RNA interference driven by tumor specific promoters has targeted therapeutic effect only in tumor tissue,it is a new method in tumor gene therapy,such as alpha-fetoprotein promoter,human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter,survivin promoter and etc. This method binds specificity of tumor promoter and high effects of RNAi,and can realize specific and highly killing effects in tumor tissue. RNAi driven by tumor specific promoters plays an important role in tumor oncogene targeted therapy.

Enhancers are cis-acting elements of DNA which can enhance the transcription activity of promotors.Emerge of Bioinformatics brings great convenience for enhancers investigation.The utilization of tumor-specific promotors modified by enhancers to make the expression of theoretical gene or effector in specified organisms or cells,and to implement targeted therapy of tumor,is a significant and potential gene therapy method.

Objective To investigate the cause,prevention and treatment of bile leakage. MethodsThe clinical data of 22 cases with bile leakage treated from Jan.1993 to Dec.1998 were reviewed retrospectively. Results Of the 19 cases treated with nonoperative therapy,1 patient died,3 patients were transferred to be operated later, and the other 15 cases were cured. The cure rate of nonoperation was 79%(15/19). 3 patients were cured with emergent operation at the beginning of bile leakage. Of the 3 cases who were transferred to be operated later,2 cases were finally cured by operation while the other 1 patient was not cured.The total cure rate was 91%(20/22). ConclusionBile leakage often oocurs in cholecystectomy procedure and after removal of a T tube, which is mainly related to inflammation, adhesion, abnormality of anatomy and incorrect manipulation. In order to prevent it,surgeons should pay more attention to the 3 links of prirnary procedure, including preoperative preparation,operative management and postoperative treatment. Different treatments are optional according to the degree of leakage and the condition of patients.

Due to the complicated and changeable clinical symptoms,and inexact pathogenesis,leukemia was facing huge challenges in diagnosis and therapy.Aptamer could be selected through CELL-SELEX.The aptamer not only display high affinity and specificity to target cell,but also it could discriminate the specific stage of cell,such as different classification,normal and tumor cells.So CELL-SELEX has great potention in the researches of leukemia.This paper systematically summarized the advantages of CELL-SELEX,the application in specific leukemia diagnosis,targeted therapy and the discovery of cancer biomarkers.(Chin J Lab Med,2013,36:377-379)

Recurrence after surgery for common bile duct stones has not been solved properly,and recurrence of calculi often requires reoperation,which brings patients great pain and economic burden.Various risk factors may mediate the recurrence of common bile duct stones,including biliary tract infection,bile duct stenosis,cholangiectasis,cholestasis,Oddi sphincter dysfunction,abnormal bile composition,and surgical procedure.These risk factors are analyzed and related preventive measures are summarized.Current research findings show that prevention and treatment of risk factors for recurrence of calculi can reduce the recurrence rate of calculi and play an important role in preventing the recurrence of common bile duct stones.

Objective To implement a real-time bidirectional communication function on Siemens StreamLab laboratory automation system, Methods Firstly, the system selecting sample was changed from the default settings and then the communication character string sent by the StreamLab was utilized by the laboratory information system to build up a real-time bidirectional control of the samples assay. Results New functions such as real-time signing in and real-time detection information getting of specimens could be performed by the StreamLab automatically.Conclusion The real-time bidirectional communication between laboratory automation system and laboratory information system can optimize the working flow and improve the work efficiency.

Objective To implement a remote monitor system in a core medical laboratory.Methods Firstly,the Hub of StreamLab laboratory automation system was connected to a wireless router to build a wireless network,and several equipments were also integrated into the wireless network using wireless network cards.Secondly,VNC Server was installed into the control PCs of StreamLab LAS,CA7000 Coagulation Analyzer,DPC IMMULITE 2000 SMS and its chemiluminescence photometer,and remote control function of Dimension RxL Max was activated,then some control software such as VNC Viewer,Q/Remote and PC Anywhere were setup in two agency control computers.Finally,PCAnywhere and VNC Viewer were setup in the remote control computers in the Internet and Intranet,respectively.Results A remote control system with three functions was built successfully in a core medical laboratory.Conclusion The remote control system makes the daily operation and remote maintenance of the equipments easy.

BACKGROUND:Umbilical cord blood transplantation can ameliorate hepatic and immunologic function,repair hepatic injury,and promote hepatic regeneration,however,the differentiation mechanism and biological characteristics remain poorly understood,and the long-term efficiency need to be explored.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the long-term therapeutic efficacy of infusing umbilical cord blood and blood plasma in treating chronic severe hepatitis B patients.METHODS:Totally 50 chronic severe hepatitis B patients received treatment at the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University from January 2003 to January 2004 were randomly divided into the treatment and control groups,with 25 cases in each group.All patient were accepted an ordinary synthetic treatment,and the differences between age,pathogenetic condition,medication had no significance.The umbilical cord blood was obtained from healthy full-term spontaneous delivery parturient,centrifugated,remained karyotes and cord plasma,and used within 24 hours.Patients in the treatment group were received umbilical cord blood infusion,200 mL once,1 2 times per week,totally,each patients infused 4-8 times(mean 5 times);those in the control group were infused with adult fresh blood plasma.The changes of hemogram and hepatic function were measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All the patients were followed-up for 1 year.The hemogram and hepatic function indexes were similar in the 2 groups before treatment(P ＞ 0.05).The hemogram index had no obviously difference at 1 year after treatment (P ＞ 0.05),but the alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels were decreased in the treatment compared with the control group(P ＜ 0.05),but the albumin was significantly increased(P ＜ 0.05).Compared with before treatment,the platelet level had no significant changes at 1 year after treatment,but the alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels were deeply decreased(P＜ 0.05),albumin was significantly increased(P ＜ 0.05);the platelet and albumin levels were dramatically decreased in the control group(P ＜ 0.05).It suggested that umbilical cord blood infusion can improve the hepatic function and hemogram;therefore,it can be served as supplementary therapeutic measure for severe hepatitis.

Tumor-specific promoters can induce high-efficiency and specific expression of exogenous genes in tumor cells. At present, commonly used promoters include alpha-fetoprotein promoter, carcinoembryonic antigen promoter,prostate specific antigen promoter,human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter and multidrug resistance gene promoter and etc. Dual promoters, enhancer, regulatory element and other physical or chem-ical factors could be used to reconstruct or modify promoters to increase the expression and location of exogenous genes in tumor cells. Tumor-specific promoters play an important role in cancer gene targeted therapy by cou-pling with suicide gene, anti- oncogene, antiseuse nucleic acid, apoptosis gene and RNA interference.

Objective To evaluate whether the presence of subchondral bone marrow edema (BME)in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) are associated with the different levels of knee pain among the patients suffering osteoarthritis(OA). Methods Based on rating scale of pain, 264 patients with knee OA were divided into three groups: 47 in the no pain group, 184 in the mild pain group, 33 in the moderate or severe pain group. Contingency table analyses and rank sum tests were used to compare the difference of OA stage and BME score among these groups. OA was classified by the X-ray as the Kellgren-Lawrence(K-L) scoring scale system: 52 mild(K-L Ⅱ degree), 142 middle(K-L Ⅲ degree), 70 severe(K-L Ⅳ degree); while BME was identified from MRI: 69 with grade 0(no BME), 127 with grade 1(small BME), 68 with grade 2(large BME). Results There were no statistical significance of OA stage among three pain groups(?2=5.251, P=0.263), though severe OA were more likely to occur in moderate or severe pain group as compared with the no pain and mild pain groups(42.4% vs 23.4% and 24.5%). Also in the three groups, the prevalence of each score BME was of great significant difference(?2=28.157, P