BACKGROUND:Lumbar disc herniation is the most common cause of lumbago in clinic, which seriously affect the patient's daily life, study and work. Therefore, studies on biomechanics of lumbar intervertebral disk benefit to prevent and treat the diseases associated with lumbar intervertebral disk. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biomechanical progress of lumbar intervertebral disk. METHODS: The first author retrieved China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed database for literatures published from 2009 to 2014. The key words were intervertebral disc, nucleus pulposus, biomechanics, fibrosis annulus, cartilage in Chinese and English, respectively. Articles regarding biomechanical characteristics of lumbar intervertebral disk, nucleus pulposus, fibrosis annulus and cartilage were included, and repetitive studies were excluded. Totaly 5 072 articles were retrieved initialy. In accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We can fuly understand the pathogenesis, development and adverse consequences of diseases related to the lumbar intervertebral disk by summarizing the structural features and internal pressure of lumbar intervertebral disk and the effect of different loads, biomechanical characteristics of lumbar intervertebral disk with degenerative changes and establishment of mechanical model of lumbar intervertebral disk. It is of directive significance for daily health care of the lumbar intervertebral disk and how to better use force, a physical factor, to solve the lumbar intervertebral disk problems.

Objective To research the degree of sensory disturbance(about algaesthesis and thermesthesia) in patients with cerebral infarction(CI),diabetes mellitus(DM) and CI combined DM(CD).Methods The threshold values of rhigosis,heat sensation,cryalgesia and thermalgesia were detected by quantitative sensory testing(QST) in the patients with CI(CI group),DM(DM group),CD(CD group).Each group had 30 cases.The results were compared with normal control group(NC group).Results Compared with NC group,acral thermic sense and cryalgesia in CI group and CD group were declined obviously(all P

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Wenyang Chubi Decoction (WYCBD), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and collagen-I (COL-I) in a mouse model of scleroderma. METHODS: Scleroderma was induced in BALB/c mice by daily local injection of bleomycin for three weeks and the mice were randomly divided into untreated, WYCBD-treated and normal saline (NS) treated groups, with another group of BALB/c mice as normal control. WYCBD and NS were given orally for one month respectively. Histopathology in the skin and lungs of the mice were examined. The CTGF and COL-I expressions in the skin or skin lesions were detected by immunohistochemical Elivision assay. RESULTS: The expression levels of CTGF and COL-I in the untreated group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05). Compared with the NS-treated group, the WYCBD-treated group had significant improvement in the skin and lung histopathology and remarkably decreased expression levels of CTGF and COL-I (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Scleroderma mice showed high expressions of CTGF and COL-I in the skin. WYCBD had the effects of decreasing the CTGF and COL-I expressions and improving the skin fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the development and improvement of pharmaceutical care in our hospital. METHODS:By questionnaire investigation,habits and understarding situation and demand of knowledge of drug use among pa-tients in our hospital were randomly collected by face-to-face interview or network platform. A statistical analysis was carried out on obtained results. RESULTS:In this questionnaire investigation,289 questionnaires were sent out face-to-face,and 282 valid ques-tionnaires were returned with effective feedback rate of 97.58%. Totally 51 valid questionnaires were returned through network plat-form. A total of 333 valid questionnaires were returned through two ways. The results of questionnaire investigation showed that 44.14% of the surveyed patients would read the drug instructions before taking drugs;41.14% of the surveyed patients would pay more attention to ADR and cautions stated in drug instructions. More than 60% of the surveyed patients had various bad habits of drug use. When getting better,66.07% of the surveyed patients would stop using drugs or reduce the dosage. When having not im-proved,26.73% of them would change drugs or increase dosage.Consulting with the medical staff was the most common source(69.07%)of drug use knowledge,and it was also the most trusted source(84.08%). Among the knowledge of drug use, surveyed patients most expected to understand theADR and side effects(65.46%),and the selectionindication and main us-er,cautions,drug interaction in multiple useandusage and dosagewere also selected frequently,and the choices of some options were significantly affected by the characteristics of people,such as age and education degree(P<0.05). The most expected way to acquire drug use knowledge wasface-to-face consultation with medical staff (72.97%),followed bytelephone consulta-tionandnetwork consultation,and the choices of some options were significantly affected by the characteristics of people,such as age and education (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Patients in our hospital haven't pay enough attention to drug instructions and their content,and bad habits of drug use still exist. Sources of drug use knowledge are diverse,but confidence of other sources is not enough except for source of medical staff. The demands for the knowledge of drug use are different,however,the present form and content of pharmaceutical care in our hospital cannot fully meet the needs of patients.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of azithromycin sequential therapy combined with terbutaline in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia. METHODS:130 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group was given azithromycin sequential therapy by using 10 mg/kg Azithromycin dispersible tablet by intravenous infusion,once a day,for continuous 3-5 d,then rested for 4 d,and then given 10 mg/kg Azithromycin dis-persible tablet at a draught,once a day,for continuous 3 d,then rested for 4 d;observation group was additionally given 2.5 mg Terbutaline injection adding into 5 ml sodium chloride injection by inhalation via oxygen atomization,twice a day,10-15 min ev-ery times,and then the children were fed with warm boiled waterafter atomization. The treatment course for both groups was 4 weeks. Clinical efficacy,and changes of cytokines levels [tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-8],disap-peared time of related symptoms and signs (wheezing,rales,coughing,fever),hospitalization time before and after treatment, and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:After treatment,the effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly lower than control group,disap-peared time of related symptoms and signs and hospitalization time were significantly shorter than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Azithromycin sequential therapy combined with terbutalineaerosol therapycan effectively improve the cytokines levels and clinical efficacy,with good safety.

number of goblet cells, mucus secretion and mucin MUC5AC content in lung tissues. Results S100A9 in BALF of group B was (11.89±0.77) ng/mL, S100A9 integrated optical density (IOD) value in airway epithelial cells was 13.96±1.62, PAS stain area /epithelial cell area was (12.53±1.21)%, relative value of MUC5AC / NADPH was 173.91±4.29, all of the above were higher than those of group A [(6.19±0.61) ng/mL, 4.97±0.30, (1.94±0.18)%, 1];S100A9 levels, IOD of S100A9 in airway epithelial cells, PAS stain area / epithelial cell area (%), relative value of MUC5AC / NADPH in group C [(10.69±0.79) ng / ml, 11.80±0.72, (10.61±0.61)%, 94.65±1.59], group D[(9.49±0.99) ng/mL, 10.39±0.59, (8.63±0.62)%, 82.08±1.12], group E [(7.54± 0.42) ng/mL, 5.63±0.84, (4.59±0.87)%, 26.30±1.94] were lower than group B, which showed a dose-dependent reduction and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion DB downregulates the expression level of Ca2+-binding protein S100A9 and the mucus secretion amount of the airway goblet cells in rats.

Objective To evaluate the effect of denatonium benzoaten on α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),subepithelial collagen and airway inflammation in asthmu mice.Methods Forty-five BALB/c mice were divided into 3 groups,normal control group (A group),asthma model group (B group),asthma model+ denatonium benzoaten group(C group);α-SMA detected by using immunohistochemistry,lung sections were stained with Masson to detect subepithelial collagen,HE stain method was used to observe the airway inflammation the images were analyzed with semi-quantitative computer.Results The deposition of α-SMA、subepithelial collagen and inflammation degree in C group was significantly reduced compared with B group,the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Denatonium benzoaten can improve airway remodeling in asthmatic mice.

Objective: To summarize the characteristics of arrhythmia with the relevant factors affecting its prognosis in patients of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM). Methods: A total 283 AHCM patients with echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) conifrmed diagnosis in our hospital from 2005-01 to 2012-08 were summarized. The patients were divided into 2 groups: With arrhythmia group, n=103 and Without arrhythmia group,n=180. The endpoint event was followed-up by clinical and telephone visits in both groups and the relevant risk factors affecting AHCM prognosis were investigated by Cox regression analysis. Results: There were 269 patients ifnished the follow-up investigation, 98 in With arrhythmia group, 171 in Without arrhythmia group, and the death rate was 4.08% vs 1.17%, the occurrence of endpoint event was 18.37% vs 5.58%respectively. Cox regression analysis indicated that age (HR=23.051, 95% CI 1.08-1.068,P<0.005), left atrial diameter (HR=4.113, 95%CI 1.002-1.119,P=0.043) and NT-proBNP (HR= 18.653, 95% CI 3.433-26.650,P<0.005) were the independent risk factors affecting prognosis in AHCM patients. Conclusion: Arrhythmia is one of the common presentations of AHCM, it does not have much impact on survival, while it may cause ventricular ifbrillation and increase the occurrence of cardiovascular events.

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of adopting different vascular access during autologous peripheral blood stem cells collection.Methods 87 patients received autologous peripheral blood stem cells collection were divided into two groups:One was peripheral vein harvesting group (43 cases),which used the 16G disposable fistula needle for autolo-gous peripheral blood stem cell collection and the other central venous harvesting group (44 cases),which used double cavity of femoral vein catheter for autologous peripheral blood stem cell collection.The observation indicators included venous ac-cesses,collection efficiency,patient tolerance,the number of mononuclear cell and CD34 positive cells.Results The numbers of mononuclear cells and CD34 positive cells in two groups were all above the standard and there was no significant differ-ence (P >0.05).However,the success of venous accesses,the efficiency smooth of collection and-patient tolerance were bet-ter in double cavity of femoral vein catheter group (P <0.05).Conclusion Harvesting the autologous peripheral blood stem cell through central venous by using double cavity of femoral vein catheter had the advantages as follows:high success rate of puncture,acquisition smoothly and reducing the suffering extent of the patients,and also it did not affect the acquisition effi-ciency and effectiveness.

BACKGROUND: Autogenous bone has been used in cervical vertebra graft bone fusion in earliest stage and at most. However, its source is limited, simultaneously, induced many complications such as infection, hemorrhage and postoperative pain in the donor bone region. Recently, above-mentioned complications were avoided or reduced with the usage of new graft bone fusion material. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical efficacy using MC+~R combination of autogenous bone or calcium sulfate artificial bone in antador cervical fusion.METHODS: A total of 26 patients (34 levels) with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent anterior cervical discectomy and cervical intervertebral fusion from January to December 2008. Anterior cervical oblique cut was 3.0-4.0 cm. The endplate were preserved after the cervical intervertebral disc and the posterior longitudinal ligament were removed. Autogenous bone group was filled with autogenous bone. Calcium sulfate artificial bone group was filled with Wdght's Osteoset artificial bone. Anchoring clip was implanted between the cervical vertebrae. Every patient had a short neck incision was assessed with X-ray, JOA grade and Odom's evaluation scale.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The two groups of 26 patients (34 segments)were followed up. The JOA score of postoperation was no significant difference between the two groups. According to the Odom's evaluation scale, the excellent and good rate of calcium sulfate group was higher than autogenous bone group, but there was not statistical significance (P>0.05). The fusion rate of autogenous bone group was higher than calcium sulfate group at 3 and 6 months, but the fusion rate of two groups were 100% at 12 months. Although the calcium sulfate group at 6 months, lordosis angle lost more than 0.4°than the autogenous bone group,but no significant statistically between the two groups (P>0.05). MC+ combination of autogenous bone or Calcium sulfate had the same clinical efficacy in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, but the calcium sulfate artificial bone could be effectively avoided the complications of donor site.