It is no doubt that obstetrics and gynecology contains profound philosophic thinking.To integrate the philosophical thinking of materialistic dialectics and dialectical unity in obstetrics and gynecology teaching is helpful to reveal the essence from obstetrics and gynecology phenomena.Application and cultivation of philosophical thinking may be useful to further explore students'comprehensive thinking potential and effectively improve the quality of obstetrics and gynecology teaching.

Urotensin Ⅱ,a cycle peptide originally found from the fish,is the most potent vasoconstrictor.Urotensin Ⅱand its receptor have been found in central nerve system,cardiovascular system and other organs and tissues.It has been suggested that urotensin Ⅱplays important roles in the physiological and pathological procedures.Based on the evidences obtained from experiments,urotensin Ⅱmay become a new target for treating many diseases,particularly for cardiovascular diseases.

Introducing the current challenges of library of Institute of Information Research, China Rehabilitation Research Center,the paper puts forward the establishment of effective literature resources construction and reader service mechanism. Construction of library collection should be developed from two aspects, namely, the acquisition and integration parts, so as to develop characteristic,compound collections with both printed literatures and digital literatures. Reader service is not only including the traditional service but also covering deep-rooted professional information analysis and multiple types of services.

BACKGROUND:Researchers suggest that thermal damage happens when the temperature of biological tissues is over 44℃. Accurate analysis of burn range wil facilitate diagnosis and therapy of skin burns. OBJECTIVE: To establish the mathematical model of the skin tissues subjected to high temperature and to analyze heat transfer process, and then to predict the burn range of the skin. METHODS:A finite element method was used to simulate the temperature field when the skin tissue was burned. And the relevant animal experiment was conducted to identify the mathematical model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The temperature field was obtained by using the finite element method and the variation tendency between the theoretical data and the experimental data were agreed, but they did not fuly coincide. The scope of skin burn can be predicted by the present finite element method, and help to research the process of heat transfer.

Objective To evaluate the significace of endoscopic diagnosis of gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease ( GI GVHD) resulted from allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Methods Five patients with suspected GI GVHD received endoscopic examination and biopsies were taken from antrum, sig-moid colon or the focal lesions. Results The symptoms of GI GVHD included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, GI bleeding etc. The endoscopic appearance in stomach varied from subtle mucosal edema, hyperemia, and erythema necrotic erosion. Besides the above stated, the endoscopic appearance in colon also presented with diffuse mucosal erosion, hemorrhege and ulcer. Histological findings included characteristically crypt epithelial cell apoptosis and sloughing, and lymphocyte infiltration in epithelium and lamina propria. The involvement may be varied from diffuse to focal in stomach or colon. Conclusion Endoscopic and histological evaluation of the stomach and colon and biopsy specimen can be used as the evidences in diagnosing GI GVHD.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of isoflurane on baroreflex sensitivity ( BRS ) during induced hypotension and to illucidate the mechanism of isoflurane-induced hypotension. Methods Fifteen female ASA I or II patients aged 13-16 yrs undergoing scoliosis surgery were studied. The patients were unpremedicated. Radial artery and internal jugular vein were cannulated for BP and CVP monitoring. EGG, BP and SpO2 were continuously monitored before and during anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.04 mg? kg-1 , fentanyl 2 ?g? kg-1 and propofol 2 mg? kg-1 . Tracheal intubation was facilitated with rocuronium 1 mg?kg-1 . Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane inhalation and fentanyl infusion (0.4?g?kg-1?h-1). Nitroglycerin (NTG) was infused at 1 ?g?kg-1 ?min-1 at the beginning of surgery to control MAP at 55-65 mm Hg and esmolol 20 mg was given i. v. to control HR 0.8. BRS was measured before induction of anesthesia (T1), immediately after intubation (T2), when end-tidal concentration of isoflurane reached 0.7% (T3 , supine) (T4 , prone), when end-tidal concentration of isoflurane reached 1.3% (T5) , at 30 min after NTG infusion and esmolal bolus injection were stopped (T6) when end-tidal concentration of isoflurane was decreased to 0.7 % (prone, T7 ) and immediately after the patients were turned supine (T8 ) . Results When end-tidal isoflurane concentration reached 1.6%, the desired level of hypotension could be maintained without NTG infusion and esmolol injection. BRS gradually decreased with increasing end-tidal isoflurane concentration. BRS was the lowest at 30 min after termination of NTG infusion and esmolol bolus injection. Conclusion Isoflurane depresses BRS and BRS depression may be involved in the mechanism of isoflurane-induced hypotension.

Objective To investigate the effect of midazolam on expression of adhesion molecules on the platelet membrane surface in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods Blood samples were taken from 10 healthy volunteers and 40 patients with CHD and anticoagulated with 3.8% sodium citrate. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) was obtained by centrifugation at 800 r/min for 8 min at room temperature. Ten volunteers served as control group (group E). The 40 patients with CHD were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group A, B, C and D. In group E and group A PRP was incubated without midazolam while in group B, C and D PRP was incubated with midazolam 100 (B) , 200 (C) and 400 ng?ml-1 (D) for 3 min. The inhibitory effect of midazolam on expression of CD154, CD41/61 and CD26p on the platelet membrane surface was determined by flow cytometry. Results The five groups were comparable with respect to age, sex (M/F ratio) , body weight, platelet count, bleeding and coagulation time. The expression of CD154, CD41/61 and CD62p on the platelet surface was significantly increased in patients with CHD. Midazolam 200 and 400 ng?ml-1 inhibited the expression of CD154, CD41/61 and CD62p on the platelet membrane surface in patients with CHD, whereas midazolam 100 ?g?ml-1 had no significant effect on CD154, CD41/61 and CD62p. Conclusion The expression of adhesion molecules on the platelet membrane surface is greater in patients with CHD than in healthy adults. Midazolam 200 and 400 ng?ml-1 can inhibit the expression of CD154, CD41/61 and CD62p on the platelet membrane surface.

The paper sums up quality management in obstetrics in Shanghai in the past 10 years and gives an account of the specific measures adopted: laying a solid foundation of quality management in obstetrics and creating a sound organizational framework;valuing the crux of quality management in obstetrics and strengthening the control of process quality;stressing quality improvement in obstetrics and the analysis and feedback of outcome information and guiding the formulation of short-term and long-term action plans.It also describes the marked results obtained,including a reduced maternal mortality rate,enhanced access criteria for maternity hospitals,and preliminary results attained after the establishment of maternity hospitals for women from other areas.In addition,the paper puts forward suggestions for further improving maternal healthcare and obstetric quality.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of whole body hyperthermia(WBH) in the treatment of advanced hepatic carcinoma and its effect on liver function.Methods From 2001 to 2004,39 cases of advanced hepatic carcinoma were treated with WBH.The effect of WBH on liver function was assessed by liver function test before and after treatment.Results ①The effective rate of WBH was 61.5%(24/39) in the treatment of advanced hepatic carcinoma with declined AFP in 60.0%(9/15) of patient and 100% of patients had pain relieve.The survival rates of 6 months,1 year and 2 years were 76.9%(30/39),59.0%(23/39) and 12.8%(5/39),respectively.②Alanine aminotransferase(ALT) elevated obviously in 1-3 d after treatment(P

Objective:To investigate the effect of ulinastatin(UTI) on the changes of IL-6,TNF-?,IL-10 and IL-4 expression during perioperative period of surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).Methods: Twenty patients with AISⅠ-Ⅱ scheduled to receive surgical correction of spinal deformities were equally randomized into 2 groups-UTI group and control group.Patients in UTI group received intravenous infusion of 10 000 U/kg UTI with 250 ml normal saline just before operation and every 4 h thereafter if necessary;patients in control group received same amount of normal saline.ECG,CVP,SpO_(2)and P_(ET)CO_(2) were continously monitored during operation in both group.Mean arteral pressure(MAP) was maintained at(60?5) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).Venous blood samples were collected immediately before induction of anaesthesia(T_(1)),10 min after induction(T_(2)),1 h after UTI administration(T_(3)),30 min after extubation(T_(4)) and 24 h postoperatively(T_(5)).The plasma levels of IL-6,TNF-?,IL-10 and IL-4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and their mRNA expression was assayed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results: At T_(3),T_(4) and T_(5),plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-? and their mRNA copies in control group were significantly higher than that at T_1(P