To obtain recombinant human β2-microglobulin (rhβ2M) with properties of good solubility and high purity from E. coli, prokaryotic expression conditions were optimized and protein purification was performed in this study. After testing the effect of different IPTG concentrations, temperatures and induction times on the production of rhβ2M, the optimum expression conditions were determined, i. e. joining IPTG to final concentration being 0.8 mmol/L and inducing time 6 h and at temperature of 25 degrees C. Under the optimum induction conditions, the ratio of soluble rhβ2M to soluble bacterial protein was 63.7%. After purified by Ni Sepharose 6 Fast Flow, the purity of rhβ2M achieved a greater value of 95%. Western blot analysis revealed that rhβ2M possessed the antigen property that specifically interacted with anti-β2M antibody.
Blotting, Western ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Solubility ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; biosynthesis

Objective To understand the cognition status about preventing from blood pathogens in Chongqing nursing staff of occupational exposure to blood and to provide the evidence necessary to the education of occupational prevention.Methods Totally 1 270 nurses in 20 hospitals in Chongqing were investigated by self-designed Questionnaires.The contents included understanding,acquisition approaches,the knowledge that should be known etc..Results The knowledge of occupational exposure was inadequate.The proper answers averaged 54.59% in questionaire and there was significant difference in the cognition about occupational blood exposure among those of different education background,professional title,nursing age and types of employment(P

This study is to investigate the effect of 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PNG) on osteoclastogensis of bone marrow cells and bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts were separated from long bone marrow of newborn rabbits and cultured in alpha-MEM containing 10% FBS. 8-PNG was added into culture media at 1 x 10(-7), 1 x 10(-6), 1 x 10(-5) mol xL(-1), separately. 17beta-Estradiol (E2, 1 x 10(-7) mol x L(-7)) was used as positive control. T RAP staining and TRAP activity measurement were performed after 5 days, and the bone resorption pits were analyzed after 7 days. Annexin V staining for the detection of apoptotic osteoclasts was performed after 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h separately. The mRNA expression level of TRAP and cathepsin K (CTSK) was measured by real-time RT-PCR. 8-PNG significantly reduced the number of osteoclasts which was TRAP staining positive and with more than three nucleus, the area and number of bone resorption pits decreased obviously in 8-PNG-supplemented groups. The apoptosis rate peaked earlier in the 8-PNG-supplemented groups and the mRNA expression level of TRAP and CTSK decreased significantly. All these inhibitory effects were in a dose dependent manner, the highest effect was obtained by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) 8-PNG. 8-PNG inhibits bone resorption activity of osteoclasts by inducing osteoclast apoptosis and inhibiting the gene expression and enzyme activity including TRAP and CTSK, and restrains bone marrow cells to osteoclast differentiation.

The basic function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is to promote vascular growth. Recent studies show that VEGF plays a vital role in various thyroid diseases through prompting angiogenesis. But the function of VEGF and specific change condition in different thyroid disease still needs further explorations. This review mainly focuses on the molecular characteristics and clinical application of VEGF.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Animals ; Graves Disease ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Thyroid Diseases ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Thyroid Gland ; blood supply ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Thyroiditis ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the clinical value of the echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital mitral valve malformation and summarize its occurrence and type associated with other cardiac malformations.Methods The echocardiographic image data of 101 patients with congenital mitral valve malformation were retrospectively analyzed,the characteristics of different types were summarized and compared with operation results,CT,cardiac catheterization,transesophageal echocardiography,as well as the data of echocardiographic follow-up.Results Among 101 patients with echocardiographic examination showed mitral valve congenital malformation,63 cases were isolated valve set malformation (62.4％),and multiple valve set malformation were found in 38 cases (32.7％).In another side,39 cases were of single mitral valve malformation (38.6％),while 62 patients combined with other type cardiac malformations (61.4％).No significant difference of dynamic change was shown between patients with solitary and multiple malformation of mitral valve (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Echocardiography can display congenital mitral valve malformation in a fast,robust,real-time way.It has an important clinical value in the diagnosis of congenital mitral valve malformation.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a glycoprotein that promotes endothelial regeneration, stimulates formation of collateral blood vessels and increases vascular permeability. The purpose of this study was to measure the peripheral blood plasma level of VEGF and FT3, FT4, TSH and to analyze the correlation of the level of VEGF and TSH, FT3, FT4, age and gender in the patients of hyperthyroidism. The relationship between hyperthyroidism and VEGF was investigated as well. The plasma level of VEGF in 45 hyperthyroidism patients and 27 healthy persons were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while plasma FT3, FT4, TSH were detected by chemiluminescence. The result showed that the plasma level of VEGF in hyperthyroidism patients [(92.53 +/- 62.38) pg/mL] was significantly lower than that in the control group [(158.28 +/- 77.15) pg/mL] (P < 0.01). The plasma level of VEGF correlated with age, and that of those over 40Y was significantly higher than that of 40Y or younger (P < 0.05) in healthy group. Whereas there was no correlation among VEGF, TSH, FT3, FT4, age and gender in hyperthyroidism patients (P > 0.05). These results suggested that the peripheral blood plasma level of VEGF in hyperthyroidism patients was significantly lower than that in the control group. Further experimental investigations are needed to estimate the relationship between VEGF and hyperthyroidism.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood ; Triiodothyronine ; blood ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the correlation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status and genotyping characteristics with the result of liquid-based thin-layer cytology (TCT) of the cervix in the female physical examiners in Xi'an. Methods: The data of 5 163 female physical examiners who underwent HPV and TCT screening simultaneously in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University From June 2017 to June 2018 were collected to analyze HPV infection, genotyping and their relationship with TCT. Results: Among the 5 163 examiners, 527 (10.21%) were HPV-positive, and the infection rate in the examiners over 60 years old was the highest [12.26% (57/465)]. Among HPV-positive examiners, the infection rate of single genotype was higher than that of multiple genotypes infection [75.90% (400/527) vs. 24.10% (127/527), P < 0.01]. The top four genotypes were type 52, 58, 53 and 16 accounting for 17.21% (121/703), 12.09% (85/703), 11.52% (81/703) and 10.67% (75/703), respectively, of the total frequency of HPV infection. Of the 5 163 examiners, 68 (1.32%) examiners were positive for TCT screening. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of TCT between HPV multiple genotypes-infected examiners and single genotype-infected examiners [11.02% (14/127) vs. 9.00% (36/400), χ² = 0.460, P > 0.05]. Among 50 examiners with positive results of HPV and TCT tests, the top four genotypes were type 58, 52, 53 and 16, and they were in consistence with the overall HPV infection genotyping. Conclusions The HPV infection in the female physical examiners in Xi'an is dominated by the single genotype infection, and the main genotypes of HPV infection are type 52, 58, 53 and 16. The combined detection of HPV genotyping and TCT can improve the effectiveness of cervical lesions screening.

Objective:To explore the morphological parameters of tricuspid in patients with moderate or above functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR ) by real-time three-dimensional (3D) transthoracic echocardiography.Methods:A total of 31 moderate or above FTR(FTR group) and 36 healthy adults(control group) were included in the study from May to July 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (Xijing Hospital). Two-dimensional (2D) and 3D echoardiography were performed on both FTR group and control group. The 2D parameters included tricuspid regurgitation (TR), transverse diameter of right atrium/ ventricle, transverse diameter of tricuspid annulus(TVD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS). The tricuspid 3D parameters were analyzed by TomTec software, including annular parameters[annular anterior-posterior diameter (AP), annular left-right diameter (AL-PM), sphericity index (SI=AP/AL-PM), non-planar angle (NPA), annulus circumference (AC), annulus area (AA), annulus height (AH)], leaflet parameters[tenting volume(TV), tenting area(TA), tenting heigh(TH), commissural diameter(CD)], and dynamic parameters[annular displacement max(ADmax), annulus area fraction(AAF)].Results:Compared with the control group, AP, AL-PM, SI, AC, AA, TV, TA parameters of FTR group were larger, ADmax was smaller (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression model was used to evaluate the effects of RA, RV, AP, AL-PM, SI, TV, TA on FTR, and the results showed that FTR was associated with TV and TA( t=4.253, -2.14; all P<0.05). Conclusions:RT-3DE can be used to assess the morphological parameters of tricuspid valve with moderate or above FTR patients effectively. TV and TA are the two most important factors for moderate or above FTR.

【Objective】 To study the diagnostic value of balloon expulsion test, anorectal manometry, and colonic transit test for detecting constipation with defecation disorders. 【Methods】 Outpatients with functional constipation were retrospectively analyzed and classified into dyssynergic defecation constipation and non-dyssynergic defecation constipation according to the Rome Ⅳ diagnostic criteria. We studied the differences in symptomatological characteristics and results of the three testing methods between the two groups of patients. 【Results】 Among the 48 patients with functional constipation included, there were 13 males (27.1%) and 35 females (72.9%) with an age of (44.8±12.3) years, including 32 patients (66.7%) with defecation disorder and 16 patients (33.3%) with non-defecation disorder. The percentage of anal distension was significantly higher in patients with dyssynergic defecation constipation than in those with non-dyssynergic defecation constipation (34.4% vs. 0.0%, P=0.021). All the three tests had diagnostic value for dyssynergic defecation constipation, but with low diagnostic agreement between the results of each test. The diagnostic sensitivity of anorectal manometry was 100%, but the specificity (56.3%) was low, and both the positive predictive value (82.1%) and the negative predictive value (100%) were higher; the diagnostic sensitivity (75.0%) and specificity (81.3%) of the balloon expulsion test were both higher. The Youden index of colonic transit test was the smallest. The anal resting pressure and maximum systolic pressure of dyssynergic defecation constipation were lower than those of non-dyssynergic defecation constipation (75.2 mmHg vs. 97.1 mmHg, 168.7 mmHg vs. 251.6 mmHg). The two types of constipation did not significantly differ in anorectal pressure gradients during simulated defecation or rectal sensory function. 【Conclusion】 The balloon expulsion test can be used as a primary screening test for constipation with defecation disorders, and anorectal manometry has the highest comprehensive diagnostic value, but there is a certain false positive rate, and the colonic transit test has the lowest diagnostic efficacy. Thus a comprehensive analysis of the patient’s symptoms and the results of different tests is needed in clinical practice.