Objective To investigate the correlation between the glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),neuron-specific enolase(NSE),synaptoghysin (SYN),neurite outgrowth inhibitor-A(Nogo-A)expression and neurological outcome in tissue surrounding the infarct during the recovery after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods A 2-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)and reperfusion model in rats was induced by the intraluminal suture method.The modified neurological severity score(mNSS)was performed at day 28,35,42,and 49.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of GFAP,NSE,SYN,and Noga-A in tissue surrounding the infarct.Results The mNSS score decreased gradually over time after cerdnal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Except day 35(5.11±0.737)vs.day 42 (4.54±0.519),and day 42 vs.day 49(4.29±0.488),there were significant differences at all other time points(all P<0.05).The numbers of GFAP positive cells deergased gradually form day 28 to day 49,in which,the numbers of GFAP positive cells at day 42(51.00±13.59)vs.day 49(44.38±11.94) were significantly less than those at day 28(69.00±15.10)(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the numbers of NSE positive cells at all time points,but their integrated optical density(IOD)increased gradually.There were significant differences between day 28(6 218.57±1 864.25)and day 42(9 414.00±2 491.12) or day 49(12 522.50±3 106.99),and between day 35(7 343.40±1 533.35)and day 49(all P< 0.05).There were no significant differences at all other time points.The SYN express (IOD)increased gradually.and it was significantly lower at day 49(66 503.00±12 834.61)than that at day 28(43 905.14±13 208.59)(P<0.05).The numbers of Nogo-A positive cells decreased gradually,and they were significantly less at day 49(42.13±14.45) than those at day 28(59.57±15.25)(P<0.05).The GFAP expression was positively correlated with the mNSS scores(r=0.993,P=0.007).The NSE(r=-0.954,P=0.044)and SYN(r=-0.992,P=0.008) expression was negatively correlated with the mNSS scores.Conclusion The neurological outcome was associated with the downregulation of GFAP expression and the upregalation of NSE and SYN expression during the recovery after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism of immunoglobulin Yolk (IgY) against tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta ( IL-1β) in guinea pigs with allergic rhinitis.Methods: Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into the control group (group C,n=17),the allergic rhinitis model group (group M,n=27),the 0.1%anti-TNF-αand IL-1βIgY treating group (group Z1,n=21) and the fluticasone propionate treating group (group Z2,n=21).The allergic rhinitis model in guinea pigs was established using ovalbumin.After treatment for 2 h,4 h,8 h,nose and bronchial lung were lavaged using 0.9%saline, the nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected,the precipitated cells were stained using Wright′s,the nasal mucosa and lung tissues were stained using methylene blue and eosin (HE),and TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-5 and IL-33 in nasal mucosa and lung tissues were stained using immunohistochemistry.Results:There were a large amount of eosinophils and more serious inflammation responses in nasal mucosa in the M group compared with the Z 1 and Z2 groups.In the lung tissues,there were more alveolar tube damage ,pulmonary interstitial edema ,interval thickening ,thickening of bronchial smooth muscle and inflammation cell in-filtration in the M group compared with the Z 1 and Z2 groups.The eosinophils ,lymphocytes and neutrophils were significantly decreased in NLF and BALF in the Z1 and Z2 groups compared with the M group (P<0.05).The expressions of IL-1βand TNF-αfrom 2 h to 8 h and IL-5 and IL-33 from 4 h to 8 h significantly decreased in the nasal mucosa and lung tissues in the Z 1 group compared with the M group ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion:The allergic rhinitis in guinea pigs accompany with the allergic asthma.The inhibitory capacity of anti-TNF-αand IL-1βIgY on pathological responses in guinea pigs with allergic rhinitis may be due to the significant decrease in the infiltration of eosinophils and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in the nasal mucosas and lung tissues .

Objective To study the correlation between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system angiotensinogen (AGT) gene M235T,angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AGTR1) gene Al166C,aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene -344C/T polymorphisms and large-artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke in a southern Chinese Han population.Methods Polymerase chain reaction and gene sequencing technology were used for the genotyping in patients with LAA and normal controls with AGT gene M235T,AGTR1 gene A1166C,and CYP11B2 gene - 344C/T polymorphisms in a southern Chinese Han population,and to determine the correlation between the 3 gene polymorphisms and LAA by binary logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 107 patients with LAA and 142 healthy controls were included in the study.The frequencies of the AGT gene 253TT genotype (66.36％ vs.50.70％,x2 =6.122,P =0.047) and T allele (79.44％ vs.70.07％ ％,x2 =5.581,P =0.018) in the LAA group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The frequencies of the AGTR1 gene 1166CC genotype (0％ vs.0％,x2 =1.494,P =0.222) and C allele (7.48％ vs.4.93％,x2 =1.399,P =0.237) in the LAA group were no significantly differences with those in the control group.The frequencies of the CYP11B2 gene - 344CC genotype (9.35％ vs.4.23％,x2 =3.603,P =0.165) and C allele (27.10％ vs.26.06％,x2 =0.069,P =0.793) in the LAA group were no significant differences with those in the control group.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the three gene polymorphisms and the simple LAA diseases.The frequencies of AGT gene 235TT genotype (68.00％ vs.41.90％,x2 =12.446,P =0.002) and T allele (79.33％ vs.64.76％,x2 =8.993,P =0.003) in the LAA patients complicated with hypertension were significantly higher than those in the normotensive control group.Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) exposed to TT genotype was 2.153 (95％ confidence interval [CI] 0.789-5.872).The OR of T allele was 2.089 (95％ CI 1.285-3.396).Conclusions The AGT gene M235T polymorphism is not associated with the simple LAA in the southern Chinese Han population,but it may be associated with the risk of LAA complicated with hypertension;CYP11B2 gene -344C/T polymorphism and AGTR1 gene A1166C polymorphism are not associated with the onset of LAA in the southern Chinese Han population.

Objective:To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of epidermoid cyst in intrapancreatic accessory spleen (ECIPAS).Methods:The clinical and pathological data on 12 cases of confirmed ECIPAS in the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University and Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients′ sex, age, serum tumor markers, tumor size, tumor location and distant metastasis were recorded. Tissue expression of synaptophysin (Syn), chromogranin A(CgA), cytokeratin (CK) and CK5/6, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), proliferation index Ki-67 and tumor suppressor gene p53 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Results:All the patients were incidentally diagnosed during routine body examination. Among them, there were 4(33.3%) men and 8(66.7%) women. Patient's average age was 42 years old. All the lesions were located at the tail of the pancreas. 3 patients had elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9). The ECIPAS were demonstrated as clear-boundary low or no echo on abdominal ultrasound, low-density mass on CT, and cystic and solid lesion on pancreas MRI, respectively. Eleven patients received resection of body and tail of pancreas and spleen, one patient received pancreatectomy with preservation of the spleen. The resected specimens from the 12 patients were showed as cystic and solid mass in the pancreatic tail with a maximal diameter ranging from 1.4 cm to 4.0 cm. Under microscopy, multi-cystic lesions covered with stratified squamous epithelial cells were observed. Immunohistochemistry showed that the squamous cell marker CK was expressed. In a follow-up period of 5 to 119 months, and no recurrence were diagnosed.Conclusions:ECIPAS is a rare lesion often occurring in tails of pancreas and the patients usually have no clinical symptoms. It is challenging to make a correct diagnosis by imaging, but this lesion has unique pathological manifestations and good prognosis.

Purpose To investigate the clinical,imaging,pathological features,differential diagnosis and prognosis of em-bryonic dysplastic neuroepithelial tumor(DNT).Methods The clinical data of 33 DNT patients were collected.Immunohis-tochemical results of Olig2,NeuN,Syn,GFAP,IDH1,CD34,BRAF V600E,H3K27M and Ki67 were examined by EnVision method.Histopathological morphology and immunohistochemical features were retrospectively analyzed and relevant literature was reviewed synchronously.Results A total of 28 cases were fol-lowed up,including 10 females and 18 males.The age of onset was 4～57 years,with average 24.97 years.Refractory epilepsy was a common symptom.The lesions were mainly located in the supratentorial cortex,and most of them were well-defined,lobu-lated,cystic or cystic and solid.Microscopically,DNT was mainly composed of oligodendrocytes,neurons floating in the mucous matrix,and proliferative astrocytes.Calcification was rare,and no necrosis or microvascular hyperplasia was ob-served.Immunohistochemistry showed that neurons expressed NeuN and Syn,oligodendrocytes expressed Olig2,and prolifera-tive astrocytes expressed GFAP;p53 was mostly wild-type,and the proliferation index of Ki67 was low(mostly less than 4％).Conclusion DNT is a benign tumor with mixed glial and neu-ronal structures.Precise pathological diagnosis needs to be care-fully considered with imaging characteristics,microscopic mor-phology,immunohistochemistry and molecular test results if nec-essary.Prognosis after complete surgical resection is good.