Objective To analyze the burden and epidemic trends of gastric cancer in China from 1990 to 2021, and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control strategies. Methods　Data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database were used to extract the number of the incidence, prevalence, and death cases, as well as the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) for gastric cancer in China from 1990 to 2021. The corresponding crude rates and age-standardized rates were calculated. The Joinpoint regression model was employed to analyze the trends in the burden of gastric cancer, and a comprehensive examination was conducted from multiple dimensions including age, gender, and time. Results From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of gastric cancer in China decreased from 48.03 per 100,000 to 29.05 per 100,000, the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) decreased from 67.17 per 100,000 to 57.23 per 100,000, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) decreased from 46.05 per 100,000 to 21.51 per 100,000, and the age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) decreased from 1181.61 per 100,000 to 501.26 per 100,000. The AAPCs of ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, and ASDR were -1.61%, -0.50%, -2.44%, and -2.75%, respectively. The incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALY rates showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with age. Although females had higher incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALY numbers in the older age groups, males exhibited higher crude rates across all age groups. Conclusion　The overall disease burden of gastric cancer in China showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2021, and men and middle-aged and elderly people are the key populations for prevention and control efforts.

Objective To evaluate the predictive performance of C2 HEST score in the progression from paroxysmal to persistent atrial fibrillation(AF)in elderly patients.Methods A retrospective cohort trial was conducted on 515 patients＞75 years old with paroxysmal AF admitted to the First and Second Centers of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2008 to December 2009.The occurrence of persistent AF(including permanent AF)or death was regarded as the end event.According to their C2 HSET score,the end population was divided into a progressive group(76 cases,progression to persistent AF)and a non-progressive group(439 cases,not progression to persistent AF).The risk factors for persistent AF were analyzed,and the survival rate was ana-lyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curve.ROC curve was plotted to evaluate the performance of C2 HEST score in predicting the progression to persistent AF.Results Multivariate Cox regres-sion analysis showed that COPD(HR=2.018,95％CI:1.262-3.227,P=0.003),heart failure(HR=3.505,95％CI:1.5 9 8-7.688,P=0.002)and stroke or transient ischemic attack(HR=3.663,95％CI:2.293-5.852,P=0.000)were independent risk factors for progression to persis-tent AF.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated that the survival rate was decreased with the increment of risk stratification(P＜0.01).The median survival time of intermediate-risk patients was 124.81 months(95％CI:120.752-128.862)and that of high-risk patients was 97.04 months(95％CI:86.277-107.808).ROC curve analysis revealed that C2 HEST score(AUC value=0.649,95％CI:0.577-0.721,P＜0.01)had good predictive value in the progression of paroxysmal AF to persistent AF.Conclusion In patients over 75 years of age,C2 HEST score has a good performance in evaluating the progression from paroxysmal to persistent AF.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expression of p-Stat3 and Survivin in gastric cancer and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients, and to establish the prediction model of postoperative survival of patients combined with alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST). Methods: Data of 133 patients undergoing gastric tumor resection were collected and followed up. The expression of p-STAT3 and Survivin in gastric cancer and precancerous tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve. Logistic regression model combined with receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) curve was used to describe the predictive value of multi-index combined detection on postoperative survival status of patients. The prediction model of the histogram was established using Survival and RMS packages in R Studio software. Results: The expressions of p-Stat3 and Survivin in gastric cancer tissues were higher than those in precancerous tissues. The expression of p-Stat3 in gastric cancer tissues was positively correlated with the depth of invasion and TNM stage, while the expression of Survivin in gastric cancer tissues was positively correlated with the degree of differentiation and the depth of invasion. The higher the expression levels of p-Stat3 and Survivin, the worse the prognosis. The lower the ALT level, the worse the prognosis. Survivin, ALT and AST were the optimal combination for predicting postoperative survival in patients with gastric cancer. Conclusion The expression of p-Stat3 and Survivin plays an auxiliary role in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. P-Stat3, Survivin and ALT are correlated with the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer and have predictive value. Survivin, ALT and AST combined model has a big value to predict the postoperative survival prognosis of gastric cancer patients, which can provide a reference for clinical practice.

The development of liver inflammatory diseases is associated with autoimmunity and inflammatory response. As a negative feedback regulator of cell signal, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) plays a key role in the development and progression of inflammatory diseases. This article mainly introduces the mechanism of action of SOCS1 in autoimmunity and inflammatory response and briefly describes its role in the development and progression of liver inflammatory diseases such as viral hepatitis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The analysis shows that the abnormal expression of SOCS1 in inflammatory response is associated with the regulation of cytokine receptor, Toll-like receptor, and hormone receptor signal, which leads to the development of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, SOCS1 has potential prospects as an auxiliary means for the diagnosis and treatment of liver inflammatory diseases.

Objective To observe the effects of ketamine on the patients with depression re-ceiving modified electric conulsive therapy (MECT).Methods Sixty patients with depression were randomly divided into ketamine group and propofol group (n =30 each group).Atropine 0.5-1.0 mg, propofol 1.0 mg/kg or ketamine 0.8 mg/kg i.v.were given before MECT,Scoline 0.7-1.0 mg/kg i. v.was given after the eyelash reflex disappeared.Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)was completed after the 2 nd ,4 th and 6 th MECT,the time of convulsion,twitch index,energy percentage, respiratory recovery time and adverse reactions were recorded.Results The total score of HAMD was significantly decreased with the increasing times of MECT in both groups,compared with propo-fol group,ketamine group's HAMD total score decreased faster,especially after the 4th MECT,the score decreased significantly in ketamine group (P <0.05).The time of convulsion,twitch index,en-ergy percentage, respiratory recovery time, adverse reactions all had no statistical significance between the two groups.Conclusion Compered with propofol,ketamine,as an anesthetic of MECT, can effectively lower the score of HAMD.

Objective To investigate the frequency distribution of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) gene I474V polymorphisms and their relationship with patients with ischemic stroke (IS)of Uygur and Han ethnic groups in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods The I474V polymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) in 407 patients with IS(including 219 Hans and 188 Uygurs)and 425 health controls (including 255 Hans and 170 Uygurs),and some specimens were sequenced.Results (1) Between IS group and control group,the genotypes Ⅱ and Ⅳ had no statistically significant differences in the levels of triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ; Total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels had statistically significant differences; LDL-C levels had also statistically significant differences.Between IS and control groups,TC,LDL,HDL-C levels of genotype Ⅱ showed statistically significant difference.In the IS group,TC,LDL-C levels of Ⅳ genotype were significantly higher than the control group,the difference being statistically significant.(2) There was statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution between IS and control groups (9.5％ (77/814) vs 4.5％ (38/850),x2 =16.09,P =0.000).And the distribution of allele frequency was statistically different (18.9％ (77/407) vs 8.9％ (38/425),x2 =17.38,P =0.000).(3) The differences of I474V loci Ⅳ genotype frequency distribution in Xinjiang Uygurs and Hans were statistically significant (27.7％ (52/188) vs 11.4％ (25/219),x2 =17.40,P =0.000; 12.9％ (22/170) vs 6.3％ (16/255),x2 =5.57,P =0.018) ; So did the Ⅴ allele frenquency distribution (13.8％ (52/376) vs 5.7％ (25/438),x2 =15.58,P =0.000; 6.5％ (22/340) vs 3.1％ (16/510),x2 =10.44,P =0.001).(4) There was statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution and allele frenquency distribution between IS group and control group in the Xinjiang Uygurs (27.7％ (52/188) vs 12.9％ (22/170),x2 =11.79,P =0.001 ; 13.8％ (52/376) vs 6.5％ (22/340),x2 =10.44,P =0.001) ; But there was no statistically significant difference in the Hans.Conclusions Ⅱ and Ⅳ genotypes are dominant in the I474V polymorphism loci of PCSK9 gene.The genotype of PCSK9 gene I474V polymorphism is correlated with increasing serum levels of TC and LDL-C.I474V polymorphism is associated with cerebral IS course in Xinjiang region.There is statistically significant difference in the genotype I474V distribution between Uygur and Han groups.I474V polymorphism has a relationship with the occurrence of IS in Xinjiang Uygurs.Ⅳ may be a susceptible genotype and Ⅴ may be a genetic susceptible allele of the Xinjiang Uygurs.

Objective To explore the influence of the combination therapy of probucol with atorvastatin on levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), and marix metallopro? teinase-9 (MMP-9) and resolution of carotid plaque in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods One hun? dred-six patients with acute cerebral infarction who had carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound-confirmed atherosclerot? ic plaques , were included in the present study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: conventional treat? ment group ( 40 cases) which received atorvastatin (20mg/d) and co-treatment group (40 cases) which received Atorvas? tatin (20mg/d) and Probucol (500mg/d). Levels of hs-CRP, ox-LDL and MMP-9 were detected in all patients before treat? ment and 1, 6 and 12 months after drug therapy. The Intima-media thickness, area and numbers of carotid plaques were evaluated by using Doppler ultrasonography during a 12 months follow-up period. Results ① Serum hs-CRP and MMP-9 levels were significantly decreased at 1, 6 and 12 months after treatment, (conventional treatment group:t =14.662, 23.586, 28.179 and co-treatment group:t =47.023, 50.239, 50.774,P <0.01). The ox-LDL levels was obviously de? creased in the combined treatment group (t =4.592, 5.011, 5.892,P <0.01) but not in conventional treatment group (P > 0.05) at 1, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Serum hs-CRP, ox-LDL and MMP-9 levels were significantly lower in com? bined treatment group than in the conventional treatment group at all time points after treatment (t =7.655, 5.271, 2.492, t =4.927, 3.772, 4.673 andt =16.862, 4.251, 2.045.P <0.01 orP <0.05). ②There were not statistically differences in the IMT, plaque area and plaque numbers between these two groups before treatment (P >0.05). The IMT, plaque area and plaque numbers were significantly smaller in combined treatment group than in conventional treatment group (t =6.117, 3.290, 2.158,P <0.05). Conclusions The combination therapy of probucol with atorvastatin can greatly reduce levels of serunl hs-CRP,ox-LDL and MMP-9, indicating that the combination therapy has a strong anti-oxidant function, thereby reversing and stabilizing the atherosclerosis plaque.

A total of 192 poststroke patients with depression and anxiety were assigned randomly into study group (n =96) and control group (n =96).The study group received both capsules Shugan-jieyu and paroxetine while the control group paroxetine alone.Compared with the control group,scores of both Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) were significantly different at the end of week 2 and 6 in the study group (P ＜ 0.05).The HAMD and HAMA deduction rate and the scores of mangled extremity severity,mini-mental state examination and modified Barthel index at the end of week 6 of the study group were better than those of the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The combined use of capsules Shugan-jieyu and paroxetine could improve symptoms of depression and anxiety,offer a higher safety and accelerate the rehabilitation of extremity function.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing urban communities.Methods Total 3316 subjects with type 2 diabetes (age 20-80 years) were recruited from 15 urban community health centers in Beijing using a multi-stage random sampling approach.Dyslipidemia was diagnosed according to Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults:2007 version.Results Among 3316 diabetic subjects (1329 malesand 1987 females),75.6％ (2506/3316) had dyslipidemia,the prevalence was 72.5％ (964/1329)in men and 77.6％ (1542/1987) in women.The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia was 41.9％ (1388/3316) and 48.1％ (1595/3316),respectively.31.5％ (1043/3316) subjects had high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and 21.2％ (703/3316) had low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).Among all subjects with dyslipidemia only 22.9％ (575/2506) took hypolipid agents.The overall blood lipid control rates of triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),LDL-C and HDL-C in 1393 subjects with dyslipidemia history were 48.0％ (669/1393),17.4％ (242/1393),30.9％ (430/1393) and 75.8％ (1056/1393),respectively.Diabetics with dyslipidemia had higher body mass index,waist circumference,blood pressure,plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c.The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the overweight and uncontrolled-glucose group were 79.0％ (1678/2125),78.9％ (1756/2227),respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,body mass index and hemoglobin A1c were associated with dyslipidemia.Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetic subjects in Beijing urban communities is high and less than one quarter patients take hypolipid agents.Age,body mass index and hemoglobin A1c are the risk factors of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients.

While human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have promising applications in regenerative medicine, most of the hiPSC lines available today are not suitable for clinical applications due to contamination with nonhuman materials, such as sialic acid, and potential pathogens from animal-product-containing cell culture systems. Although several xeno-free cell culture systems have been established recently, their use of human fibroblasts as feeders reduces the clinical potential of hiPSCs due to batch-to-batch variation in the feeders and time-consuming preparation processes. In this study, we have developed a xeno-free and feeder-cell-free human embryonic stem cell (hESC)/hiPSC culture system using human plasma and human placenta extracts. The system maintains the self-renewing capacity and pluripotency of hESCs for more than 40 passages. Human iPSCs were also derived from human dermal fibroblasts using this culture system by overexpressing three transcription factors-Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. The culture system developed here is inexpensive and suitable for large scale production.
Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Differentiation ; Cellular Reprogramming ; Culture Media ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Placenta ; chemistry ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Sodium Chloride ; chemistry ; Transcription Factors ; genetics