Alteration in gastric emptying may play a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases.And various methods to measure gastric emptying have been developed.Nine procedures for the assessment of gastric emptying were reviewed in this paper including intubation test,radiology method,absorption test,real time ultrasound,breath test,radionuclide technique et al .Among all of these methods,radionuclide technique is considered as the good standard method.

Tumor angiogenesis, resulting from the imbalance of angiogenic cytokines and angiogenesis inhibitors, is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. As a new field of cancer therapy, tumor anti-angiogenesis therapy with regard to abrogation of tumor vasculature has become an important anti-tumor strategy. Gene therapies have the potential to provide antiangiogenic mediators specifically targeted to organs containing tumors and make a great improvement in this therapy. This article reviews the current understanding of tumor angiogenesis, with a focus on gene therapy in this field.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship among serum levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods60 patients were randomized into two groups, group A (n=30) received IL-2 (1 MIU?day -1 for seven days), group B (n=30) served as control. Venous blood levels of IL-12?IL-2 and sIL-2R in all patients were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after the IL-2 administration. Results There was positive correlation between serum levels of IL-2 and IL-12, negative correlation between serum levels of IL-2 and sIL-2R and no correlation between that of IL-12 and sIL-2R. Mean serum levels of IL-12,IL-2 and sIL-2R significantly (P

Objective:To evaluate color doppler ultrasound diagnosis value of cesarean scar pregnancy.Methods: Using color doppler ultrasound probe belly and vaginal probe, faceted searches in patients with suspected scar pregnancy, observe suspicious gestational sac or clutter echo of the location, size, shape, and presence of complications, and radiography, video records, follow-up.Results: The abdominal and vaginal color to exceed cesarean scar pregnancy can make a definite diagnosis.Conclusion: Color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in cesarean scar pregnancy has a characteristic ultrasonographic performance, ultrasound can accurately make a clear diagnosis. It is the first choice for clinical diagnosis.

Objectives This study was to evaluate GABA BR (including GABA BR1 and GABA BR2) expression in human gastric cancer. Methods Thirty randomly chosen patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgical treatment were entered into the current study. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to determine the expression of GABA BR. Results Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the scores of GABA BR1 and GABA BR2 in human gastric cancer tissue increased apparently compared with the adjacent normal tissue(P

Objective To clone human canstatin gene, construct its prokaryotic expression vector, express and purify its recombinant protein. Methods The total RNA was extracted from human placenta tissues. The canstatin gene fragment was synthesized and amplified from the total RNA by RT-PCR. The resulting product was cloned into pUCm-T vector and sequenced. Then the confirmed canstatin cDNA was cloned into plasmid pET-22b(+) and then transformed into E.coli BL21 where it was induced to express proteins by isopropyl-1-thio-b-Dgalactopyranoside (IPTG). The expression of protein was analyzed through SDS-PAGE. Cells after induced 3 hours by IPTG were harvested, sonicated briefly and the proteins were purified through affinity chromatography. Results (1)The extracted total RNA was separated into three clear bands indicating 28S, 18S, and 5S after electrophoresis and the concentration was 1.8 g/L. (2)The target sequences were specifically amplified through RT-PCR. (3)The purified RT-PCR product was cloned into pUCm-T vector and then sequenced, demonstrating to be the same as that of canstatin gene in GenBank. (4) the expression vector pET-22b(+) was constructed and verified by the method of BamH Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ digestion. (5) After IPTG induction, there was a new protein band about Mr 24kD on SDS-PAGE. The percent expressed product over total bacterial proteins after 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours of induction was 18.2%, 18.8%, 23.0% and 23.4%, respectively, estimated by densitometry. (6)After affinity chromatography, SDS-PAGE showed only one clear band existed in 125 mmol/L or 250 mmol/L imidizone elution. Conclusion Human canstatin gene has been successfully cloned and its prokaryotic expression vector has also been successfully constructed. Further more, purified recombinant proteins are obtained through affinity chromatography, laying foundation for further study of its clinical application.

Objective To establish a method used for quantitative determination of bufadienolides in human liver tissues by HPLC. Methods using solid phase extraction of human liver with Oasis (HLB car-tridge coupled with reserved phase HPLC and diode array detection. Results Recoveries obtained from spiked liver for the bufadienolides were better than 70% . The linearity was studied up to 1200ng/g and the detection limits of the method was 0.4ng for cinobufotalin and bufalin, 0.5ng for cinobufagin and resibufo-genin. Conclusion This method is fast and accurate. It is useful for forensic medicine detection.

Objective To express the recombinant human canstatin protein, and to examine its biological activity. Methods Canstatin cDNA was cut off from the plasmid pUCm-T/canstatin with restriction enzymes BamHⅠ and Hind Ⅲ. The cDNA fragment was then ligated into the correspondence sites of plasmid pET-22b(+) by T4 DNA ligation enzyme and transformed into E.coli BL21 which was induced to express proteins with isopropyl-1-thio-b-dgalactopyranoside (IPTG). The expressed proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and purified through Ni-NTA column affinity chromatography. Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was performed to determine the activity of the recombinant protein. Results Canstatin cDNA from pUCm-T showed one clear objective DNA band with electrophoresis. Seven of positive colonies were selected and identified by restriction enzyme analysis with BamH Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ. Electrophoresis revealed that all selected colonies had two specific bands,one near the location of primary plamid,the other near that of objective gene fragment. After IPTG induction, there was a new protein band about 24 000 on SDS-PAGE.The induced product over total bacterial proteins in 1,2, 3. and 4 hours after induction was 18. 2%, 18. 8%, 23.0% and 23.4%, respectively, by densitometry examination. CAM assay demonstrated that the recombinant canstatin protein significantly inhibited the embryonic neovascularization in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The prokaryotic expression vector of human canstatin gene has been successfully constructed, laying the foundation for further clinical study.

Malignant transformation is closely related to gene mutations.The tumor suppressor gene p53 codes for a transcription factor,P53 protein,plays a critical regulation role in oncogene expression,DNA synthesis and repair systems,and cell apoptosis.It has been demonstrated that p53 mutation occurs in more than 50% of cancer cells,which is thought to play a crucial role in malignant transformation.p53-based gene therapeutical approaches in vitro and in vivo aiming at a direct correction of the specific molecular defect in p53-mutated malignant cells,showed notable efficacy in numerous cancer types.In this review,we discussed the current advances in this field,focusing on adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene therapy.

Objective Discuss the efficacy of pantoprazole and octreotide in treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods Selecting 220 cases patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.They were divided into two groups randomly.The observation group (115 cases) was given pantoprazole combined with octreotide.The observation group (105 cases) was given pantoprazole.The efficacy of pantoprazole and octreotide in treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage was evaluated by efficacy,perioperative index,SF-36 scores and adverse reaction during 1 month follow-up.Results The effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The bleeding time of observation group was shorter than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).The blood transfusion of observation group was less than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).The hemoglobin level and pH value observation group was higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).Before treatment,there were no statistical significance on SF-36 scores.After 1 months treatment,physiological function,physical function and pain scores of observation group was higher than that of control group(P ＜ 0.05).During 1 months follow-up,there were no statistical significance on adverse reaction between two groups.Conclusion The pantoprazole combined with octreotide had a good therapeutic effect on gastrointestinal hemorrhage.It could stop bleeding quickly,reduce blood loss and blood transfusion.It could improve the quality of life and use safely with worthy of clinical use.