Hypoxia could not only induce tumor chemoradiotherapeutic resistance, but also cause strong invasiveness which make tumor inclined to recurrence and metastasis. With regard to the detection of oxygenation condition in tumor tissue, there are many methods, but each has its advantages and disadvantages. Accurate monitoring of tumor oxygenation state plays an important role in therapeutic schedule formulation and implementation which would improve curative effect of tumor.
Animals ; Cell Hypoxia ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Neoplasms ; blood ; Oximetry ; methods

Both molecular weight 6000 and 1000 polyethylene glycol (PEG) have been used to induce thc fusion of hepatoma cell by two methods of centrifugation and stillstand. The results showed that 50% PEG of molecular weight 1000 and centrifugation increase the percentage of fused cells. The procedure of cell fusion has been examined. The cytoplasm has been fused when the cells start fusing in one hour and a half, and the neucleus start fusing in two horus and a half.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of phospholipase Cgamma-2 (PLCgamma-2), lipoxygenase-12 (12-LOX) and arachidonic acid (AA) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to study the the relationship between lipid metabolism and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. METHOD: In 30 cases of carcinoma tissue and peritumoral laryngeal mucosa tissues (confirmed to be normal laryngeal tissues by pathology), immunohistochemical method (Streptavidin-peroxidase method, SP method) was used for the detection of expression of PLCgamma-2 and 12-LOX, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for the content of the arachidonic acid in carcinoma tissue and peritumoral normal laryngeal mucosa tissues. RESULT: The positive rates of PLCgamma-2 and 12-LOX in carcinoma tissue were higher than in peritumoral normal laryngeal mucosa tissues with statistically significance differences (P < 0.05). The content of arachidonic acid was lower in carcinoma tissue than in peritumoral normal laryngeal mucosa tissues with statistically significance difference (P < 0.05). The positive expressions of PLCgamma-2 and 12-LOX were closely correlated to tnm stage, histological differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The content of arachidonic acid had no significant correlations with tnm stage, histological differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P > 0.05). Both the expression of PLCgamma-2 and 12-LOX and the content of arachidonic acid had no statistically significant correlation with age (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION PLCgamma-2, AA and 12-LOX play important roles in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. It may be meaningful to the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma by suppressing this passway.
Aged ; Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase ; metabolism ; Arachidonic Acid ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Phospholipase C gamma ; metabolism ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of hypoxia improvement in Hep-2 cell on cisplatin-induced apoptosis. METHOD: Human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 cells and HIF-1α-RNAi-Hep-2 cells were cultured in normoxic, hypoxic and reoxygenation condition. The inhibition of cisplatin on cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. The influence of cisplatin on cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. RESULT: The inhibition of cisplatin on cell proliferation was reduced by hypoxia. After HIF-1α gene was silenced, the inhibition of cisplatin on Hep-2 cell proliferation was increased apparently, but was still interfered partly by hypoxia. Hypoxia could induce cell apoptosis decreased and enhance chemotherapeutic resistance. After reoxygenation, cell apoptosis induced by cisplatin was increased significantly (P < 0.05). HIF-1α-RNAi-Hep-2 cells under hypoxia also showed certain resistance to apoptosis but the sensitivity to cisplatin was higher than that of Hep-2 cells. When cells were returned from hypoxic condition to normoxic condition for some time, the apoptosis induced by cisplatin was increased significantly (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The improvement of hypoxic microenvironment with HIF-1α gene knockout could increase the sensitivity of Hep-2 cells to chemotherapy.
Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics of malignant lymphoma of intestinal tract.Methods Thirty-two cases of malignant intestinal lymphoma proved operatively and pathologically were studied .All cases were subjected to Ba-meal or double contrast Ba-enema examinations. There were 10 cases studied by CT scan and 19 cases by B-ultrasonography.Results By Barium studies we found 20 cases of lesions involving the small intestine or ileocecal junction and 12 involving the large intestine. In the former subgroup , we found regional dilatation of small intestine in 6, multiple intraluminal polypoid filling defects in 7, intestinal wall infiltration in 4, intraluminal nodular proliferation with ulcer formation in 3; while in the latter subgroup ,there were polypoid masses seen in 6, narrowing of intestinal lumen in 5 and coarse intestinal mucosa in 1.On CT scan , we found irregular thickening of intestinal wall in 5 cases , eccentric intraluminal mass in 2 and intestinal dilatation associated with thickening of intestinal wall in 3. B-ultrasonography showed beltoid low echo thickened intestinal wall in 5 cases ,pseudo kidney sign in 6 and lumpy low echoes in 2. Conclusion Barium study , CT scan and B-ultrasonography have different specific diagnostic characteristics for malignant intestinal lymphoma.In combination with these examinations are mutually beneficial in the diagnostic process.

To investigate the clinical features of laryngeal papilloma in children.Method:In a group of 62 patients with laryngeal papilloma in children,the tumors of 28 patients were cut under the direct laryngoscope,34 patients were treated with laryngeal micro-laser operation.Result:The post-operation followup ranged from 2 to 5 years,the cure rate of 2 years was 51.61%.Conclusion:The clinical features of this disease include rapid development,a large lesion,and it is often found in the infraglottic cavity.Furthermore,we believe that in order to eliminate the tumors more accurately and decrease recurrence,microlaser surgery and the use of interferon is very necessary.

OBJECTIVE: To study whether cancer stem cells promotes resistance of laryngeal squamous cancer to irradiation mediated by hypoxia. METHOD: Hep-2 cells were respectively cultured in hypoxia and normoxia environment, and the express of HIF-la was detected by western blot. Then they were radiated with different doses of gamma-rays. After that we detected growth inhibition ratio with MTT assay, cell circle and ratio of CD133+ cells with Flow cytometry at different times. RESULT: MTT assay showed that inhibition ratio of the hypoxia group was lower than that of the normoxia group after different doses of gamma-rays at each time point, and the difference was significant 24 h after 10 Gy irradiation (P < 0.05). The results of Flow cytometry demonstrated that cells of the two groups were arrested at G1 phase, and cells ratio in G1 phase of the hypoxia group was higher than that of he normoxia group after 10 Gy irradiation. The ratio of CD133-positive cells was higher in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group after radiation, and difference was significant 24 h after 10 Gy irradiation (P < 0.05). In each group, the ratio of CD133-positive cells became higher after radiation than that before radiation (P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION We can conclude that cancer stem cells play an important role in radioresistance mediated by hypoxia.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gamma Rays ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Radiation Tolerance

Objective: To explore the diagnostic values of FibroTouch and FibroScan for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). Methods: This study enrolled patients with CHB who was accepted liver biopsy at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University between March 2014 to December 2017. FibroTouch and FibroScan were performed among these patients at same time. Liver stiffness measurement(LSM), optimal cut-off value, receiver operating characteristic(ROC) were compared. Results: In our 103 patients, there were no significantly different between FibroTouch and FibroScan in LSM. The threshold of the optimal cut-off value for FibroTouch and FibroScan were 5.45 versus 5.55 kPa (≥S1), 7.10 versus 6.65 kPa (≥S2), 11.05 versus 9.20 kPa (≥S3), 15.50 versus 15.45 kPa (S4), respectively. The area under the ROC curve for the prediction of the stage1, stage2, stage2, stage 4 of liver fibrosis in these patients were 0.858 versus 0.765 (P=0.54), 0.812 versus 0.801 (P=0.68), 0.863 versus 0.878 (P=0.45), and 1.0 versus 0.99 (P=0.38) respectively. Conclusions FibroTouch and FibmScan have a good consistency in the evaluation of the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with CHB.

OBJECTIVETo perform a comparative assessment of the performance of FibroTouch and FibroScan in patients with hepatitis B.

METHODSA total of 211 patients with hepatitis B, including cases of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and of compensated cirrhosis, were enrolled for study between June and November of 2013. The patients underwent FibroScan testing (group 1) and FibroTouch testing (group 3), after which the operator examined a time motion ultrasound image from the FibroScan test and located a specific liver portion for focused FibroTouch testing (group 2). The consistency between the two tests' results was investigated by Pearson's correlation analysis, and the difference of liver stiffness between CHB patients and compensated cirrhosis patients was investigated by the two independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test.

RESULTSThe values of liver stiffness were 5.30 (4.30,8.65) in group 1,6.10 (4.70,8.90) in group 2, and 5.70 (4.50, 8.00) in group 3 (all P < 0.05); the Pearson correlation coefficients were all more than 0.8 (P < 0.05) and there was no statistically significant difference found between the results from FibroScan and FibroTouch.The values of liver stiffness were significantly different between the CHB patients and the compensated cirrhosis patients (P < 0.05). The rates of successful detection were 100% for FibroTouch and 97% for FibroScan.

CONCLUSIONFibroTouch and FibroScan have good consistency in the evaluation of the degree of liver fibrosis. FibroTouch has a higher rate of successful detection than FibroScan.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of cirrhotic patients complicated with infections. Methods The clinical and laboratory characteristics of cirrhotic patients complicated with infections hospitalized from April 2014 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Relevant risk factors for infection and mortality were explored. Results The overall incidence of infections was 17.6％ in 1670 hospitalized cirrhotic patients. Among the recruited 208 patients in this study, alcoholic, viral hepatitis B or C and autoimmune liver diseases accounted for 29.8％ (62/208), 26.0％ (54/208), and 22.1％ (46/208), respectively. The most common infection site was respiratory tract (70.2％ ), followed by urinary tract, intestinal and intra-abdomen. Forty-six pathogens were isolated from 32 patients, including 22 (47.8％ ) Gram negative bacteria, 16 (34.8％ ) Gram positive bacteria and 2(4.3％ ) mycobacterium tuberculosis, 5 (10.9％) fungi and 1 (2.2％) mycoplasma. The mortality in patients with nosocomial infections (16.7％,7/42) was higher than that in patients with community-acquired infections (6.0％,10/166, P=0.025). All 17 deaths occurred in decompensated cirrhosis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that hepatic encephalopathy and prothrombin time were independent risk factors of mortality. Conclusions Patients with decompensated cirrhosis are more susceptible to infections. Hepatic encephalopathy and prothrombin time are independent risk factors for death.