The therapy to different type of breast cancer has resulted in chemoresistance which is induced by auto-phagy.Autophagy, to tumor’s generation, is a double edged sword, and it can result to chemoresistance and auto-phagic cell death through interaction with apoptosis in breast cancer chemotherapy.However, autophagy may be unrelated to chemoresistance.It will be a key research point to further explore the relationship and mechanism be-tween autophagy and chemoresistance.

AIM: To investigate the effect of intraventricular pressure change by volume overload (VOL) on expression of proto-oncogene c- fos ,c- jun ,c- myc and egr-1 . METHODS: Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of rat with VOL induced by aortacaval fistula operation and rats of control group were measured at 30 min, 1, 4, 6, 12 and 48 h after the operation,these mRNAs at the foregoing time points were measured by slot bloting method and quantified with densitometry. RESULTS: Be compared with the control group, VOL rats LVSP decreased ( P 0.05) after the operation.The proto-oncogene expression signals were not detected in the control,negative controls and VOL rats at 30 min after the operation. The c- fos, c- jun and egr-1 mRNA signals appeared earlier,at 1 h, and c- myc mRNA increased later at 4 h.All reached peak value at 4 h and then declined gradually.The c- fos mRNA were not detected at 48 h. The c- myc ,c- 0jun and egr-1 mRNA persisted throught the entire observation period from 1 h to 48 h. CONCLUSIONS: During VOL early phase the overload have effect on expression of the proto-oncogene mRNA,c- fos, c- jun and egr-1 mRNA appear earlier, c- myc later, egr -1,c- jun and c- myc persist longer period, but the expressions do not strengthen with the ventricule wall load increase.This sequential induction pattern may reflect the time course regularity of the proto-oncogenes expression induced by VOL,and indicate the proto-oncogenes expression initiate while the heart load accumulate some extent and duration and the load magnitude may not play a critical role.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.008

Objective To investigate the effects and relations of carvedilol on heart rate turbulence and secretion of sympathetic nerve in patients with myocardial infarction. Methods Sixty-six patients selected with acute myocardial infarction were randomized to enroll into experimental group ( n = 33 ) treated with earvedilol and control group( n = 33 ) treated with metoprolol for 12 months follow-up treatment. The concenrrarions of plasma norepinephrine(NE) and epinephrine (E) and 24 hour Holter monitoring were messured respectively before the treatment ,after 6 months and 12 months; and new cardiac events were supervised for all cases. Quantification of heart rate turbulenee(HRT) were carried out by computer analyzing two factors: turbulence onset(TO) and turbulence slope(TS) from the data of 24 hour Holter monitoring. NE,E,TO,TS and the occurrence rate of new cardiac events were compared between two groups and in different times of treatment. The correlation between TO,TS and NE,E was analysed. Results Before the treatment, there was no significant differences between two groups to the comparisons of NE,E,TO and TS(P＞0.05). After treating 6 and 12 months, NE, E and TO of experimental group were all lower than control group's significantly, accordingly TS were all higher(P＜0.05). By comparing 3 times( before,after 6 and 12 months of treatment), NE, E and TO of two groups dropped, meanwhile TS rose; experimental group showed significant changes( P＜0.05 ), but control group showed no significant differences(P＞0.05 ). The occurrence rate of new cardiac events of experimental group was lower than control group's significantly (P＜0.05 ).There was significant correlation between NE, E and TO, TS (P＜0.05 ). Conclusion Carvedilol treatment can block the secretion of sympathetic nerve after myocardial infarction and prevent the occurrences of new cardiac events significantly; the changes of the secretion of sympathetic nerve can play an important role for heart rate turbulence (HRT) ,the changes of HRT would be hopeful to predict new cardiac events alter myocardial infarction.

Objective Maxillary canine palatal impaction is a common deformity in stomatology and its etiology remains dis-putable.The aim of this study is to investigate the crown-root morphology of the adjacent lateral incisors in patients with palatally impacted maxillary canines using cone-beam computed tomography ( CBCT) in order to explore its etiology. Methods Using CBCT scanning, we examined 94 maxillary canines in 84 patients, including 27 palatally impacted maxillary canines in 24 patients ( the experi- mental group) , 37 buccally impacted maxillary canines in 30 age-and sex-matched subjects ( control group A) , and 30 normal maxil-lary canines in 30 age-and sex-matched subjects ( control group B) .We selected some necessary reference planes, measured the ori-entation and position of the chosen canines, and studied the morphology of the adjacent lateral incisors by CS 3D imaging, followed by statistical analysis of 17 of the linear variables obtained. Results Compared with control group A, the experimental group showed significantly shorter tooth length ([22.930 ±1.849]mm vs [21.240 ±1.651]mm, P<0.05), crown length ([9.270 ±0.559]mm vs [8.150 ±0.889] mm, P<0.05), and mesiodistal width at 4 mm to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) ([7.260 ±0.579]mm vs [5.900 ±0.581] mm, P<0.05) as well as shorter buccolingual width at the CEJ level, mesiodistal width at 4 mm to the CEJ, buc-colingual width at 4 mm apical to the CEJ, distance from the canine cusp to the coronal and occlusal planes, and coronal angulation of the canine (all P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between maxillary canine palatal impaction and age (P<0.05). Conclusion One of the main causes of maxillary canine palatal impaction is that the adjacent lateral incisor is too small to provide suf-ficient guidance to the canine.The severity of maxillary canine palatal impaction increases with the age of the patient.

Objective:To explore the effect of delphinidin on breast cancer and the underlying mechanisms.Methods:Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) positive breast cancer cells MDA-MB-453 were treated by delphinidin.Proliferation of MDA-MB-453 cells was detected by CCK-8 after 48 h.TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and Western blot were used to explore apoptotic status for MDA-MB-453 cells.Fluorescence dot assay,immunofluorescence,and Western blot were used to identify autophagy in breast cancer cells.Results:Delphinidin suppressed proliferation of MDA-MB-453 cells.Delphinidin increased the number of TUNEL positive cells.Delphinidin downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9,while upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in a dose-dependent manner.Delphinidin enhanced the number of GFP-LC3 punctate dots,LC3 immunofluorescence dots and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ and ATG5.Delphinidin inhibited the expression of proteins in mTOR signaling pathway,induding AKT,mTOR,eIF4E and p70s6k.Conclusion:Delphinidin induced apoptosis and autophagy by inhibition of AKT/mTOR pathway in HER positive breast cancer cells.

AIM: To determine the alterations of myocardial ? 1-adrenergic receptor (? 1-AR) and cardiac sympathetic norepinephrine transporter (NET) mRNA expression, which is upstream modulator of ? 1-AR, in rats with longterm volume overload (VOL).METHODS: Left ventricular systolic (LVSP) and end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of rats with VOL induced by aortacaval fistula operation and control group were measured at 3, 14,30 and 60 d after the operation, the mRNA at the time points was measured by RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis and quantified by densitometry.RESULTS: The cardiac sympathetic NET specific expression is in the cardiac sympathetic ganglia. Be compared with the control group, LVSP of VOL rats decreased most dramatically by 24%( P

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristic of committing suicide and to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and crisis intervention.Method A descriptive epidemiological method was employed to analyze the data of 153 individuals of committing suicide successfully saved by doctors of Emergency Department of Gongli Hospital,Pudong New Area,Shanghai.Results Female suicide committers were predominent over male ones,in the ratio 4.6 to 1.Most of the suicide committers were adolescents who had only received junior high school education.The major social support system of the suicide attempters was family support.The majority,of the suicide committers tried to kill themselves by drug ingestion such as hypnotice, sedatives and pesticides,and most of them haven't resorted to psychological counseling.Conclusions It is necessary to pay more attention to the psychological education of adolescents,and popularize the knowledge of psychological counseling in rural areas where are lack of psychological sense among pelple.Emergency department of general hospital which saves suicide committers is playing an important role in suicide prevention and crisis intervention.

Objective:To study the neuro-protective effects of Shenfu injection on Nrf 2 signaling pathway affected by cerebral ischemia reperfusion.Methods: A total of 68 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group , cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group,and(8 mg/kg)Shenfu injection treatment group.Shenfu injection was injected intraperitoneally in the rats after MCAO.Neurologic deficit was evaluated after 24 hours of reperfusion.All the rats were sacrificed after 24 h of ischemia-reoerfusion for biochemical analysis or Nissl staining.Results:Shenfu injection treatment significantly increased the expression of Nrf 2,HO-1 and NQO-1(P<0.05).Furthermore,Shenfu injection treatment significantly reduced the expression of cleaved -caspase-3 and attenuated neurological deficits after cerebral ischemia reperfusion ( P<0.05 ).Lastly, Shenfu injection could evidently alleviate the severity of neuronal degeneration ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion:Shenfu injection could confer neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia reperfusion through modulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the clarification and purification technology of Perillae folium extract. METHODS:The effects of 3 clarification and purification methods as chitosan flocculation clarification,ZTC 1+1-Ⅱflocculation clarification,water precipitation on retention rate of total flavonoids and removal rate of solid of Perillae folium extract were compared to screen suit-able clarification and purification technology. With the retention rate of total flavonoids and removal rate of solid as comprehensive evaluation index,single factor and orthogonal test were designed to investigate the optimal value of concentration proportion,the amount of the flocculant,flocculation temperature and whisking speed in optimal clarification and purification method. RESULTS:Among 3 methods,the chitosan flocculation clarification was the best with concentration proportion of 1∶4,chitosan of 1.0 g/L, flocculation temperature at 60 ℃,whisking speed of 100 r/min,whisking time of 4 min,standing time of 12 h. Under the condi-tion of optimal processing,the retention rate of total flavonoids was (85.1 ± 0.75)%,and the removal rate of solid was (24.6 ± 1.33)%(n=5). CONCLUSIONS:Chitosan flocculation can be used to effectively remove the impurity of Perillae folium extract, and optimized clarification and purification technology is stable and feasible.