(IFN-γ) is valid in killing glioma cells and prolonging the survival of tumor carriers.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of retrovital mediated γ-interferon on the growth of glioma and the survival of tumor-carrying rats.DESIGN: Completely ramdomized trial based on animals.SETTING: Neurosurgery department of a hospital affiliated to a university.MATERIALS: The trial was conducted in the Neurosurgery Institute of Harbin Medical Unicersity from July 2002 to July 2004. The subjects were 60 male Wistar rats provided by the Animal Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical Unicersity. They were randomly assigned into 3groups: C6 control group, C6/PA317neo control group and C6/PA317IFN-γ treatment group, 20 in each group.INTERVENTIONS: Retroviral vector containing murine IFN-γ gene was transferred into retroviral package cell PA317. A high titer PA317IFN-γ cell line was obtained after G418 resistance screening. In the right basal ganglion area 1 × 106 C6 cells was injected in each of the rats. The rats in C6groups received no more intervention. Those in C6/PA317neo control group received injection of 1 × 106 PA317IFN-γ cells in the right basal ganglion 4days after C6 injection. Those in C6/PA317IFN-γ treatment group received injection of 1 × 106 PA317IFN-γ cells in the right basal ganglion 4 days after selected from each group to be kill, and the brains were taken out to make frozen sections for SABC immunohistochemical staining. The CD4 and CD8 T was measured with imaging processing software under microscope.RESULTS: The mean survival time of rats in C6 and C6/PA317neo control groups was(27.10 ± 0.82) days and (26.60 ± 0.93) days respectively( P ＞ 0.05), while that in treatment group was(49.30 ± 4. 17) days and there were five rats outlived beyond 60 days( P ＜ 0.01 vs the two controls). The tumor volume in the two control groups was of no difference but the tumor volume in treatment was significantly smaller than that in control groups( P ＜ 0. 01 ) . The CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes infiltration in treatment group was more than that in control groups( P ＜ 0.01) and there was no difference between the two controls( P ＞ 0.05) . It was also revealed through immunohistochemical examination that in treatment group there was Brdu positive cells on the 7th day and they disappeared on the 16th day. But there was no Brdu positive cells in the control groups.CONCLUSION: Intratumor injection of PA317IFN-γ induces anti-tumor immunal reaction in rats. Retroviral mediated IFN-γ inhibits tumor growth and prolongs rat survival.

Objective To investigate the application of auricular cartilage in nasal plastic surgery and its clinical effects of the different tip graft and reconstructed domal graft (RDG).Methods From October 2009 to May 2015,the surgical procedure was performed on 286 patients,through the application of cymba and conchae cartilages into various tip graft and RDG in nasal tip plasty.Results A total of 286 patients were followed up post-operatively for 3 months to 5 years,245 patients (85.7％ achieved expected stability tip,the tip down to 1-2 mm after one year.Tip skin thinning was observed in 10 patients after one year,nasal tip down occurred in 89 patients;the columella skew and asymmetric nostrils occurred in 31 patients.Conclusions The ear cartilage can be made into various tip graft for rhinoplasty,with satisfactory clinical outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intramuscular parecoxib for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Methods Fifty-four ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients,aged 65-75 yr,scheduled for unilateral total knee arthroplasty,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =27 each)∶ tramadol group (group T) and parecoxib group (group P).Total intravenous anesthesia was used in both groups.Group P received intramuscular injection of parecoxib 40 mg at 12 h before operation and 12,24,36,48,60 and 72 h after operation,and group T received tramadol 100 mg at the same time points.When VAS score was more than 3 after operation,intramuscular parecoxib 50 mg was given as rescue analgesic.The ineffective analgesia at rest and during activity was recorded.The time for knee range of motion to reach 90° and cardiovascular events were recorded.The ultrasonic inspection was performed on veins of the bilateral lower extremities at 7 and 14 days after operation for detection of vein thrombosis.Results Compared with T group,the rate of ineffective analgesia at rest and during activity was significantly decreased,the time for knee range of motion to reach 90° was shortened,and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the incidences of cardiovascular events and intramuscular venous thrombosis in group P (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Parecoxib 40 mg injected intramuscularly before and after operation can significantly relieve postoperative pain,is helpful for the hip function rehabilitation and can reduce the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Objective To construct extravillous trophoblast(EVCT) tissue microarray and detect the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pStat3) in EVCT and to explore the role of Stat3 signal transduction pathway in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Methods Placentas of 80 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 58 normal pregnant women hospitalized in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 12,2007 to December 31,2010 were recruited for constructing EVCT tissue microarray.Vimentin,cytokeratin and human leukocyte antigen-G were used to verify EVCT tissue microarray immunohistochemically.The difference of pStat3 expression was detected between preeclampsia patients and normal pregnant women by immunohistochemical staining.Rank sum test,Kruskai-Wallis H test,t-test and Chisquare test were used for statistical analysis.Results Placental tissues from 57 preeclampsia patients (109 tissue cores) and 31 normal pregnant women (65 tissue cores) were suitable for constructing EVCT tissue microarray.The target tissue was positive for both cytokeratin and human leukocyte antigen-G staining and negative for vimentin,which was in accordance with the characters of EVCT tissue.Totally 86.4％(76/88) samples retained the target EVCT tissues,which meant EVCT tissue microarray was constructed successfully.The expression of pStat3 was significantly decreased in EVCT of preeclampsia patients (51.1％,24/47),the early onset (50.0％,19/38) and severe preeclampsia patients(52.3％,23/44) as compared to normal pregnant women (72.4％,21/29) (U=492.00,473.00 and 401.00,P＜0.05 respectively).Conclusions EVCT tissue microarray has been successfully constructed,and could be used to detect pStat3 expression.pStat3 signal transduction pathway may be involved in the development of preeclampsia.