Conventional morphological evaluation criteria cannot objectively reflect the histopathological changes of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) to targeted therapy,and therefore it is unable to adapt to the requirements of the development of personalized medicine.The emerging of Choi and subsequent joint criteria of computed tomography diagnosis provides new methods for the evaluation of the histopathological changes of GIST to targeted therapy.Positron emission tomography (PET)-standardized uptake value (SUV) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reflect the histopathological changes of GIST to targeted therapy in the early stage through functional imaging,and provide new potential biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy.Standardized radiological examination and evaluation process are conducive to launch the personalized treatment of GIST.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of artesunate(ART) on free Ca2+ concentration([Ca2+]i) in human prostatic cancer PC-3 cells.METHODS:PC-3 cells were treated with ART and labeled using Ca2+ fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM,and the change of[Ca2+]i was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy.RESULTS:After PC-3 cells were exposed to artesunate,the intracellular [Ca2+]i concentration increased significantly at 0～0.5 h,maintained at a high level at 0.5～1 h,but decreased to the level of the initial at 4～24 h. CONCLUSION:ART can induce the marked sustained increase of[Ca2+]i and [Ca2+]i might play an important role in ART-induced apoptosis of human PC-3 cells.

Liquid chip,a new type of biochip classify encoding beads as carriers of reaction and signal detection,implement simultaneous determination protein,nucleic acid and other biomacromolecule in susp-ension liquid system.Apart from high-throughput characteristic as traditional biochip,the advantages of liquid chip are easy operation,the high-sensitivity,the high-accuracy,the high-precision and the great dynamic range and so on.It can be applied in the field of clinical laboratory diagnosis.In this review,we discuss the fundamental principle,detection,characteristics of liquid chip technique and the application in the field of clinical laboratory diagnosis.

Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease,but its etiology is unclear.Therefore,it is urgent to search antigens which is relate to induce this disease,however,there are few reports about the new self-antigens at home and abroad.In this study,we investigate new autoantigen through cloning.Methods: We used antigens in synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis as probe,extracted mRNA from synoviocyte,performed cDNA library immunological screening and sequence,and analyzed the conformation and performed Northern blotting.Results: We found that new autoantigen had 36.5% homology with retinoblastoma binding protein 1(RBP1)and it was found that these special protein structure such as AT-rich interaction domain,chromo domain,A+T-hook and TAF homology domain.Therefore,it will be named RBP1-like Protein(Rbik).Rbik RNA is not only expressed in the synovial membrane,but also in the heart,small intestine,muscle and other organs.Conclusion: We report that the discovery of the new autoantibodies to RBP1-like Protein(Rbik)may provide a new possible index and target in diagnosis and therapy.

Decoy receptor 3(DcR3),also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor 6B(TNFR6B) or TR6,is a newly discovered member of the tumor necrosis receptor superfamily,an apoptosis-prohibiting protein,which can both inhibit the apoptosis and promote the immunity escape of tumor cells.Recent researches have shown that DcR3 is expressed selectively in most human common tumors but not in normal adult tissue,and its up-regulation may predict the malignancy and prognosis of tumors.As a molecular marker of tumor,the high expression of DcR3 in the body fluid can help tumor detection and therapy monitoring.This novel biological technique can be used to inhibit the expression of the DcR3 gene and induce the apoptosis of tumor cells.

Objective To investigate the relevant characteristic findings of rectal carcinoma in CT images which are associated with N staging.Methods Fifty-nine patients (38 male, 21 female, media age 58, range from 36 to 80 years old) underwent radical resection for rectal carcinoma after preoperative CT examinations were obtained. For N staging, pN0, pN1, pN2 were considered on the basis of pathological examination of excised specimens according to AJCC N staging criterion. Images were reviewed by two radiologists blindly using CT cine on workstation, making the consensus on the size, number and distribution of lymph nodes which were displayed perirectally, along superior rectal artery or along iliac vessels. The relationships between lymph node metastases and CT findings were analyzed statistically by SAS using Kruskal-Wallis test and ? 2 test. Results Lymph nodes were depicted in all node positive cases. Diameters of the largest nodes displayed in the group of pN0, pN1, pN2 were(4.13?3.21)mm, (7.43?3.27)mm, and (10.27?3.88)mm, respectively, which showed a statistically increase with N stage developing(? 2=23.842,P

Objective To explore the method of laparoscopic splenectomy and pericardial devascularization . Methods Hand - assisted laparoscopic megalosplenic resection and portozygos disconnection (HLMRPD) was perfor medin 2 patients with portalhy pertension and hypersplenism from August 2 0 0 1to May 2 0 0 2 . Results Theoperation was completedsucces sfully in both patients.The intraoperative blood losswas 30 0ml and 35 0ml,respectively ,and the operation time ,2 35 min and 2 6 5 min ,respectively .Both patients recovered smoothly without posto perative complications . Conclusions HLMRPD is a safe ,minimally invasive and effective procedure.

BACKGROUND: Studies of umbilical cord blood stem cells transplantation for liver function failure have demonstrated that Astragalus membranaceus preparation can stimulate hemopoietic stem/progenitor cell proliferation.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Astragalus membranaceus injection on the differentiation of umbilical cord blood stem cell into hepatocyte in vitro and in vivo for the treatment of liver failure. METHODS: The third and fourth passage of human umbilical cord blood stem cells (HUCBSCs) were collected. In drug screening test, there were 4 groups: cells were separately cultured with 0, 40, 200, and 400 mg/L Astragalus membranaceus injection to screen the appropriate for cell growth. In cell differentiation test, there were 2 groups: HUCBSCs were respectively cultured with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, 10 μg/L), and HGF (10 μg/L) plus 200 mg/L Astragalus membranaceus injection. D-aminogalactose was intraperitoneally injected to establish a model of acute liver failure. Surviving model rats (48 hours) were randomly divided into six groups: model control, Astragalus membranaceus injection, rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells, combination, combination+Cytoxan, and combination+dexamethasone groups. The alpha fetoprotein mRNA and albumin mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR, and liver function indexes were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Different mass concentration of Astragalus membranaceus injection displayed varied influence on HUCBSC proliferation: 200 mg/L was the best for HUCBSC proliferation. Compared with HUCBSC cultured with HGF alone, the number of albumen-positive cells in HUCBSCs cultured with 200 mg/L Astragalus membranaceus injection and HGF was greater (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of albumen mRNA in combination, combination+Cytoxan, and combination+dexamethasone groups was greater than rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells group, while alpha fetoprotein mRNA expression was only greater than rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells group in early stage. At 7 days of treatment, the values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase and total bilirubin were significantly greater in combination, combination+Cytoxan, and combination+dexamethasone groups compared with model control, Astragalus membranaceus alone and rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells groups (P < 0.05), but no differences were observed among model control, Astragalus membranaceus alone and rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells groups (P > 0.05). Results indicate that Astragalus membranaceus injection at 200 mg/L can promote the proliferation and differentiation of HUCBSCs into hepatocyte in vitro and in vivo, ameliorate liver function and improve treatment effect of HUCBSC transplantation for liver failure.

ObjectiveTo analyze the levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9 ) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by different pathogens.MethodsThe levels of MMP 9 in CSF were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 10 patients with tuberculous meningitis in both acute phase and recovery phase,10 purulent meningitis,10 cryptococeal meningitis,10 viral encephalitis and 10 controls.The differences among the groups were compared by t test. The correlations between MMP-9 levels and the cell count,glucose, chloride, and protein in CSF were analyzed by Spearmanrank correlation.ResultsThe CSFMMP-9levelsingroupsoftuberculousmeningitis, purulentmeningitis,cryptoeoccal meningitis and viral encephalitis were (569.46±162.42),(182.79±99.06),(54.69±19.93) and (18.52±10.31) ng/mL,respectively,which were all significantly higher than that in controls (3.51± 1.53) ng/mL. There were significant differences between tuberculous meningitis group and other groups (t=2.925,3.041,3.237,3.454;P0.0340,0.0270,0.0080 and0.0001,respectively). Moreover,in tuberculous meningitis group,the MMP-9 level in acute phase was (569.46±162.42) ng/mL,which was significantly higher than that in recovry phase (294.30+89.06) ng/mL.The CSF level of MMP-9 in tuberculous meningitis group was positively correlated with CSF protein (r=0.509,P=0.044),negative correlated with CSF glucose (r=-0.451,P=0.008) and chloride (r=-0.637,P=0.007),but no correlation with CSF cell count (r=0.308,P=0.246). And there were no correlations in other groups. ConclusionsMMP-9 level in CSF increases significantly in patients with tuberculous meningitis and purulent meningitis,which can be used as a marker of CNS infection.Dynamic monitoring of thc CSF level of MMP-9 may be meaningful for the diagnosis and treatment.

Clinical teaching mode based on the theory of empowerment is a combination of the theory of em -powerment and clinical teaching activities .It emphasizes a student -centered philosophy .By empowering students in clinical teaching , the teachers can continuously stimulate the students 'initiative and thereby give full play to the students'potential.Starting from a discussion on of cases in clinical teaching , this thesis builds an effective student -leading mode of clinical teaching based on the theory of empowerment , tries to construct a clinical teaching theoretical system based on the theory of empowerment and explores strategies for practice , in order to improve clinical teaching effectiveness and promote reform in clinical teaching education .