The frequency and influence on prognosis of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after acute ischemic stroke are still uncertain with mixed results in previous studies.Slight hemorrhage transformation may will not worsen stroke patients' short-and long-term prognosis,but some MRI studies suggest that HT may impede patients to get a dramatical improvement of neurological function.We aimed to determine the overall frequency of and risk factors for HT.More importantly,we discussed the mechanism,subtypes of HT and the influence of HT subtypes on prognosis.

Objective Toinvestigatetheentropyoflocalfieldpotentials(LFPs)recordedinratmedialprefrontal cortex during a Y-maze working memory (WM) task, to provide computing support for neural coding mechanism.Methods Sixteen-channel LFPs were recorded from SD rats while they performed a Y-maze WM task.The data came from 4 rats, 20 trials (10 correct trials and 10 incorrect trials) per rat provided by laboratory of neurobiology in medicine,Tianjin Medical University.Original LFPs were preprocessed to remove 50 Hz power line noise and baseline drift.Multi-taper Fourier transform was applied to calculate spatial distributions of LFPs and band pass filter were used to extract characteristic signal.The entroy coding of 16 channel LFPs was as follows: the physiological window was set to be 500 ms, the step length of physiological window was set to be 125 ms, windows were added to LFPs data, and then LFPs entropy of each sliding window was computed and averaged to get the trend of multichannel entropy values duringthe WM task.Results The power of θ band (4-12 Hz) in LFPs increased.The averaged entropy value ofmultichannel θ band LFPs in correct trials was 0.939±-0.020, which were larger than those in the resting state, 0.795±0.031 (P＜0.05).Those during wrong WM task had no significant difference, which didn't encode the WM task.Conclusions The principal frequency band related to WM is the θ band and LFPs entropy encodes the WM effectively.

Part of the patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) may develop ischemic stroke.Some of them may die because of complicating cardiovascular disease.Studies in recent years have shown that the ABCD2 score has an important value in the evaluation of the prognosis of TIA.This article summarizes the source and application of the ABCD2 score,and focuses on the roles of the score in the evaluation of the prognosis of TIA.

Hematoma growth is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of htracerebral hemorrhage.It is very common in the acute stage of intracerebral hemorrhage.There are many uncertainties about the definition,mechanisms,and influential factors of hematoma growth,and the effective therapy is lacking,therefore,early prevention and identification are critical.

Objective To analyze the endoscopic observation of gastroduodenal ulcer radioactive injury induced by pancreatic cancer radiotherapy, and to preliminary investigate the risk factors of radiation-induced ulcer after radiotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods A total of 112 patients with pancreatic cancer who accepted gastroscopy before and after radiotherapy at Air Force General Hospital were collected. Self-comparative study of gastroscopic findings was performed on these patients. Single factor analysis and the logistic regression analysis model were used to analyze whether the clinical factors were likely to affect the radiation-induced ulcer or not. Results The total incidence of radiation-induced ulcer was 42.0 % (47/112) in 112 patients. The history of ulcer and grade 2 or more acute gastrointestinal symptoms (P= 0.036, P= 0.030) were the independent risk factors of radiation-induced ulcer. The rest clinical factors had no influence on the radiation-induced ulcer (all P>0.05). Conclusion In the radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer, patients who has the history of ulcer or grade 2 or more acute gastrointestinal symptoms should be alert to the occurrence of radiation-induced ulcer.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and patterns of radiation induced gastroduodenal complications in patients with pancreatic cancer following tomotherapy (TOMO) using endoscopy.Methods Patients with pancreatic cancer who were treated TOMO in Air Force General Hospital from February 2010 to May 2015 were collected.All patients underwent endoscopic examination before and after radiotherapy.The radiation injuries were observed,and factors influencing radiation-induced gastroduodenal complications were analyzed.Results The median time of gastroscopy after radiotherapy was 1 month,radiation gastritis and duodenitis were 41 cases (58.6％),radiation gastric and duodenal ulcers were 30 cases (42.9％),and hemorrhage 7 cases (10.0％),scar formation 3 cases (4.3％),6 cases (8.6％) had newly developed gastric retention,and 4 cases (5.7％) had newly developed gastric varix.Univariate analysis showed that relieving jaundice and radiation protection (amifostine) were associated with the development of radiation gastric ulcers (x2 =4.186,P =0.041;x2 =5.679,P =0.017).Conmon terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) ≥2 was associated with the development of radiation duodenal ulcers (x2 =3.960,P =0.047).Mean dose (Dmean) ＞ 13.39 Gy and Dmean ≤13.39 Gy gastric ulcers rates were 25.0％ and 9.1％,respectively (AUC =0.740,P =0.048).Conclusion The TOMO induced gastroduodenal injury in patients with pancreatic cancer is frequent.Relieving jaundice is the protection of radiation gastric ulcer.Dmean ＞ 13.39 Gy is independent predictive factors for radiation gastric ulcers.Patients after TOMO should be examined by endoscopy early.

Objective To analyze the correlation between anterior circulation artery stenosis and lacune or lacunar infarct(LI) in elderly patients.Methods A retrospective analysis of data was performed in 111 patients with intracranial artery atherosclerosis,ischemic cerebral infarction or transient ischemic attack from January to December 2016 in our hospital.All the patients underwent non-contrast brain MRI or CT scan,as well as one-stop dynamic whole brain 4D CT angiography and CT perfusion scan(CTA-CTP/ perfusion).Imaging data were retrospectively analyzed.Intracranial 4D CTA was produced by using MIP and CPR post processing.The correlation of intracranial internal carotid artery(ICA)and middle cerebral artery (MCA)stenosis with lacunar infarct or lacune was analyzed by chi-square test using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 software.Results The average age of 111 patients was(68.4± 6.8)years.A total of 19 phases with 6080 images were obtained by one-stop scanning.The optimal phase of artery visualization was selected from 19 phases for evaluating artery stenosis.Intracranial ICA and/or MCA stenosis were revealed in 94 patients,including 73(65.8％)patients with LI or lacune and 21 patients(18.9％)without LI or lacune.17 patients without intracranial ICA or anterior circulation of MCA stenosis included 7 patients(6.3 ％)with LI or lacune and 10 patients(9.0％)without LI or lacune.Anterior circulation vessels stenosis was positively correlated with lacunar infarction or lacune(x2 =7.794,P=0.005).94 patients with anterior circulation vessels stenosis were further divided into 2 subgroups:unilateral and bilateral stenosis.39 cases showed unilateral vessels stenosis,including 25 cases (26.6 ％) with LI or lacunein,and 14 cases (14.9 ％) without LI or lacunein.And 55 cases showed bilateral vessel stenosis,including 48 cases (51.1％)with LI or lacune,and 7 case (7.4 ％) without LI or lacune.The risk for LI or lacunein was statistically higher in bilateral vessel stenosis than in unilateral vessel stenosis(x2 =7.061,P=0.008).Patients with anterior circulation vessels stenosis combined with LI or lacune were 73 cases,including 31 cases of grade Ⅰ,19 cases of grade Ⅱ,14 cases of grade Ⅲ,and 9 cases of grade Ⅳaccording to Trial criteria(NASCET)classification,with no significant difference between the different grades of anterior circulation vessels stenosis.Conclusions A correlation between ICA or MCA stenosis and lacunar infarction or lacune may exist.Risk for lacunar infarction or lacune is higher in patients with bilateral artery stenosis than in patients with unilateral artery stenosis.

Objective To describe the endoscopic observation of pancreatic cancer radiotherapy induced gastro-duodenal radioactive injury, and investigate the influence of radiation-induced ulceration by concurrent chemoradio-therapy with S-1 (Tegafur Gimeracil Oteracil Potassium Capsule) and gemcitabine. Methods Self-comparative study of endoscopic performance were performed on patients received endoscopy before and after pancreatic cancer Chemoradiotherapy with S-1 or gemcitabine or radiotherapy only, from February 2010 to May 2015. Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze whether Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy groups and radiotherapy group are different in radiation-induced ulceration occurrence rate. Results The incidence of radiation-induced ulceration of radiother-apy group, S-1 group and gemcitabine group are 44.1 % (26/59), 50.0 % (10/20) and 46.7 % (7/15), respectively. Radiation-induced ulceration incidence was no statistical difference among the three groups. Conclusion From the angle of safety, patients can according to their self-condition for choosing S-1 or gemcitabine chemotherapy. Wether the concurrent chemoradiotherapy treatment was adopted or not, the occurrence rate of radiation-induced ulceration has no significant difference.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and investigate the factors of specific immunotherapy (SIT) efficacy of allergic rhinitis. METHOD: Fifty-seven patients with allergic rhinitis to dermatophagoides pteronysinus were included to receive SIT. Pair t-test was used to compare the symptom scores, visual analogue scores (VAS) and medication scores in patients before SIT and into maintain treatment statement to evaluate the clinical efficacy. T-test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlation between gender, age,reaction condition of skin prick test (SPT) and serum sIgE and the efficacy of SIT. RESULT: SIT was able to significantly reduce the symptom scores, VAS and medication scores. But the correlation between gender, age, SPT, and sIgE and theefficacy of SIT were not significant. CONCLUSION SIT is effective in the short-term treatment of AR. Further research is needed to investigate the factors that impact the efficacy of SIT.
Animals ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Immunotherapy ; Pyroglyphidae ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Skin Tests

Objective To explore the polymorphism of HLA class I alleles of HIV-infected former plasma donors and to investigate its impact on HIV-1 viral load in central China.Methods 106 subjects chronically infected with HIV-1 were recruited and HLA class I alleles were genotyped with PCR-SSP assay.HLA class I genotypes and haplotypes were determined and their association with plasma viral loads were analyzed.Gag-specific CTL responses were detected by an IFN-λ EUSPOT assay by using overlapping peptides,and their association with plasma viral loads were also analyzed.Results Subjects homozygous at HLA class I locus had higher plasma viral loads(P=0.0098);HLA-A*30,-B*13,-Cw*06,-Cw*14 alleles and HLA-A*30/B*13/Cw*06 haplotype were associated with lower plasma viral loads(P=0.0004,0.0103,0.0058,0.0371 and 0.0006);an inverse correlation between p2p7p1p6-specific CTL responses and viral loads in subjects with HLA-A*30/B*13/Cw*06 haplotype as well as an inverse correlation between p17-specific CTL responses and viral loads in subjects with HLA-Cw*14 allele were observed.Conclusion HLA-A*30,-B*13,-Cw*06,-Cw*14 alleles and HLA-A*30/B*13/Cw*06 haplotype were associated with lower plasma viral loads and Gag-specific CTL responses restricted by these HLA alleles may contribute to the protection.