Objective To study the effects of dexamethasone (DEX), recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2), and combined application of rhBMP2 and DEX on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) in vitro. Methods HDPCs were cultured by tissue block method and identified. Effects of DEX, rhBMP2, and combined application of both on ALP activity of HDPCs were determined by a modified enzyme dynamical method. Results DEX could enhance ALP activity, reaching the peak value at the concentration of 0.01 nmol/ml. rhBMP2 could enhance ALP activity in a dose-dependent manner. ALP activity was significantly higher under the condition of combined application of DEX and rhBMP2 than single application of DEX or rhBMP2 only. Conclusion Both DEX and rhBMP2 can enhance ALP activity of HDPCs. However, combined application of DEX and rhBMP2 can greatly enhance ALP activity of HDPCs.

Objective To explore the pathogenicity of Campylobacter jejuni(CJ)O∶19 strain after deletion of neuB1.Methods The mutant of CJ O∶19 by deleting neuB1,which LPS is deficient in sialic acid,was compared with the homologous wild strain by assaying their sensitivity to bactericidal activity,motility and autoagglutination of 10% normal human serum(NHS).Results The sensitivity of the mutant strain to bactericidal activity of serum was superior to that of the wild strain.The survival rate of the mutant strain was(20.6?7.4)% and(9.6?3.6)% after incubation with 10% NHS for 15 min and 60 min,that of wild strain was(36.9?5.9)% and(15.5?4.3)% respectively.The wild and mutant strains showed no significant difference in sensitivity to motility and autoagglutination of NHS.Conclusion The mutant strain possesses remarkable pathogenicity so that an inactivated vaccine from the mutant strain should be first considered.

Objective In this study we investigated the expression and protective mechanisms of Hsp22 and VEGF in brain tissue following cerebral ischemic reperfusion in gerbils and whether they are correlative. Method Forty five gerbils were randomly divided into there groups: Normal Group (n =5) ,Sham-operated Group and Ischemia-Reperfusion Group (I/R). Sham-operated Group and I/R Group were divided into four subgroups (each group has five animals) : 6 hours group, lday group, 3days group, 7days group. Histological analysis of tissue injury was carried out by staining with haematoxylin and eosin haematoxylin and eosin (HE). Result The tissues of normal group and sham-operated group was integrated, but that of I/R were changed with gliocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophia, interstitial edema, cellular edema, gliocyte and neuron edema , neuron necrosis. The data presented here provided a positive correlation between expression of Hsp22 and VEGF. Conelusions There was a positive correlation between expression of Hsp22 and VEGF after gerbils brain I/R injury.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 198 RA patients with or without IPF. Characteristics of RA-IPF in clinical and lab data were analyzed. Age, duration of disease,clinical and laboratory parameters, history of smoking and medicine were compared between the patients with and without IPF. Results: (1) Among the 198 RA patients, 15.2% (30/198) were found with IPF. 100% RA-IPF patients had HRCT findings. However, 63.3% (19/30) had positive findings in chest X-ray, and only 46. 7% ( 14/30) had the complaints of cough and short breath. Velcro rales were found in 50.0% (15/30) patients with IPF and no acropachy occurred. Only one patient suffered from hypoxemia. IPF presented after the joint symptoms in most patients. (2 ) RA-IPF patients were older than those without IPF [(65.50±9.71) vs (55.22±12.98) years, P＜0.01]; Higher positivity of anti-keratin antibodies ( AKA) were found in RA-IPF compared to patients without IPF (61. 5% vs 35.9% , P =0.014). Furthermore, the levels of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody were significantly higher in RA-IPF [(4.38±2.08) vs (3.20±2. 12) , P =0.01]. No differentiation of duration of disease, history of smoking and medicine, IgM rheumatoid factor, IgG rheumatoid factor, anti-nuclear antibody, anti-SSA antibody and levels of immunoglobins and complements were found between the two groups of RA patients with and without IPF. Conclusion: The clinical symptoms of IPF in RA patients are mild and more common in older patients. AKA and anti-CCP antibody might be important antibodies associated with RA-IPF.

Objective To summarize the clinical symptoms of patients with non-erosive reflux disease(NERD) and reflux esophagitis(RE),which is helpful to the differential diagnosis.Methods Outpatients who met the criteria of NERD or RE according to the Montreal definition in Gastroenterology Department Wuhan Union Hospital from 2010-2014 were enrolled in our study.Clinical data were comprehensively collected.Incidence of disease,severity,frequency of esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms,and the rates of overlapping with functional dyspepsia (FD) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were all studied.Results Totally 446 subjects were recruited,including 225 patients with NERD and 221patients with RE.The occurrence rates of esophageal symptoms including heartburn [76.0％ (171/225) vs 52.0％ (115/221),P ＜ 0.01] and acid regurgitation [74.7％ (168/225) vs 54.3％ (120/221),P ＜0.05] in NERD group were significantly higher than those in RE patients,with more severe and frequent (P ＜ 0.05).Despite the rates of food regurgitation were similar,NERD patients behaved more severely and frequently (P ＜ 0.05).Extraesophageal symptoms including throat burning and foreign body sensation in NERD group [40.9％ (92/225) vs 27.6％ (61/221),42.2％ (95/225) vs 31.7％ (70/221),all P ＜0.05] were also higher than those in RE group,the degree of which was more severe too (P ＜ 0.05).RE patients claimed a higher proportion of chronic cough.The incidences of overlapping with IBS in two groups were similar.But there were more patients with FD in NERD group [72.0％ (162/225) vs 62.9％ (139/221),P ＜ 0.05] than in RE group.Conclusions The menifestations and degree of esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms in patients with NERD or RE are different,as well as comorbidities such as FD and IBS.These results suggest that NERD and RE are independent diseases.

Objective To improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma by investgating it′s clinical characteristics.Methods The clinical data of 98 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma were analyzed retrospectively.Results According to the Bismuth-Corlitte grouping: typeⅠ,8 cases;typeⅡ,19 cases;type Ⅲ,17 cases;type Ⅲb,14 cases;and type Ⅳ,40 cases.Radical resection(49),palliative operation(12),endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage(16),and PTCD(5) were performed The median survival time of radical resection group was 28.6 months and the survival rate at 1,2,3,and 5 years was 74.2%,65.3%,37.5%,and 3.9% respectively,while the median survival time of palliative operation group was 17.6 months and the survival rate at 1,2,3,and 5 years was 71.7%,26.8%,8.9%,and 0% respectively.The median survival time of endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage group was 4.5 months and the survival rate at 1,2,3,and 5 years was 21%,13%,and 0% respectively.Conclusions Early diagnosis by adjunctive examinations is vital to treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Radical resection is the sole procedure to improve the outcome and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Multiple therapeutic methods should be adopted and should be individualized.

Objective To investigate the relationships among distal contractile integral (DCI), ineffective esophageal motility (IEM)and gastroesophageal reflux through high resolution manometry (HRM)in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods A total of 69 patients with GERD were enrolled.All patients received HRM and 24 hour pH and impedance monitoring examination. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between DCI,number of invalid swallowing and DeMeester score.All the patients were divided into three groups according to the number of invalid swallowing in 10 times of 5 mL liquid swallowing test.Patients with 5 to 10 invalid swallowing was in IEM group (n=21),one to four was in abnormal motility group (n=19),and zero was in normal motility group (n=29).The t test was performed for comparison of average DCI,average DCI of residual effective swallowing,DeMeester score,acid reflux time,bolus exposure time and proximal reflux times
among the three groups.Results Among the 69 patients with GERD,there was negative correlation between DCI and DeMeester score (r=-0.363,P =0.003)in 10 times of 5 mL liquid swallowing test;the number of invalid swallowing was positively correlated with DeMeester score (r=0.374,P =0.002). The mean DCI in 10 times of 5 mL liquid swallowing of normal motility group,abnormal motility group and IEM group was (1 458.96±545 .10),(986.48 ±577.50)and (288.50 ±167.25 )mmHg·s·cm, respectively,and that of IEM group was lower than normal motility group and abnormal motility group (t =-11 .42 and -2.12,both P <0.05).The average DCI of residual effective swallowing of normal motility group,abnormal motility group and IEM group was (1 458.96 ± 545 .10 ),(1 187.90 ± 669.40)and (450.78 ±350.73 )mmHg ·s ·cm,respectively,and that of IEM group was also lower than normal motility group and abnormal motility group (t = -8.05 and -5 .27,both P <0.01 ).The DeMeester score of IEM group (15 .42±8.79)was higher than that of normal motility group (6.34±3.45),and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.43,P <0.05).The acid reflux time and bolus exposure time of IEM group were (54.93 ± 37.07 )min and (0.64 ±0.49 )%,respectively,which were longer than abnormal motility group ((37.37±22.66)min,(0.52 ±0.24)%)and normal motility group ((21 .22 ± 13.98)min,(0.39 ±0.14)%),and the differences were statistically significant (t =2.36,2.17,2.60 and 2.54,all P <0.05).The total number of reflux of IEM group and abnormal motility group were 67.10± 32.94 and 57.26±38.90,which were both more than that of normal motility group (44.61 ±23.84),and the differences were statistically significant (t =2.48 and 2.17,both P <0.05 ).Conclusions DCI and the number of invalid swallowing can predict reflux condition of GERD patients in a certain degree.The contraction strength of esophageal body was the weakest and esophageal clearance was the worst in IEM group.

Objective To explore the role of team-based learning(TBL)in the teaching of pe-riodontics for undergraduates. Methods Totally 38 2008 grade undergraduates majored in stomatology were divided into six groups according to previous test scores. Individual test,group test and group re-sponder were conducted successively . Average test scores before and intra class were calculated and questionnaires survey was conducted after the course. Results There was no significant correlation be-tween average test scores intra class and basic knowledge and preview effect(r=0.028,P>0.05). Ques-tionnaire survey demonstrated that learning motivation,learning interests,knowledge mastering and com-munication ability of students were significantly improved. Conclusion TBL teaching promotes the class-room atmosphere and improves team collaboration and learning enthusiasm. Students show high accep-tance for this new teaching modes,so it can be tried in the teaching of stomatology.

Object To optimize the preparation procedure for WEI'AN GRANULES Methods The optimum conditions of WEI'AN GRANULES were selected with the active components: magnolol, polysacchride of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and berberine hydrochloride as mark by orthogonal test Results The optimum preparative procedure was as follow: Cortex Magnoliae officinalis and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus were extracted with water and precipitated with alcohol (adding 20 fold water as much as medicine, extracting three times, 0 5 h per time and precipitated with 95% alcohol to remove impurities); Rhizoma Coptidis was extracted with 95% alcohol by refluxing; Rhizoma Atracylodis Macrocephalae and other herbs were extracted with water (adding 24 fold water as much as medicine, extracting twice, 2 h per time, its granule size of Rhizorna Afracylodis Macrocephalae was 2 mm to 4 mm) Conclusion The optimum preparative procedure is reliable and the extracting ratio of active component is high

Objective To explore the changes of elasticity in the large arteries and its clinical significance of sublingual administration of nitroglycerin in patients with elevated PWV,and mild and moderate essential hypertension.Methods Totally,779 patients with mild and moderate hypertension and PWV more than 1400 cm/s were selected and divided into four groups,one with simple hypertension,the second one with only one risk factor for it,the third one with two risk factors,and the fourth one with three risk factors or damage in their target organs.Sublingual administration of 0.5 mg nitroglycerin was administered and blood pressure and PWV were measured for all of them.and data were statistically compared and analyzed by groups and before and after nitroglycerin administration.Results Systolic blood pressure decreased to(135±20)mm Hg from(149±15)mm Hg,pulse pressure decreased to(50±11)mm Hg from(59±12)mm Hg,PwV decreased to(1329±288)cm/s from(1688±378)cm/s,respectively,after nitroglycerin treatment for hypertensive patients(t=3.036,2.473,3.885,all P＜0.05).Improvement of elasticity of the large arteries in them after nitroglycerin treatment inversely correlated with the number of risk factors for hypertension they had,with 89.1 percent,74.3 percent,72.6percent and 44.0 percent of improvement in PWV,respectively for those with simple hypertension,only one risk factor.two risk factors and three risk factors or with damage in target organs.Conclusions Systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure significantly correlated with elasticity of the large arteries in hypertensive patients,and their stifiness improved after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin due to decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure.The more risk factors the hypertensive patients had,the poorer elasticity of their large arteries and less sensitive to nitroglycerin treatment were.