BACKGROUND:As a material to repair osteochondral defect,the acellular cartilage matdx has attracted more and more researchers'attention,however,there is no comparison between two ways of decelluladzation.OBJECTIVE:To test trypsin and Triton X-100 methods for their potential of cell removal.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Controlled observation was performed at the Central Laboratory of Orthopaedics in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between March and July in 2008.MATERIALS:Fresh knee and hip articular cartilages of pig were purchased from the market.METHODS:Porcine articular cartilages were treated with either 0.25%trypsin or 0.25% Triton X-100 respectively for decelluladzation,while fresh untreated articular cartilage served as control.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①General observation on the morphology of acellular articular cartilage.②Immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy were used to determine the effect of two decellularization methods on the extracellular matrix collagen.③Ten articular cartilage leaflets in each group were measured for breaking strength and percentage elongation through loading,unloading and breaking tests.RESULTS:①By use of trypsin and Triton X-100 methods,the acellular matrix had no significance difference in the morphology compared with untreated cartilage,only presenting slightly white color and feeling less soft.②lmmunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy results showed that,trypsin and Triton X-100 methods achieved complete decelluladzation.Trypsin had no significant influence in extracellular matrix and cartilage leaflets microstructure;Triton X-100 caused some tiny structural alterations,such as more collagen and disordered structure.It is possibly that Triton X-100 damaged extracellular matrix.③No significant difference was identified between untreated and trypsin,Triton X-100 groups in breaking strength and percentage elongation.CONCLUSION:Trypsin and Triton X-100 all achieve complete decellularization.but trypsin uses short time and low costs with well preservation,while Triton X-100 with long procedure and slight damage to collagen structure.They all have no significance influence to the mechanics characteristics of articular cartilage.

Leptin is a kind of energy-modulation hormone expressed by fat tissue. Its receptor has a wide distributing in human body which affects much physiological systems and metabolize access. With the further researches to leptin, its function is not localized fatness and thinness. Leptin is closely associated with the function of gastric mucosa. It attends the pathophysiological course of gastric cancer and gastric -related disease.

0.05);between YMDD mutation and YMDD negative,there was statistical difference(P0.05),between YMDD mutation and YMDD negative, there was significant difference(t=12.76,P

Objective To explore the efficacy of modified uvula palatopharyngeal plasty in the treatment of obstructive sleep ap-nea syndrome(OSAHS) .Methods 145 cases of OSAHS patients were treated from June 2006 to June 2010 in our hospital ,of which 54 were treated by traditional UPPP surgery ,and the remaining 91 cases were treated by h-UPPP surgery .Compared its effi-cacy by the preoperative and postoperative polysomnography map (PSG) analysis .Results In 145 cases of patients with OSAHS , the PSG monitoring indicators of 1 year after surgery were compared with preoperative ,and there were significant difference in the apnea total time(AI) ,the breathing hypopnea index(AHI) ,the lowest oxygen saturation(SaO2 )(P<0 .05) .The subjective symp-toms in postoperative recovery process of modified UPPP ,such as dry throat ,open nasal ,nasopharyngeal reflux symptoms were sig-nificantly reduced than that of traditional UPPP surgery .Conclusion h-UPPP surgery have a good effect .

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of hepatic circadian clock gene in different types of circadian rhythm and the effect of isoflurane anesthesia on the expression of hepatic circadian clwk gene in mice.Methods Seventy-two male C57/B6 mice,aged 2 months,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =24 each):normal light/dark (LD) cycle group,reversal LD cycle group and anesthesia group.Normal LD cycle group and anesthesia groupwere maintained in a regular 12 h LD cycle with lights on at 8:00 am and off at 8:00 pm for 3 weeks,and in addition anesthesia was then performed with isoflurane in anesthesia group.Reversal LD cycle group was kept in an inverted12 h LD cycle with lights on at 8:00 pm and off at 8:00 am for 3 weeks.The natural time was converted to circadian time (CT) and the initial time was set at CT0.Isoflurane anesthesia group was exposed to 2％ isoflurane for 6 h during the wakening period from CT14 to CT20.The liver and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were removed from mice at CT2,CT8,CT14 and CT20 for determination of Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression by real-time quantitative PCR.Results Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression in the liver and SCN showed rhythm in the two different types of circadian rhythm.Compared with that in SCN,the peak phase of Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression in livers was delayed in two different types of circadian rhythm.Isoflurane anesthesia caused a peak phase delay of Cry1 and Clock mRNA expression in livers as compared with normal LD cycle group.Conclusion Circadian clock gene in livers shows rhythmic expression in different types of circadian rhythm,and isoflurane anesthesia can cause a large peak phase delay of circadian clock gene expression in livers of mice.

Objective To investigate spatial memory ability of intraperitoneal injection of resveratrol in a mice model of chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve(CCI).Methods Forty-four C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into 4 groups:sham group (n=14),CCI group (n=14),resveratrol pre-treatment group (i.p.resveratrol 100 mg/kg 30 minutes before CCI model,n=8) and resveratrol post-treatment group (i.p.resveratrol 100 mg/kg 14 days after CCI model,n =8).CCI group,resveratrol pre-treatment group and resveratrol post-treatment group were operated with the model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve.In shamoperated controls,an identical surgical procedure was performed,except that the sciatic nerve was not ligated.This was accomplished by using intellicage for mice by newbehavior to record their spatial memory after surgery.Results (l) Resveratrol pre-treatment group showed improved spatial memory ability compared with sham group and CCI group during day 17-21 (17 d:(55.80±7.66) ％,(51.20±7.94) ％ ; 18 d:(60.20±3.89) ％,(49.80±8.61) ％ ; 19 d:(62.20±7.25) ％,(51.20±6.83) ％ ;20 d:(63.00±9.69) ％,(48.40±8.84) ％ ;21 d:(56.80±7.52) ％,(47.20±4.54) ％)(P＜0.05),compared with CCI group.(2)From day 26,the spatial memory damage was observed in mice with CCI (26 d:(37.50±5.50)％,(51.80±9.01)％;27 d:(37.25±4.19)％,(51.20±5.76)％;28 d:(42.25± 3.50) ％,(52.80± 7.52) ％) (P＜ 0.05),compared with sham group.And this damage could be reversed by resveratrol,which was injected when the chronic pain was stable (26 d (46.60± 5.27) ％,27 d (54.00± 7.31) ％,28 d (52.60±4.39)％),compared with CCI group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve mice due to spatial memory impairment can be improved by resveratrol.

Objective To investigate the sensory-discriminative and affective-motivational pain response of intrathecal injection of m-AIP,a special inhibitor of CaMKII,in a rat model of chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve(CCI).Methods Eighteen SD rats were divided randomly into 3 groups(n=6):Group S(sham),Group C(control) and Group m-AIP.Group C and m-AIP were operated with the model of neumpathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve; Group S were treated as sham operated rats.Seven days after operation,Group S and C received intrathecal injection of 0.9％ NaCI 20 μl,while Group m-AIP received intrathecal injection of m-AIP 0.5 nmol/20 μl.Escape/avoidance behavior refrecting the affective-motivational dimension of pain was measured on 1.5 h after administration.Rats received pain behavior tests including paw withdrawal mechanical threshold(PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency(PWTL) before and 2 h,4 h,8 h after administration.Results Treatment with m-AIP attenuated escape/avoidance behavior and reversed pain behaviors after CCI.At 2h and 4h after administration,Group m-AIP PWTL((1 1.45 ± 2.04)s,(10.26 ± 1.48)s) and PWMT ((21.15 ±4.32)g,(20.45 ±4.09) g) were increased when compared with Group C PWTL((9.63 ± 1.65)s,(9.30 ±0.73)s),PWMT((13.87 ±2.36)g,(14.80 ±3.12)g)(P＜0.05).Before and8 h after administration,Group m-AIP PWTL,PWMT had no significant difference when compared with Group C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion CaMKⅡ may play an important role in sensory and affective pain processing in neuropathic rats.Intrathecal injection of m-AIP can effectively improve pain behaviors and attenuate negative affect.

In the process of cultivating TCM clinical postgraduates of TCM clinical college in Shanxi university of Chinese medicine,we emphasized the importance of clinical application ability and innovation ability in scientific research,stressed the clinical practice and check management,to formulate the objective,effective and quantified assessment index system in keeping with the real institution of our college,so as to improve the all-round quality of TCM clinical postgraduates.

Objective Previous study showed that interval debulking surgery (IDS) may improve the survival of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).The precise significance of IDS needs to be evaluated.Methods Totally 136 consecutive patients with stage Ⅲ c or Ⅳ EOC (including primary peritoneal carcinoma and primary fallopian tube carcinoma ) who completed primary debulking surgery (PDS) and platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled from January 2000 to December 2009 in a retrospective cohort study.The study group was divided into three groups:65 cases underwent optimal PDS (Group A ),41 cases received chemotherapy alone after suboptimal PDS (Group B ),and 30 patients underwent IDS after suboptimal PDS (Group C).All patients received six to eight courses of platinum-based combination chemotherapy (paclitaxel plus carboplatin/cisplatin,cyclophosphamide plus epirubicin and cisplatin).Patients' clinical characteristics,perioperative situation and prognosis were compared. Results Sixty-five cases (47.8％,65/136) from 136 patients achieved optimal PDS.For Group C,77％ (23/30)patients obtained optimal debulking surgery after IDS.Intraoperative injury rates were similar between Group B and Group C ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Mild perioperative complications rate was also similar ( P ＞0.05 ).Median progression-free survival (PFS) of Group A was 26 months.Median overall survival (OS) of Group B and Group C were 3l months and 40 months,respectively (P =0.254).Median PFS of Group B and Group C were 13 months and 24 months,respectively (P =0.289).Although when it came to 20 months after PDS,patients who underwent IDS had a significantly lower progressive disease (PD) rate (Group B 33％ versus Group C 61％,P =0.046 ),it still showed that there was no significant difference in either OS or PFS of these two groups.Those patients in Group C who obtained no visible residual got similar PFS (27 months) comparing to Group A (26 months,P =0.730),but OS was still shorter (P =0.010).Conclusions For advanced EOC patients,IDS has little effect on improving survival.While it is safe and acceptable,also may prolong PFS in those patients who got no visible residual after IDS.The results suggest that IDS might be used as an alternative treatment for advanced EOC patients who cannot obtain optimal PDS in certain local hospitals.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum CA19-9,CA125 and CP2 in mucinous ovarian tumors.Methods In this retrospective study,the serum CA19-9,CA125 and CP2 levels of 273 hospitalized patients with ovarian tumors of either mucinous or non-mucinous type were analyzed.Results(1)CA19-9 had the biggest area under chive(AUC)in mucinous tumors followed with CA125 while CA125 and CP2 had bigger AUC in non-mucinous tumor.(2)For the diagnosis of mucinous tumors,CA19-9 and CA125 combination showed a greatly increased sensitivity compared with CA19-9 or CA125 alone(93.8%versus 75.0%and 66.7%,P＜0.05)with no significant improvement of the specificity(P＞0.05).For the diagnosis of non-mucinous tumors,CA125 and CP2 combination showed an increased sensitivity compared with CA125 or CP2 alone(85.0%versus 80.7%,P＞0.05,85.0%versus 70.6%,P＜0.05)with no significant improvement of the specificity(P＞0.05).(3)Seventy percent of tumor marker-positive patients could undergo cytoreductive surgery.Compared with those who could not undergo cytoreductive surgery,they were more likely to have normal tumor marker two months after surgery (P＜0.05)and longer interval to re-elevation of tumor markers(P＞0.05),with lower reeurrence and death rate (P＜0.05).All of the 20 tumor marker-negative patients could have eytoreduetive surgery with only 10%recurrence.(4)CA19-9 inereased mainly in recurrent mucinous tumor,while CA125 increased dominantly in recurrent non-mueinous tumor.(5)The survival rate of CA125 and CP2 positive patients was much lower than CA125 and CP2 negative patients(P＜0.05),while the survival rate was similar between CA19-9 positive and CA19-9 negative patients.Conclusions CA19-9 is a sensitive index for diagnosis of mucinous ovarian tumors.Combination of CA19-9 with CA125 can improve the sensitivity of diagnosis and postoperative monitoring of mucinous ovarian tumors.Combination of CA125 with CP2 is more valuable in the diagnosis of non-mucinous ovarian tumors.