Objective To investigate the clinical effects and safety of spiral stone basket assisted with FURL in the treatment of unilateral upper ureteral stones for diameter>1.0 cm. Methods 140 patients with unilateral upper ureteral stones for diameter>1.0 cm from January 2012 to December 2015 were randomly divided into control group (70 patients) with FURL used alone and observation group (70 patients) with spiral stone basket assisted application on the basis of control group;the perioperative clinical indicators, the lithotripsy success rate, the stone clearance rate, the stone removal rate and the postoperative complication incidence of both groups were compared. Results The operation time of observation group was signiifcantly longer than control group (P<0.05). There was no signiifcant difference in the blood loss volume in operation and hospitalization time between 2 groups (P>0.05). The lithotripsy success rate and the stone clearance rate of observation group was signiifcantly higher than control group (P<0.05). The stone removal rate of observation group was signiifcantly lower than control group (P<0.05). The postoperative complication incidence of observation group was no difference between 2 groups (P> 0.05). The total treatment expenses of observation group was signiifcantly fewer than control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Spiral stone basket assisted with FURL in the treatment of unilateral upper ureteral stones for diameter>1.0 cm can efifciently higher the stone removal effects, reduce the stone removal risk and not increase the postoperative complications incidence.

Objective To compare the use of solifenacin and trospium in treatment of overactive bladder (OAB).Methods This prospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with OAB who presenting to the Department of urology,Changzhou No.3 People's Hospital between March 2015 and May 2016.Patients were randomized into 2 groups.Group A (n =40) received 5 mg solifenacin once daily,while Group B (n =39) received 20 mg trospium twice daily.All the patients' OAB symptom scores (OABSS) in weeks 0,4,and 12 were recorded.In addition,side effects of the drugs were evaluated.Results Average OABSS was determined as:9.3 ± 2.6 (Group A) and 10.2±1.9 (Group B) at week0;2.5±1.3 (GroupA) and 2.7±1.4 (Group B) at week4;and 1.4±0.5 (Group A) and 1.3 ± 0.6 (Group B) at week 12.In addition,no statistically significant difference was found between the scores (P =0.084,P =0.512 and P =0.423).The discontinuation rate of medication due to its side effects was 0 (0％) for Group A,and 5 (12.8％) for Group B.Intragroup changes in the scores 0 weeks-4 weeks,0 weeks-12 weeks and 4 weeks-12 weeks values was statistically significant in both groups (P =0.000).Conclusion No significant difference was found between the OABSS of these 2 drugs.However,discontinuation of drugs due to side effects was more frequent in trospium.

Objective To understand the variation in response of Oncomelania hupensis to niclosamide. Methods Snails were collected from 37 sampling areas distributed in 10 provinces (municipalities) using random environmental sampling methods in accordance with the different types and categories of snail habitats. In laboratory the snails were immersed in solutions of niclosamide for 24 and 48 hours at 25℃. Results 1.0 mg/L niclosamide showed 100% killing effect on snails in 24 hours. The LC 50 concentrations for snails immersed for 24 hours ranged from 0.0320 to 0.1689 mg/L with a mean value of 0.0920 mg/L. 0.5 mg/L niclosamide showed 100% killing effect on snails in 48 hours. The LC 50 values for snails immersed for 48 hours ranged between 0.0299 and 0.1114 mg/L with a mean of 0.0627 mg/L. There is a significant difference in snail sensitivity to niclosamide between sampling areas. Conclusion The sensitivity to niclosamide varied in snails from different sampling fields, but the chemical in a concentration of 1.0 mg/L showed 100% effect of killing snails, which is consistent to the manual of schistosomiasis control.

Objective To understand the potential risk for schistosomiasis transmission caused by introduction of infection source from mobile population in Shanghai. Methods Field investigation was conducted in the suburb of Shanghai City by screening the mobile population living in Shanghai for more than 1 month and over 1 years old in a procedure of interviewing, serum indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test, and then fecal examination to detect the eggs with nylon sedimentation approach for those IHA positives. Results Among 2 931 mobile people investigated, 1 575 were male (53.74%) and 1 356 were female(46.26%); 138 out of 2 931 were positive in IHA test (4.71%). 1 938 (66.12%) out of 2 931 came from Schistosoma japonicum-endemic provinces and its positive rate in mobile population (5.99%) was significantly higher than those from the transmission-interrupted provinces (2.6%) (?2=10.28, P